{"id":101837,"date":"2019-03-11T10:00:36","date_gmt":"2019-03-11T06:30:36","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/www.scfri.com\/?p=754"},"modified":"2022-04-19T15:34:58","modified_gmt":"2022-04-19T11:04:58","slug":"engaging-not-isolating-iran-is-essential-to-middle-east-stability","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/scfr.ir\/en\/strategic-perspective\/opinion\/101837\/engaging-not-isolating-iran-is-essential-to-middle-east-stability\/","title":{"rendered":"Engaging, not Isolating, Iran is Essential to Middle East Stability"},"content":{"rendered":"

The statement was made at the Munich Security Conference on Friday 15 February, following Mogherini\u2019s refusal to partake in the US-sponsored Warsaw summit<\/a> on \u2018Peace and Security in the Middle East\u2019 that was held on 13-14 February in Poland. Shunned by major European states, which sent low level officials to Poland, the Warsaw summit has evidenced not only the deep rift between the US and its traditional European allies over Iran and the Middle East, but also the growing hardship facing the US Trump administration and its regional allies in orchestrating an international campaign of multilateral pressure vis-\u00e0-vis Tehran.
\nAttended by over sixty nations, with Israel\u2019s Benjamin Netanyahu being the only foreign head of present at the summit, the meeting quickly and predictably degenerated into a series of provocative statements on Iranian foreign policy.
\nWhile the US had promised a wide agenda, this was clearly little more than a tactical ploy aimed at overcoming European reluctance to join in on the US-led anti-Iran bonanza. Thankfully, European states had the foresight to not fall into this trap, displaying a rare unity of intent in supporting the JCPOA in the face of US pressure and threats.<\/p>\n

Joining Mogherini in boycotting the summit, Russia, Turkey, Qatar, Palestine, Iraq and Lebanon also declined to participate, further highlighting the fallacy of Iran\u2019s supposed international isolation. Not only did Moscow convene a trilateral summit with the heads of state of Turkey and Iran on Syria that coincided with what was supposed to be the highlight day of the Warsaw summit, the absence of key Arab states also serves as a reminder of Iranian influence in the region, making the US\u2019s goal of establishing an \u2018Arab (and Israeli) NATO\u2019 to confront Iran little more than a delusion.<\/p>\n

With US Secretary of State, Mike Pompeo, announcing to the media that \u201cyou can\u2019t achieve stability in the Middle East without confronting Iran<\/a>\u201d and Rudy Giuliani, President Trump\u2019s personal lawyer and former mayor of New York, calling for regime change in Iran<\/a> at yet another rally of the Iranian opposition group, the People\u2019s Mujahedin of Iran (MEK), in Warsaw, it is hard to see how such a conference can enhance \u2018peace and security\u2019 in the Middle East. To make matters worse, the official twitter account of Israeli Prime Minister (and Foreign Minister) Netanyahu, released (and subsequently deleted) a statement describing the summit as advancing the common Arab and Israeli \u201cinterest of war with Iran\u201d<\/a>, while circulating a leaked video<\/a> of a discussion between Arab foreign ministers in which they claimed that if it was not for Iran\u2019s \u201ctoxic\u201d policies in the region, Arab states would have been much closer to resolving the conflict with Israel, presumably at the expense of Palestinians.
\nDecades of efforts to isolate Iran have not translated into a more stable and peaceful Middle East. Much the opposite. While the US Trump administration and its regional allies in Tel Aviv, Riyadh and the Abu Dhabi may be right in identifying Iran the as the primary \u2013 if not the only remaining \u2013 competitor to a US-dominated regional alliance framework, isolating Tehran is not only strategically impossible, it is also counterproductive.
\nIran has demonstrated its ability to scuttle and frustrate US-Israeli-Saudi policies in the region when Teheran is purposely excluded from these efforts, or when such policies are inherently aimed at damaging Iranian interests. This has clearly been the case in Syria and Lebanon, but also in post-2003 Iraq, in the realm of the never ending Arab-Israel-Palestinian diplomacy, in Yemen and may soon become so again in Afghanistan.
\nIn all of these theatres, engaging Iran in tough diplomacy and negotiations rather than isolating it or seeking to harm its interests represents the advisable, if not the only, way forward.
\nLet us be clear. Engaging Iran is not equivalent to accommodating its ambitions or appeasing its policies.<\/strong> Yet, diplomacy and statecraft is just that, finding creative means to link multiple dossiers and issues through a process of negotiation, balancing and quid-pro-quo. Rarely \u2013 if ever \u2013 attempted in the past, seeking to enhance peace and stability in the Middle East without engaging Iran or accounting for its legitimate interests in certain theatres, is the equivalent of working towards the stabilization of the European continent while isolating and ignoring Russia.<\/p>\n

