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The Makkah Pact Under scrutiny; From the “Deterrence Dilemma” to the “Risk of Disrupting Security”

SCFR Online – Opinion: The Makkah Pact, signed on August 7, 2026, between Saudi Arabia, Turkey, and Pakistan, is more than an answer to geopolitical vacuums; in practice, it faces a “deterrence dilemma” and “differing threat perception.” While this pact symbolizes a transition toward regional self-reliance, its first field tests and the complexities of relations with regional actors will determine its real meaning.

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2016 coup

Perspective; Turkey & Saudi Arabia Relations

Perspective; Turkey & Saudi Arabia Relations

Strategic Council Online- Interview: Having stated that Ankara needs to organize its economy through changing her regional inclination as well as to convergence with those countries it has had political challenges, an analyst on Turkey affaires said:” it seems that Turkey and Saudi Arabia can take steps towards sorting out some of their differences of opinion”.

Factors Influencing Normalization of Ankara’s Relations with Abu Dhabi and Riyadh

Factors Influencing Normalization of Ankara’s Relations with Abu Dhabi and Riyadh

Strategic Council Online – Opinion: Turkey’s relations with the UAE and Saudi Arabia are moving towards normalization, and the main reason is primarily political; because the series of developments that caused tension in their relations have become completely ineffective today.
Fatemeh Nekoolal Azad – Expert on international affairs

Model Ruling over Iran-Turkey Relations; Cooperation and Political Rivalry

Model Ruling over Iran-Turkey Relations; Cooperation and Political Rivalry

Strategic Council Online – Note: Iran and Turkey are the two important countries in the West Asia region and inheritors of great empires and historical hegemony that have always been in “competition and cooperation” with each other. Although the two countries have different and sometimes competitive roles and effects in the region and disagree on various issues, those differences have never meant ignoring and overshadowing the many common interests in bilateral relations.
Hamid Khoshayand – International Affairs Analyst

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The Makkah Pact Under scrutiny; From the “Deterrence Dilemma” to the “Risk of Disrupting Security”

SCFR Online – Opinion: The Makkah Pact, signed on August 7, 2026, between Saudi Arabia, Turkey, and Pakistan, is more than an answer to geopolitical vacuums; in practice, it faces a “deterrence dilemma” and “differing threat perception.” While this pact symbolizes a transition toward regional self-reliance, its first field tests and the complexities of relations with regional actors will determine its real meaning.

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2016 coup

Perspective; Turkey & Saudi Arabia Relations

Perspective; Turkey & Saudi Arabia Relations

Strategic Council Online- Interview: Having stated that Ankara needs to organize its economy through changing her regional inclination as well as to convergence with those countries it has had political challenges, an analyst on Turkey affaires said:” it seems that Turkey and Saudi Arabia can take steps towards sorting out some of their differences of opinion”.

Factors Influencing Normalization of Ankara’s Relations with Abu Dhabi and Riyadh

Factors Influencing Normalization of Ankara’s Relations with Abu Dhabi and Riyadh

Strategic Council Online – Opinion: Turkey’s relations with the UAE and Saudi Arabia are moving towards normalization, and the main reason is primarily political; because the series of developments that caused tension in their relations have become completely ineffective today.
Fatemeh Nekoolal Azad – Expert on international affairs

Model Ruling over Iran-Turkey Relations; Cooperation and Political Rivalry

Model Ruling over Iran-Turkey Relations; Cooperation and Political Rivalry

Strategic Council Online – Note: Iran and Turkey are the two important countries in the West Asia region and inheritors of great empires and historical hegemony that have always been in “competition and cooperation” with each other. Although the two countries have different and sometimes competitive roles and effects in the region and disagree on various issues, those differences have never meant ignoring and overshadowing the many common interests in bilateral relations.
Hamid Khoshayand – International Affairs Analyst

2016 coup

Perspective; Turkey & Saudi Arabia Relations

Perspective; Turkey & Saudi Arabia Relations

Strategic Council Online- Interview: Having stated that Ankara needs to organize its economy through changing her regional inclination as well as to convergence with those countries it has had political challenges, an analyst on Turkey affaires said:” it seems that Turkey and Saudi Arabia can take steps towards sorting out some of their differences of opinion”.

