An Analysis of the Makkah Defense Pact
SCFR Online – Opinion: On Friday, August 7, the heads of state of three countries – Saudi Arabia, Turkey, and Pakistan – signed a text under the title “Makkah Joint Defense Agreement.”
SCFR Online – Opinion: On Friday, August 7, the heads of state of three countries – Saudi Arabia, Turkey, and Pakistan – signed a text under the title “Makkah Joint Defense Agreement.”
Strategic Council Online – Note: The initiative to revive the Hejaz Railway, beyond being a transportation project, constitutes an attempt to redefine geopolitics, the economy, and Turkey’s regional position; however, its realization appears to face significant financial, security, and institutional challenges.
SCFR Online – Opinion: The Strait of Hormuz crisis is no longer merely the consequence of a military confrontation, but rather a sign of the transition from the US-centered maritime order to a new energy security structure involving the participation of emerging and influential powers.
SCFR Online – Opinion: Iran’s active deterrence strategy, while increasing the costs of US intervention, has increasingly exposed the hidden rifts between Washington’s interests and those of the Israeli regime.
SCFR Online – Opinion: The escalation of verbal and strategic tensions between Turkey and the Israeli regime, although not increasing the likelihood of direct war, indicates the formation of a new order in West Asian geopolitical rivalries.
Strategic Council Online – Note: Recent developments in the political geography of West Asia, from rising tensions in the Persian Gulf to missile and drone activities in the Red Sea and the recent warning by Kaja Kallas, the European Union’s foreign policy chief, regarding the threat to freedom of navigation, indicate a key pattern shift; the US-Iran war has moved beyond the scope of a regional and local confrontation and has linked two vital passageways for the global economy: the Strait of Hormuz and the Bab el-Mandeb Strait.
SCFR Online – Opinion: The Ukraine war was not merely a European crisis, but rather the starting point for the rearrangement of the global balance of power and a shift in the strategic behavior of great powers.
SCFR Online – Opinion: Great power competition is now pursued more in trade, currency, technology, and global supply chains than on the battlefields of military confrontation.
Strategic Council Online – Interview: A university professor of the Kurdistan Region of Iraq, saying that the main difference between the two main parties of the Kurdistan Region is rooted in their power-seeking desire and the extent of their political domination, adding: Disputes such as the budget and control over disputed areas are the main difference the two main parties of Kurdistan have with the central government in Baghdad, and such deep differences do not seem to be easily resolved.
Strategic Council Online – At present, the US goal of maintaining presence in the Kurdish regions of Syria is to extract oil and gas, but the question is whether it is possible to implement this agreement and if so, how long will it continue, because the situation in the region is very sensitive and it cannot be assumed that if the Kurds dominate an area, they can use the resources and reserves there as they wish.
Reza Mirabian – Middle East Affairs Expert
Strategic Council Online: An international relations professor says the Americans have a number of plans to boost their presence in Iraqi Kurdistan. “America has come to the conclusion that it is more desirable for them to be in Iraqi Kurdistan than Baghdad and its green zone.”
SCFR Online – Opinion: On Friday, August 7, the heads of state of three countries – Saudi Arabia, Turkey, and Pakistan – signed a text under the title “Makkah Joint Defense Agreement.”
Strategic Council Online – Note: The initiative to revive the Hejaz Railway, beyond being a transportation project, constitutes an attempt to redefine geopolitics, the economy, and Turkey’s regional position; however, its realization appears to face significant financial, security, and institutional challenges.
SCFR Online – Opinion: The Strait of Hormuz crisis is no longer merely the consequence of a military confrontation, but rather a sign of the transition from the US-centered maritime order to a new energy security structure involving the participation of emerging and influential powers.
SCFR Online – Opinion: Iran’s active deterrence strategy, while increasing the costs of US intervention, has increasingly exposed the hidden rifts between Washington’s interests and those of the Israeli regime.
SCFR Online – Opinion: The escalation of verbal and strategic tensions between Turkey and the Israeli regime, although not increasing the likelihood of direct war, indicates the formation of a new order in West Asian geopolitical rivalries.
