An Analysis of the Makkah Defense Pact
SCFR Online – Opinion: On Friday, August 7, the heads of state of three countries – Saudi Arabia, Turkey, and Pakistan – signed a text under the title “Makkah Joint Defense Agreement.”
SCFR Online – Opinion: On Friday, August 7, the heads of state of three countries – Saudi Arabia, Turkey, and Pakistan – signed a text under the title “Makkah Joint Defense Agreement.”
Strategic Council Online – Note: The initiative to revive the Hejaz Railway, beyond being a transportation project, constitutes an attempt to redefine geopolitics, the economy, and Turkey’s regional position; however, its realization appears to face significant financial, security, and institutional challenges.
SCFR Online – Opinion: The Strait of Hormuz crisis is no longer merely the consequence of a military confrontation, but rather a sign of the transition from the US-centered maritime order to a new energy security structure involving the participation of emerging and influential powers.
SCFR Online – Opinion: Iran’s active deterrence strategy, while increasing the costs of US intervention, has increasingly exposed the hidden rifts between Washington’s interests and those of the Israeli regime.
SCFR Online – Opinion: The escalation of verbal and strategic tensions between Turkey and the Israeli regime, although not increasing the likelihood of direct war, indicates the formation of a new order in West Asian geopolitical rivalries.
Strategic Council Online – Note: Recent developments in the political geography of West Asia, from rising tensions in the Persian Gulf to missile and drone activities in the Red Sea and the recent warning by Kaja Kallas, the European Union’s foreign policy chief, regarding the threat to freedom of navigation, indicate a key pattern shift; the US-Iran war has moved beyond the scope of a regional and local confrontation and has linked two vital passageways for the global economy: the Strait of Hormuz and the Bab el-Mandeb Strait.
SCFR Online – Opinion: The Ukraine war was not merely a European crisis, but rather the starting point for the rearrangement of the global balance of power and a shift in the strategic behavior of great powers.
SCFR Online – Opinion: Great power competition is now pursued more in trade, currency, technology, and global supply chains than on the battlefields of military confrontation.
Strategic Council Online – Opinion: The joint article by the foreign ministers of Britain, France, and Germany, recently published in Politico under the title “Why we are seeking to reimpose UN sanctions on Iran,” was an apparent attempt to present a one-sided narrative regarding Iran’s nuclear dossier. While the article emphasized increased uranium stockpiles, limited cooperation with the IAEA, and Iran’s security threats, important facts of our country’s nuclear case were ignored entirely.
Strategic Council Online – Dialogue: An expert on China said that if Iran gains a clear understanding of China’s global initiatives in the area of security, it can enter into good interactions with Beijing to resolve the nuclear issue. This is because China is interested in creating a new initiative in the Iranian nuclear issue that, although based on the JCPOA, creates a new framework for cooperation and interaction between the parties to the Joint Comprehensive Plan of Action.
Strategic Council Online – Guest opinion: Amidst talks about Iran’s essential issues and challenges in the current calendar year, what quickly comes into one’s mind is the debate on economic disturbances and people’s livelihood problems. This is even though, in today’s interconnected world, we can safely say that the root of many domestic financial problems lies in foreign policy and international relations of the country; however, this does not mean minimizing the importance of managerial inefficiencies and the weakness and inadequacy of some internal executive and supervisory institutions.
Dr. Mohammad Mehdi Mazaheri – University professor
Strategic Council Online – Opinion: At the end of his recent trip to China, French President Emmanuel Macron made critical comments about the “strategic independence” of the European Union, which is noteworthy.
Hamid Khoshayand – Expert on regional affairs
SCFR Online – Opinion: On Friday, August 7, the heads of state of three countries – Saudi Arabia, Turkey, and Pakistan – signed a text under the title “Makkah Joint Defense Agreement.”
Strategic Council Online – Note: The initiative to revive the Hejaz Railway, beyond being a transportation project, constitutes an attempt to redefine geopolitics, the economy, and Turkey’s regional position; however, its realization appears to face significant financial, security, and institutional challenges.