Factors Influencing Normalization of Ankara’s Relations with Abu Dhabi and Riyadh

Factors Influencing Normalization of Ankara’s Relations with Abu Dhabi and Riyadh

Strategic Council Online – Opinion: Turkey’s relations with the UAE and Saudi Arabia are moving towards normalization, and the main reason is primarily political; because the series of developments that caused tension in their relations have become completely ineffective today.
Fatemeh Nekoolal Azad – Expert on international affairs

Model Ruling over Iran-Turkey Relations; Cooperation and Political Rivalry

Model Ruling over Iran-Turkey Relations; Cooperation and Political Rivalry

Strategic Council Online – Note: Iran and Turkey are the two important countries in the West Asia region and inheritors of great empires and historical hegemony that have always been in “competition and cooperation” with each other. Although the two countries have different and sometimes competitive roles and effects in the region and disagree on various issues, those differences have never meant ignoring and overshadowing the many common interests in bilateral relations.
Hamid Khoshayand – International Affairs Analyst

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The Makkah Pact Under scrutiny; From the “Deterrence Dilemma” to the “Risk of Disrupting Security”

SCFR Online – Opinion: The Makkah Pact, signed on August 7, 2026, between Saudi Arabia, Turkey, and Pakistan, is more than an answer to geopolitical vacuums; in practice, it faces a “deterrence dilemma” and “differing threat perception.” While this pact symbolizes a transition toward regional self-reliance, its first field tests and the complexities of relations with regional actors will determine its real meaning.

Loading

2016 coup

Perspective; Turkey & Saudi Arabia Relations

Perspective; Turkey & Saudi Arabia Relations

Strategic Council Online- Interview: Having stated that Ankara needs to organize its economy through changing her regional inclination as well as to convergence with those countries it has had political challenges, an analyst on Turkey affaires said:” it seems that Turkey and Saudi Arabia can take steps towards sorting out some of their differences of opinion”.

Factors Influencing Normalization of Ankara’s Relations with Abu Dhabi and Riyadh

Factors Influencing Normalization of Ankara’s Relations with Abu Dhabi and Riyadh

Strategic Council Online – Opinion: Turkey’s relations with the UAE and Saudi Arabia are moving towards normalization, and the main reason is primarily political; because the series of developments that caused tension in their relations have become completely ineffective today.
Fatemeh Nekoolal Azad – Expert on international affairs

Model Ruling over Iran-Turkey Relations; Cooperation and Political Rivalry

Model Ruling over Iran-Turkey Relations; Cooperation and Political Rivalry

Strategic Council Online – Note: Iran and Turkey are the two important countries in the West Asia region and inheritors of great empires and historical hegemony that have always been in “competition and cooperation” with each other. Although the two countries have different and sometimes competitive roles and effects in the region and disagree on various issues, those differences have never meant ignoring and overshadowing the many common interests in bilateral relations.
Hamid Khoshayand – International Affairs Analyst

ÚLTIMAS PUBLICACIONES

The Makkah Pact Under scrutiny; From the “Deterrence Dilemma” to the “Risk of Disrupting Security”

SCFR Online – Opinion: The Makkah Pact, signed on August 7, 2026, between Saudi Arabia, Turkey, and Pakistan, is more than an answer to geopolitical vacuums; in practice, it faces a “deterrence dilemma” and “differing threat perception.” While this pact symbolizes a transition toward regional self-reliance, its first field tests and the complexities of relations with regional actors will determine its real meaning.

Loading

2016 coup

Perspective; Turkey & Saudi Arabia Relations

Perspective; Turkey & Saudi Arabia Relations

Strategic Council Online- Interview: Having stated that Ankara needs to organize its economy through changing her regional inclination as well as to convergence with those countries it has had political challenges, an analyst on Turkey affaires said:” it seems that Turkey and Saudi Arabia can take steps towards sorting out some of their differences of opinion”.

Factors Influencing Normalization of Ankara’s Relations with Abu Dhabi and Riyadh

Factors Influencing Normalization of Ankara’s Relations with Abu Dhabi and Riyadh

Strategic Council Online – Opinion: Turkey’s relations with the UAE and Saudi Arabia are moving towards normalization, and the main reason is primarily political; because the series of developments that caused tension in their relations have become completely ineffective today.
Fatemeh Nekoolal Azad – Expert on international affairs

Model Ruling over Iran-Turkey Relations; Cooperation and Political Rivalry

Model Ruling over Iran-Turkey Relations; Cooperation and Political Rivalry

Strategic Council Online – Note: Iran and Turkey are the two important countries in the West Asia region and inheritors of great empires and historical hegemony that have always been in “competition and cooperation” with each other. Although the two countries have different and sometimes competitive roles and effects in the region and disagree on various issues, those differences have never meant ignoring and overshadowing the many common interests in bilateral relations.
Hamid Khoshayand – International Affairs Analyst

ÚLTIMAS PUBLICACIONES

The Makkah Pact Under scrutiny; From the “Deterrence Dilemma” to the “Risk of Disrupting Security”

SCFR Online – Opinion: The Makkah Pact, signed on August 7, 2026, between Saudi Arabia, Turkey, and Pakistan, is more than an answer to geopolitical vacuums; in practice, it faces a “deterrence dilemma” and “differing threat perception.” While this pact symbolizes a transition toward regional self-reliance, its first field tests and the complexities of relations with regional actors will determine its real meaning.