Strategic Council Online – Note: Recent developments in the political geography of West Asia, from rising tensions in the Persian Gulf to missile and drone activities in the Red Sea and the recent warning by Kaja Kallas, the European Union’s foreign policy chief, regarding the threat to freedom of navigation, indicate a key pattern shift; the US-Iran war has moved beyond the scope of a regional and local confrontation and has linked two vital passageways for the global economy: the Strait of Hormuz and the Bab el-Mandeb Strait.
SCFR Online – Opinion: The Ukraine war was not merely a European crisis, but rather the starting point for the rearrangement of the global balance of power and a shift in the strategic behavior of great powers.
SCFR Online – Opinion: Great power competition is now pursued more in trade, currency, technology, and global supply chains than on the battlefields of military confrontation.
Strategic Council Online – Interview: A university professor of the Kurdistan Region of Iraq, saying that the main difference between the two main parties of the Kurdistan Region is rooted in their power-seeking desire and the extent of their political domination, adding: Disputes such as the budget and control over disputed areas are the main difference the two main parties of Kurdistan have with the central government in Baghdad, and such deep differences do not seem to be easily resolved.
Strategic Council Online – At present, the US goal of maintaining presence in the Kurdish regions of Syria is to extract oil and gas, but the question is whether it is possible to implement this agreement and if so, how long will it continue, because the situation in the region is very sensitive and it cannot be assumed that if the Kurds dominate an area, they can use the resources and reserves there as they wish.
Reza Mirabian – Middle East Affairs Expert
Strategic Council Online: An international relations professor says the Americans have a number of plans to boost their presence in Iraqi Kurdistan. “America has come to the conclusion that it is more desirable for them to be in Iraqi Kurdistan than Baghdad and its green zone.”
Strategic Council Online – Interview: A university professor of the Kurdistan Region of Iraq, saying that the main difference between the two main parties of the Kurdistan Region is rooted in their power-seeking desire and the extent of their political domination, adding: Disputes such as the budget and control over disputed areas are the main difference the two main parties of Kurdistan have with the central government in Baghdad, and such deep differences do not seem to be easily resolved.
Strategic Council Online – At present, the US goal of maintaining presence in the Kurdish regions of Syria is to extract oil and gas, but the question is whether it is possible to implement this agreement and if so, how long will it continue, because the situation in the region is very sensitive and it cannot be assumed that if the Kurds dominate an area, they can use the resources and reserves there as they wish.
Reza Mirabian – Middle East Affairs Expert
Strategic Council Online: An international relations professor says the Americans have a number of plans to boost their presence in Iraqi Kurdistan. “America has come to the conclusion that it is more desirable for them to be in Iraqi Kurdistan than Baghdad and its green zone.”
SCFR Online – Opinion: On Friday, August 7, the heads of state of three countries – Saudi Arabia, Turkey, and Pakistan – signed a text under the title “Makkah Joint Defense Agreement.”
Strategic Council Online – Note: The initiative to revive the Hejaz Railway, beyond being a transportation project, constitutes an attempt to redefine geopolitics, the economy, and Turkey’s regional position; however, its realization appears to face significant financial, security, and institutional challenges.
SCFR Online – Opinion: The Strait of Hormuz crisis is no longer merely the consequence of a military confrontation, but rather a sign of the transition from the US-centered maritime order to a new energy security structure involving the participation of emerging and influential powers.
SCFR Online – Opinion: Iran’s active deterrence strategy, while increasing the costs of US intervention, has increasingly exposed the hidden rifts between Washington’s interests and those of the Israeli regime.
SCFR Online – Opinion: The escalation of verbal and strategic tensions between Turkey and the Israeli regime, although not increasing the likelihood of direct war, indicates the formation of a new order in West Asian geopolitical rivalries.
Strategic Council Online – Note: Recent developments in the political geography of West Asia, from rising tensions in the Persian Gulf to missile and drone activities in the Red Sea and the recent warning by Kaja Kallas, the European Union’s foreign policy chief, regarding the threat to freedom of navigation, indicate a key pattern shift; the US-Iran war has moved beyond the scope of a regional and local confrontation and has linked two vital passageways for the global economy: the Strait of Hormuz and the Bab el-Mandeb Strait.