SCFR Online – Opinion: The Strait of Hormuz crisis is no longer merely the consequence of a military confrontation, but rather a sign of the transition from the US-centered maritime order to a new energy security structure involving the participation of emerging and influential powers.
SCFR Online – Opinion: Iran’s active deterrence strategy, while increasing the costs of US intervention, has increasingly exposed the hidden rifts between Washington’s interests and those of the Israeli regime.
SCFR Online – Opinion: The escalation of verbal and strategic tensions between Turkey and the Israeli regime, although not increasing the likelihood of direct war, indicates the formation of a new order in West Asian geopolitical rivalries.
Strategic Council Online – Note: Recent developments in the political geography of West Asia, from rising tensions in the Persian Gulf to missile and drone activities in the Red Sea and the recent warning by Kaja Kallas, the European Union’s foreign policy chief, regarding the threat to freedom of navigation, indicate a key pattern shift; the US-Iran war has moved beyond the scope of a regional and local confrontation and has linked two vital passageways for the global economy: the Strait of Hormuz and the Bab el-Mandeb Strait.
SCFR Online – Opinion: The Ukraine war was not merely a European crisis, but rather the starting point for the rearrangement of the global balance of power and a shift in the strategic behavior of great powers.
SCFR Online – Opinion: Great power competition is now pursued more in trade, currency, technology, and global supply chains than on the battlefields of military confrontation.
Strategic Council Online – Opinion: The joint article by the foreign ministers of Britain, France, and Germany, recently published in Politico under the title “Why we are seeking to reimpose UN sanctions on Iran,” was an apparent attempt to present a one-sided narrative regarding Iran’s nuclear dossier. While the article emphasized increased uranium stockpiles, limited cooperation with the IAEA, and Iran’s security threats, important facts of our country’s nuclear case were ignored entirely.
Strategic Council Online – Dialogue: An expert on China said that if Iran gains a clear understanding of China’s global initiatives in the area of security, it can enter into good interactions with Beijing to resolve the nuclear issue. This is because China is interested in creating a new initiative in the Iranian nuclear issue that, although based on the JCPOA, creates a new framework for cooperation and interaction between the parties to the Joint Comprehensive Plan of Action.
Strategic Council Online – Guest opinion: Amidst talks about Iran’s essential issues and challenges in the current calendar year, what quickly comes into one’s mind is the debate on economic disturbances and people’s livelihood problems. This is even though, in today’s interconnected world, we can safely say that the root of many domestic financial problems lies in foreign policy and international relations of the country; however, this does not mean minimizing the importance of managerial inefficiencies and the weakness and inadequacy of some internal executive and supervisory institutions.
Dr. Mohammad Mehdi Mazaheri – University professor
Strategic Council Online – Opinion: At the end of his recent trip to China, French President Emmanuel Macron made critical comments about the “strategic independence” of the European Union, which is noteworthy.
Hamid Khoshayand – Expert on regional affairs
Strategic Council Online – Opinion: The joint article by the foreign ministers of Britain, France, and Germany, recently published in Politico under the title “Why we are seeking to reimpose UN sanctions on Iran,” was an apparent attempt to present a one-sided narrative regarding Iran’s nuclear dossier. While the article emphasized increased uranium stockpiles, limited cooperation with the IAEA, and Iran’s security threats, important facts of our country’s nuclear case were ignored entirely.
Strategic Council Online – Dialogue: An expert on China said that if Iran gains a clear understanding of China’s global initiatives in the area of security, it can enter into good interactions with Beijing to resolve the nuclear issue. This is because China is interested in creating a new initiative in the Iranian nuclear issue that, although based on the JCPOA, creates a new framework for cooperation and interaction between the parties to the Joint Comprehensive Plan of Action.