Loading

2016 coup

Perspective; Turkey & Saudi Arabia Relations

Perspective; Turkey & Saudi Arabia Relations

Strategic Council Online- Interview: Having stated that Ankara needs to organize its economy through changing her regional inclination as well as to convergence with those countries it has had political challenges, an analyst on Turkey affaires said:” it seems that Turkey and Saudi Arabia can take steps towards sorting out some of their differences of opinion”.

Factors Influencing Normalization of Ankara’s Relations with Abu Dhabi and Riyadh

Factors Influencing Normalization of Ankara’s Relations with Abu Dhabi and Riyadh

Strategic Council Online – Opinion: Turkey’s relations with the UAE and Saudi Arabia are moving towards normalization, and the main reason is primarily political; because the series of developments that caused tension in their relations have become completely ineffective today.
Fatemeh Nekoolal Azad – Expert on international affairs

Model Ruling over Iran-Turkey Relations; Cooperation and Political Rivalry

Model Ruling over Iran-Turkey Relations; Cooperation and Political Rivalry

Strategic Council Online – Note: Iran and Turkey are the two important countries in the West Asia region and inheritors of great empires and historical hegemony that have always been in “competition and cooperation” with each other. Although the two countries have different and sometimes competitive roles and effects in the region and disagree on various issues, those differences have never meant ignoring and overshadowing the many common interests in bilateral relations.
Hamid Khoshayand – International Affairs Analyst

ÚLTIMAS PUBLICACIONES

The Makkah Pact Under scrutiny; From the “Deterrence Dilemma” to the “Risk of Disrupting Security”

SCFR Online – Opinion: The Makkah Pact, signed on August 7, 2026, between Saudi Arabia, Turkey, and Pakistan, is more than an answer to geopolitical vacuums; in practice, it faces a “deterrence dilemma” and “differing threat perception.” While this pact symbolizes a transition toward regional self-reliance, its first field tests and the complexities of relations with regional actors will determine its real meaning.

Loading

2016 coup

Perspective; Turkey & Saudi Arabia Relations

Perspective; Turkey & Saudi Arabia Relations

Strategic Council Online- Interview: Having stated that Ankara needs to organize its economy through changing her regional inclination as well as to convergence with those countries it has had political challenges, an analyst on Turkey affaires said:” it seems that Turkey and Saudi Arabia can take steps towards sorting out some of their differences of opinion”.

Factors Influencing Normalization of Ankara’s Relations with Abu Dhabi and Riyadh

Factors Influencing Normalization of Ankara’s Relations with Abu Dhabi and Riyadh

Strategic Council Online – Opinion: Turkey’s relations with the UAE and Saudi Arabia are moving towards normalization, and the main reason is primarily political; because the series of developments that caused tension in their relations have become completely ineffective today.
Fatemeh Nekoolal Azad – Expert on international affairs

Model Ruling over Iran-Turkey Relations; Cooperation and Political Rivalry

Model Ruling over Iran-Turkey Relations; Cooperation and Political Rivalry

Strategic Council Online – Note: Iran and Turkey are the two important countries in the West Asia region and inheritors of great empires and historical hegemony that have always been in “competition and cooperation” with each other. Although the two countries have different and sometimes competitive roles and effects in the region and disagree on various issues, those differences have never meant ignoring and overshadowing the many common interests in bilateral relations.
Hamid Khoshayand – International Affairs Analyst

ÚLTIMAS PUBLICACIONES

The Makkah Pact Under scrutiny; From the “Deterrence Dilemma” to the “Risk of Disrupting Security”

SCFR Online – Opinion: The Makkah Pact, signed on August 7, 2026, between Saudi Arabia, Turkey, and Pakistan, is more than an answer to geopolitical vacuums; in practice, it faces a “deterrence dilemma” and “differing threat perception.” While this pact symbolizes a transition toward regional self-reliance, its first field tests and the complexities of relations with regional actors will determine its real meaning.

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