While Iran\u2019s regional adversaries may argue that their policies are a reaction to Iran\u2019s expanded influence across Iraq, Syria, Lebanon and Yemen, the harbinger of this Iranian ascendancy has less to do with the appeal of Iranian foreign policy than with the strategic blunders of US foreign policy, to various extents supported by Tel Aviv and Riyadh. The 2003 US-led invasion and occupation of Iraq, in particular, created the groundwork for this Iranian ascendancy. Moreover, Iran is not the sole culprit for the carnage in Syria and cannot be blamed for the emergence of the Houthis across the Saudi\u2019s boarder in Yemen. Wishful thinking and \u2018with us or against us\u2019 approaches do not make for intelligent foreign policy.
\nThe US Trump administration is today committing yet another strategic blunder in the Middle East. Like Iraq in 2003, Washington\u2019s decision to unilaterally withdraw from the JCPOA and embrace the Saudi and Israeli approach of \u201cmaximum pressure\u201d vis-\u00e0-vis Iran that both actors had been calling for under the Obama administration is likely to further enflame the Middle East, weaken transatlantic unity and dilute (or perhaps even dissipate) what remains of US soft power and credibility.
\nEurope, Iran and the post-US JCPOA<\/strong>
\nEU High Representative Mogherini is therefore correct in her steadfast support for the JCPOA. The survival of the deal, while obviously not enough to bring \u2018peace and stability\u2019 to the Middle East, is vital to the EU\u2019s credibility as a global actor, for the international non-proliferation regime and for European security interests, with European countries more exposed to Middle East turmoil than Washington.
\nEurope\u2019s launching of the Special Purpose Vehicle (SPV) on 31 January is a welcome development, but will not be enough to ensure the survival of the agreement. Europe must therefore launch broader political, economic and strategic efforts to provide tangible results for average Iranian citizens who continue to view Europe and the West more generally as a more appealing destination compared to China or Russia.
\nImaginative diplomacy is urgently needed. Building on Iran\u2019s proud history and civilization, cultural diplomacy, combined with concerted efforts to increase student and business visa applications for Iranian citizens, with the appropriate controls, could represent further steps. Ensuring that Iran has access to western medical equipment and medicine as well as non-dual use technology used in universities or other critical social and economic sectors represent further avenues to explore.<\/strong> Finally, much more needs to be done in finding creative meant to allow Iran to continue exporting oil, a key commitment taken by Europe on the eve of the US\u2019s re-imposition of sanctions on Tehran, but one that has thus far failed to materialize, with considerable repercussions on EU credibility and the Iranian economy.
\nSuch action would increase the chances that Iran continue its abidance with the JCPOA, and as a result should themselves also be framed as \u201cfundamental and crucial for our security\u201d. Europe is partially responsible for raising expectations in Iran and further afield on what Europe can deliver with respect to the JCPOA.<\/strong> Now is the time to move from statements to deeds, beginning to flex Europe\u2019s political and economic muscles on the world stage. Otherwise, the risk will be that of further consolidating the impression of Europe being a toothless international actor, one that can achieve international breakthroughs only when acting in synergy with US interests.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