SCFR Online – Opinion: The Ukraine war was not merely a European crisis, but rather the starting point for the rearrangement of the global balance of power and a shift in the strategic behavior of great powers.
SCFR Online – Opinion: Great power competition is now pursued more in trade, currency, technology, and global supply chains than on the battlefields of military confrontation.
Strategic Council Online – Interview: A university professor of the Kurdistan Region of Iraq, saying that the main difference between the two main parties of the Kurdistan Region is rooted in their power-seeking desire and the extent of their political domination, adding: Disputes such as the budget and control over disputed areas are the main difference the two main parties of Kurdistan have with the central government in Baghdad, and such deep differences do not seem to be easily resolved.
Strategic Council Online – At present, the US goal of maintaining presence in the Kurdish regions of Syria is to extract oil and gas, but the question is whether it is possible to implement this agreement and if so, how long will it continue, because the situation in the region is very sensitive and it cannot be assumed that if the Kurds dominate an area, they can use the resources and reserves there as they wish.
Reza Mirabian – Middle East Affairs Expert
Strategic Council Online: An international relations professor says the Americans have a number of plans to boost their presence in Iraqi Kurdistan. “America has come to the conclusion that it is more desirable for them to be in Iraqi Kurdistan than Baghdad and its green zone.”
SCFR Online – Opinion: On Friday, August 7, the heads of state of three countries – Saudi Arabia, Turkey, and Pakistan – signed a text under the title “Makkah Joint Defense Agreement.”
Strategic Council Online – Note: The initiative to revive the Hejaz Railway, beyond being a transportation project, constitutes an attempt to redefine geopolitics, the economy, and Turkey’s regional position; however, its realization appears to face significant financial, security, and institutional challenges.
SCFR Online – Opinion: The Strait of Hormuz crisis is no longer merely the consequence of a military confrontation, but rather a sign of the transition from the US-centered maritime order to a new energy security structure involving the participation of emerging and influential powers.
SCFR Online – Opinion: Iran’s active deterrence strategy, while increasing the costs of US intervention, has increasingly exposed the hidden rifts between Washington’s interests and those of the Israeli regime.
SCFR Online – Opinion: The escalation of verbal and strategic tensions between Turkey and the Israeli regime, although not increasing the likelihood of direct war, indicates the formation of a new order in West Asian geopolitical rivalries.
Strategic Council Online – Note: Recent developments in the political geography of West Asia, from rising tensions in the Persian Gulf to missile and drone activities in the Red Sea and the recent warning by Kaja Kallas, the European Union’s foreign policy chief, regarding the threat to freedom of navigation, indicate a key pattern shift; the US-Iran war has moved beyond the scope of a regional and local confrontation and has linked two vital passageways for the global economy: the Strait of Hormuz and the Bab el-Mandeb Strait.
SCFR Online – Opinion: The Ukraine war was not merely a European crisis, but rather the starting point for the rearrangement of the global balance of power and a shift in the strategic behavior of great powers.
SCFR Online – Opinion: Great power competition is now pursued more in trade, currency, technology, and global supply chains than on the battlefields of military confrontation.
Strategic Council Online – Interview: A university professor of the Kurdistan Region of Iraq, saying that the main difference between the two main parties of the Kurdistan Region is rooted in their power-seeking desire and the extent of their political domination, adding: Disputes such as the budget and control over disputed areas are the main difference the two main parties of Kurdistan have with the central government in Baghdad, and such deep differences do not seem to be easily resolved.
Strategic Council Online – At present, the US goal of maintaining presence in the Kurdish regions of Syria is to extract oil and gas, but the question is whether it is possible to implement this agreement and if so, how long will it continue, because the situation in the region is very sensitive and it cannot be assumed that if the Kurds dominate an area, they can use the resources and reserves there as they wish.
Reza Mirabian – Middle East Affairs Expert
Strategic Council Online: An international relations professor says the Americans have a number of plans to boost their presence in Iraqi Kurdistan. “America has come to the conclusion that it is more desirable for them to be in Iraqi Kurdistan than Baghdad and its green zone.”