Strategic Council Online – Guest opinion: Amidst talks about Iran’s essential issues and challenges in the current calendar year, what quickly comes into one’s mind is the debate on economic disturbances and people’s livelihood problems. This is even though, in today’s interconnected world, we can safely say that the root of many domestic financial problems lies in foreign policy and international relations of the country; however, this does not mean minimizing the importance of managerial inefficiencies and the weakness and inadequacy of some internal executive and supervisory institutions.
Dr. Mohammad Mehdi Mazaheri – University professor
Strategic Council Online – Opinion: At the end of his recent trip to China, French President Emmanuel Macron made critical comments about the “strategic independence” of the European Union, which is noteworthy.
Hamid Khoshayand – Expert on regional affairs
SCFR Online – Opinion: On Friday, August 7, the heads of state of three countries – Saudi Arabia, Turkey, and Pakistan – signed a text under the title “Makkah Joint Defense Agreement.”
Strategic Council Online – Note: The initiative to revive the Hejaz Railway, beyond being a transportation project, constitutes an attempt to redefine geopolitics, the economy, and Turkey’s regional position; however, its realization appears to face significant financial, security, and institutional challenges.
SCFR Online – Opinion: The Strait of Hormuz crisis is no longer merely the consequence of a military confrontation, but rather a sign of the transition from the US-centered maritime order to a new energy security structure involving the participation of emerging and influential powers.
SCFR Online – Opinion: Iran’s active deterrence strategy, while increasing the costs of US intervention, has increasingly exposed the hidden rifts between Washington’s interests and those of the Israeli regime.
SCFR Online – Opinion: The escalation of verbal and strategic tensions between Turkey and the Israeli regime, although not increasing the likelihood of direct war, indicates the formation of a new order in West Asian geopolitical rivalries.
Strategic Council Online – Note: Recent developments in the political geography of West Asia, from rising tensions in the Persian Gulf to missile and drone activities in the Red Sea and the recent warning by Kaja Kallas, the European Union’s foreign policy chief, regarding the threat to freedom of navigation, indicate a key pattern shift; the US-Iran war has moved beyond the scope of a regional and local confrontation and has linked two vital passageways for the global economy: the Strait of Hormuz and the Bab el-Mandeb Strait.
SCFR Online – Opinion: The Ukraine war was not merely a European crisis, but rather the starting point for the rearrangement of the global balance of power and a shift in the strategic behavior of great powers.
SCFR Online – Opinion: Great power competition is now pursued more in trade, currency, technology, and global supply chains than on the battlefields of military confrontation.
Strategic Council Online – Opinion: The joint article by the foreign ministers of Britain, France, and Germany, recently published in Politico under the title “Why we are seeking to reimpose UN sanctions on Iran,” was an apparent attempt to present a one-sided narrative regarding Iran’s nuclear dossier. While the article emphasized increased uranium stockpiles, limited cooperation with the IAEA, and Iran’s security threats, important facts of our country’s nuclear case were ignored entirely.
Strategic Council Online – Dialogue: An expert on China said that if Iran gains a clear understanding of China’s global initiatives in the area of security, it can enter into good interactions with Beijing to resolve the nuclear issue. This is because China is interested in creating a new initiative in the Iranian nuclear issue that, although based on the JCPOA, creates a new framework for cooperation and interaction between the parties to the Joint Comprehensive Plan of Action.
Strategic Council Online – Guest opinion: Amidst talks about Iran’s essential issues and challenges in the current calendar year, what quickly comes into one’s mind is the debate on economic disturbances and people’s livelihood problems. This is even though, in today’s interconnected world, we can safely say that the root of many domestic financial problems lies in foreign policy and international relations of the country; however, this does not mean minimizing the importance of managerial inefficiencies and the weakness and inadequacy of some internal executive and supervisory institutions.
Dr. Mohammad Mehdi Mazaheri – University professor
Strategic Council Online – Opinion: At the end of his recent trip to China, French President Emmanuel Macron made critical comments about the “strategic independence” of the European Union, which is noteworthy.