\u201cIt is fundamental and crucial for our security\u201d. With these words, EU High Representative Federica Mogherini pushed back against renewed calls by the US to end Europe\u2019s support for the Iran Nuclear Deal, or Joint Comprehensive Plan of Action (JCPOA) as it is formally called.
\nAndrea Dess\u00ec – Senior Fellow of IAI\u2019s Mediterranean and Middle East programme<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":7,"featured_media":756,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_et_pb_use_builder":"","_et_pb_old_content":"","_et_gb_content_width":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[34],"tags":[33768,20225,13369],"class_list":["post-101837","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-opinion","tag-iran-eu-relations-en-2","tag-us-withdrawal-from-jcpoa-en","tag-warsaw-conference-en"],"yoast_head":"\nEngaging, not Isolating, Iran is Essential to Middle East Stability - Strategic Council on Foreign Relations<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Andrea Dess\u00ec - Senior Fellow of IAI\u2019s Mediterranean and Middle East programme says INSTEX will not be enough to ensure the survival of the JCPOA.\" \/>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/scfr.ir\/en\/strategic-perspective\/opinion\/101837\/engaging-not-isolating-iran-is-essential-to-middle-east-stability\/\" \/>\n<script type=\"application\/ld+json\" class=\"yoast-schema-graph\">{\"@context\":\"https:\\\/\\\/schema.org\",\"@graph\":[{\"@type\":\"Article\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/scfr.ir\\\/en\\\/strategic-perspective\\\/opinion\\\/101837\\\/engaging-not-isolating-iran-is-essential-to-middle-east-stability\\\/#article\",\"isPartOf\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/scfr.ir\\\/en\\\/strategic-perspective\\\/opinion\\\/101837\\\/engaging-not-isolating-iran-is-essential-to-middle-east-stability\\\/\"},\"author\":{\"name\":\"AGOL\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/scfr.ir\\\/fa\\\/#\\\/schema\\\/person\\\/d39f31143efe45f618d63ff00063e28e\"},\"headline\":\"Engaging, not Isolating, Iran is Essential to Middle East Stability\",\"datePublished\":\"2019-03-11T06:30:36+00:00\",\"dateModified\":\"2022-04-19T11:04:58+00:00\",\"mainEntityOfPage\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/scfr.ir\\\/en\\\/strategic-perspective\\\/opinion\\\/101837\\\/engaging-not-isolating-iran-is-essential-to-middle-east-stability\\\/\"},\"wordCount\":1286,\"commentCount\":0,\"publisher\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/scfr.ir\\\/fa\\\/#organization\"},\"image\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/scfr.ir\\\/en\\\/strategic-perspective\\\/opinion\\\/101837\\\/engaging-not-isolating-iran-is-essential-to-middle-east-stability\\\/#primaryimage\"},\"thumbnailUrl\":\"\",\"keywords\":[\"Iran EU relations\",\"US withdrawal from JCPOA\",\"Warsaw Conference\"],\"articleSection\":[\"Opinion\"],\"inLanguage\":\"en-US\",\"potentialAction\":[{\"@type\":\"CommentAction\",\"name\":\"Comment\",\"target\":[\"https:\\\/\\\/scfr.ir\\\/en\\\/strategic-perspective\\\/opinion\\\/101837\\\/engaging-not-isolating-iran-is-essential-to-middle-east-stability\\\/#respond\"]}]},{\"@type\":\"WebPage\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/scfr.ir\\\/en\\\/strategic-perspective\\\/opinion\\\/101837\\\/engaging-not-isolating-iran-is-essential-to-middle-east-stability\\\/\",\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/scfr.ir\\\/en\\\/strategic-perspective\\\/opinion\\\/101837\\\/engaging-not-isolating-iran-is-essential-to-middle-east-stability\\\/\",\"name\":\"Engaging, not Isolating, Iran is Essential to Middle East Stability - 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