Hamid Khoshayand – Expert on regional affairs
SCFR Online – Opinion: On Friday, August 7, the heads of state of three countries – Saudi Arabia, Turkey, and Pakistan – signed a text under the title “Makkah Joint Defense Agreement.”
Strategic Council Online – Note: The initiative to revive the Hejaz Railway, beyond being a transportation project, constitutes an attempt to redefine geopolitics, the economy, and Turkey’s regional position; however, its realization appears to face significant financial, security, and institutional challenges.
SCFR Online – Opinion: The Strait of Hormuz crisis is no longer merely the consequence of a military confrontation, but rather a sign of the transition from the US-centered maritime order to a new energy security structure involving the participation of emerging and influential powers.
SCFR Online – Opinion: Iran’s active deterrence strategy, while increasing the costs of US intervention, has increasingly exposed the hidden rifts between Washington’s interests and those of the Israeli regime.
SCFR Online – Opinion: The escalation of verbal and strategic tensions between Turkey and the Israeli regime, although not increasing the likelihood of direct war, indicates the formation of a new order in West Asian geopolitical rivalries.
Strategic Council Online – Note: Recent developments in the political geography of West Asia, from rising tensions in the Persian Gulf to missile and drone activities in the Red Sea and the recent warning by Kaja Kallas, the European Union’s foreign policy chief, regarding the threat to freedom of navigation, indicate a key pattern shift; the US-Iran war has moved beyond the scope of a regional and local confrontation and has linked two vital passageways for the global economy: the Strait of Hormuz and the Bab el-Mandeb Strait.
SCFR Online – Opinion: The Ukraine war was not merely a European crisis, but rather the starting point for the rearrangement of the global balance of power and a shift in the strategic behavior of great powers.
SCFR Online – Opinion: Great power competition is now pursued more in trade, currency, technology, and global supply chains than on the battlefields of military confrontation.
Strategic Council Online – Opinion: The joint article by the foreign ministers of Britain, France, and Germany, recently published in Politico under the title “Why we are seeking to reimpose UN sanctions on Iran,” was an apparent attempt to present a one-sided narrative regarding Iran’s nuclear dossier. While the article emphasized increased uranium stockpiles, limited cooperation with the IAEA, and Iran’s security threats, important facts of our country’s nuclear case were ignored entirely.
Strategic Council Online – Dialogue: An expert on China said that if Iran gains a clear understanding of China’s global initiatives in the area of security, it can enter into good interactions with Beijing to resolve the nuclear issue. This is because China is interested in creating a new initiative in the Iranian nuclear issue that, although based on the JCPOA, creates a new framework for cooperation and interaction between the parties to the Joint Comprehensive Plan of Action.
Strategic Council Online – Guest opinion: Amidst talks about Iran’s essential issues and challenges in the current calendar year, what quickly comes into one’s mind is the debate on economic disturbances and people’s livelihood problems. This is even though, in today’s interconnected world, we can safely say that the root of many domestic financial problems lies in foreign policy and international relations of the country; however, this does not mean minimizing the importance of managerial inefficiencies and the weakness and inadequacy of some internal executive and supervisory institutions.
Dr. Mohammad Mehdi Mazaheri – University professor
Strategic Council Online – Opinion: At the end of his recent trip to China, French President Emmanuel Macron made critical comments about the “strategic independence” of the European Union, which is noteworthy.
Hamid Khoshayand – Expert on regional affairs
SCFR Online – Opinion: On Friday, August 7, the heads of state of three countries – Saudi Arabia, Turkey, and Pakistan – signed a text under the title “Makkah Joint Defense Agreement.”
Strategic Council Online – Note: The initiative to revive the Hejaz Railway, beyond being a transportation project, constitutes an attempt to redefine geopolitics, the economy, and Turkey’s regional position; however, its realization appears to face significant financial, security, and institutional challenges.
SCFR Online – Opinion: The Strait of Hormuz crisis is no longer merely the consequence of a military confrontation, but rather a sign of the transition from the US-centered maritime order to a new energy security structure involving the participation of emerging and influential powers.
SCFR Online – Opinion: Iran’s active deterrence strategy, while increasing the costs of US intervention, has increasingly exposed the hidden rifts between Washington’s interests and those of the Israeli regime.
SCFR Online – Opinion: The escalation of verbal and strategic tensions between Turkey and the Israeli regime, although not increasing the likelihood of direct war, indicates the formation of a new order in West Asian geopolitical rivalries.
Strategic Council Online – Note: Recent developments in the political geography of West Asia, from rising tensions in the Persian Gulf to missile and drone activities in the Red Sea and the recent warning by Kaja Kallas, the European Union’s foreign policy chief, regarding the threat to freedom of navigation, indicate a key pattern shift; the US-Iran war has moved beyond the scope of a regional and local confrontation and has linked two vital passageways for the global economy: the Strait of Hormuz and the Bab el-Mandeb Strait.
SCFR Online – Opinion: The Ukraine war was not merely a European crisis, but rather the starting point for the rearrangement of the global balance of power and a shift in the strategic behavior of great powers.
SCFR Online – Opinion: Great power competition is now pursued more in trade, currency, technology, and global supply chains than on the battlefields of military confrontation.
Strategic Council Online – Opinion: The joint article by the foreign ministers of Britain, France, and Germany, recently published in Politico under the title “Why we are seeking to reimpose UN sanctions on Iran,” was an apparent attempt to present a one-sided narrative regarding Iran’s nuclear dossier. While the article emphasized increased uranium stockpiles, limited cooperation with the IAEA, and Iran’s security threats, important facts of our country’s nuclear case were ignored entirely.
Strategic Council Online – Dialogue: An expert on China said that if Iran gains a clear understanding of China’s global initiatives in the area of security, it can enter into good interactions with Beijing to resolve the nuclear issue. This is because China is interested in creating a new initiative in the Iranian nuclear issue that, although based on the JCPOA, creates a new framework for cooperation and interaction between the parties to the Joint Comprehensive Plan of Action.
Strategic Council Online – Guest opinion: Amidst talks about Iran’s essential issues and challenges in the current calendar year, what quickly comes into one’s mind is the debate on economic disturbances and people’s livelihood problems. This is even though, in today’s interconnected world, we can safely say that the root of many domestic financial problems lies in foreign policy and international relations of the country; however, this does not mean minimizing the importance of managerial inefficiencies and the weakness and inadequacy of some internal executive and supervisory institutions.
Dr. Mohammad Mehdi Mazaheri – University professor
Strategic Council Online – Opinion: At the end of his recent trip to China, French President Emmanuel Macron made critical comments about the “strategic independence” of the European Union, which is noteworthy.
Hamid Khoshayand – Expert on regional affairs
SCFR Online – Opinion: On Friday, August 7, the heads of state of three countries – Saudi Arabia, Turkey, and Pakistan – signed a text under the title “Makkah Joint Defense Agreement.”
Strategic Council Online – Note: The initiative to revive the Hejaz Railway, beyond being a transportation project, constitutes an attempt to redefine geopolitics, the economy, and Turkey’s regional position; however, its realization appears to face significant financial, security, and institutional challenges.
SCFR Online – Opinion: The Strait of Hormuz crisis is no longer merely the consequence of a military confrontation, but rather a sign of the transition from the US-centered maritime order to a new energy security structure involving the participation of emerging and influential powers.
SCFR Online – Opinion: Iran’s active deterrence strategy, while increasing the costs of US intervention, has increasingly exposed the hidden rifts between Washington’s interests and those of the Israeli regime.
SCFR Online – Opinion: The escalation of verbal and strategic tensions between Turkey and the Israeli regime, although not increasing the likelihood of direct war, indicates the formation of a new order in West Asian geopolitical rivalries.
Strategic Council Online – Note: Recent developments in the political geography of West Asia, from rising tensions in the Persian Gulf to missile and drone activities in the Red Sea and the recent warning by Kaja Kallas, the European Union’s foreign policy chief, regarding the threat to freedom of navigation, indicate a key pattern shift; the US-Iran war has moved beyond the scope of a regional and local confrontation and has linked two vital passageways for the global economy: the Strait of Hormuz and the Bab el-Mandeb Strait.
SCFR Online – Opinion: The Ukraine war was not merely a European crisis, but rather the starting point for the rearrangement of the global balance of power and a shift in the strategic behavior of great powers.
SCFR Online – Opinion: Great power competition is now pursued more in trade, currency, technology, and global supply chains than on the battlefields of military confrontation.
Strategic Council Online – Opinion: The joint article by the foreign ministers of Britain, France, and Germany, recently published in Politico under the title “Why we are seeking to reimpose UN sanctions on Iran,” was an apparent attempt to present a one-sided narrative regarding Iran’s nuclear dossier. While the article emphasized increased uranium stockpiles, limited cooperation with the IAEA, and Iran’s security threats, important facts of our country’s nuclear case were ignored entirely.
Strategic Council Online – Dialogue: An expert on China said that if Iran gains a clear understanding of China’s global initiatives in the area of security, it can enter into good interactions with Beijing to resolve the nuclear issue. This is because China is interested in creating a new initiative in the Iranian nuclear issue that, although based on the JCPOA, creates a new framework for cooperation and interaction between the parties to the Joint Comprehensive Plan of Action.
Strategic Council Online – Guest opinion: Amidst talks about Iran’s essential issues and challenges in the current calendar year, what quickly comes into one’s mind is the debate on economic disturbances and people’s livelihood problems. This is even though, in today’s interconnected world, we can safely say that the root of many domestic financial problems lies in foreign policy and international relations of the country; however, this does not mean minimizing the importance of managerial inefficiencies and the weakness and inadequacy of some internal executive and supervisory institutions.
Dr. Mohammad Mehdi Mazaheri – University professor
Strategic Council Online – Opinion: At the end of his recent trip to China, French President Emmanuel Macron made critical comments about the “strategic independence” of the European Union, which is noteworthy.
Hamid Khoshayand – Expert on regional affairs
SCFR Online – Opinion: On Friday, August 7, the heads of state of three countries – Saudi Arabia, Turkey, and Pakistan – signed a text under the title “Makkah Joint Defense Agreement.”
Strategic Council Online – Note: The initiative to revive the Hejaz Railway, beyond being a transportation project, constitutes an attempt to redefine geopolitics, the economy, and Turkey’s regional position; however, its realization appears to face significant financial, security, and institutional challenges.
SCFR Online – Opinion: The Strait of Hormuz crisis is no longer merely the consequence of a military confrontation, but rather a sign of the transition from the US-centered maritime order to a new energy security structure involving the participation of emerging and influential powers.
SCFR Online – Opinion: Iran’s active deterrence strategy, while increasing the costs of US intervention, has increasingly exposed the hidden rifts between Washington’s interests and those of the Israeli regime.
SCFR Online – Opinion: The escalation of verbal and strategic tensions between Turkey and the Israeli regime, although not increasing the likelihood of direct war, indicates the formation of a new order in West Asian geopolitical rivalries.
Strategic Council Online – Note: Recent developments in the political geography of West Asia, from rising tensions in the Persian Gulf to missile and drone activities in the Red Sea and the recent warning by Kaja Kallas, the European Union’s foreign policy chief, regarding the threat to freedom of navigation, indicate a key pattern shift; the US-Iran war has moved beyond the scope of a regional and local confrontation and has linked two vital passageways for the global economy: the Strait of Hormuz and the Bab el-Mandeb Strait.
SCFR Online – Opinion: The Ukraine war was not merely a European crisis, but rather the starting point for the rearrangement of the global balance of power and a shift in the strategic behavior of great powers.
SCFR Online – Opinion: Great power competition is now pursued more in trade, currency, technology, and global supply chains than on the battlefields of military confrontation.