SCFR Online – Opinion: On Friday, August 7, the heads of state of three countries – Saudi Arabia, Turkey, and Pakistan – signed a text under the title “Makkah Joint Defense Agreement.”
Strategic Council Online – Note: The initiative to revive the Hejaz Railway, beyond being a transportation project, constitutes an attempt to redefine geopolitics, the economy, and Turkey’s regional position; however, its realization appears to face significant financial, security, and institutional challenges.
SCFR Online – Opinion: The Strait of Hormuz crisis is no longer merely the consequence of a military confrontation, but rather a sign of the transition from the US-centered maritime order to a new energy security structure involving the participation of emerging and influential powers.
SCFR Online – Opinion: Iran’s active deterrence strategy, while increasing the costs of US intervention, has increasingly exposed the hidden rifts between Washington’s interests and those of the Israeli regime.
SCFR Online – Opinion: The escalation of verbal and strategic tensions between Turkey and the Israeli regime, although not increasing the likelihood of direct war, indicates the formation of a new order in West Asian geopolitical rivalries.
Strategic Council Online – Note: Recent developments in the political geography of West Asia, from rising tensions in the Persian Gulf to missile and drone activities in the Red Sea and the recent warning by Kaja Kallas, the European Union’s foreign policy chief, regarding the threat to freedom of navigation, indicate a key pattern shift; the US-Iran war has moved beyond the scope of a regional and local confrontation and has linked two vital passageways for the global economy: the Strait of Hormuz and the Bab el-Mandeb Strait.
SCFR Online – Opinion: The Ukraine war was not merely a European crisis, but rather the starting point for the rearrangement of the global balance of power and a shift in the strategic behavior of great powers.
SCFR Online – Opinion: Great power competition is now pursued more in trade, currency, technology, and global supply chains than on the battlefields of military confrontation.
Strategic Council Online – Interview: A university professor of the Kurdistan Region of Iraq, saying that the main difference between the two main parties of the Kurdistan Region is rooted in their power-seeking desire and the extent of their political domination, adding: Disputes such as the budget and control over disputed areas are the main difference the two main parties of Kurdistan have with the central government in Baghdad, and such deep differences do not seem to be easily resolved.
Strategic Council Online – At present, the US goal of maintaining presence in the Kurdish regions of Syria is to extract oil and gas, but the question is whether it is possible to implement this agreement and if so, how long will it continue, because the situation in the region is very sensitive and it cannot be assumed that if the Kurds dominate an area, they can use the resources and reserves there as they wish.
Reza Mirabian – Middle East Affairs Expert
Strategic Council Online: An international relations professor says the Americans have a number of plans to boost their presence in Iraqi Kurdistan. “America has come to the conclusion that it is more desirable for them to be in Iraqi Kurdistan than Baghdad and its green zone.”
SCFR Online – Opinion: On Friday, August 7, the heads of state of three countries – Saudi Arabia, Turkey, and Pakistan – signed a text under the title “Makkah Joint Defense Agreement.”
Strategic Council Online – Note: The initiative to revive the Hejaz Railway, beyond being a transportation project, constitutes an attempt to redefine geopolitics, the economy, and Turkey’s regional position; however, its realization appears to face significant financial, security, and institutional challenges.
SCFR Online – Opinion: The Strait of Hormuz crisis is no longer merely the consequence of a military confrontation, but rather a sign of the transition from the US-centered maritime order to a new energy security structure involving the participation of emerging and influential powers.
SCFR Online – Opinion: Iran’s active deterrence strategy, while increasing the costs of US intervention, has increasingly exposed the hidden rifts between Washington’s interests and those of the Israeli regime.
SCFR Online – Opinion: The escalation of verbal and strategic tensions between Turkey and the Israeli regime, although not increasing the likelihood of direct war, indicates the formation of a new order in West Asian geopolitical rivalries.
Strategic Council Online – Note: Recent developments in the political geography of West Asia, from rising tensions in the Persian Gulf to missile and drone activities in the Red Sea and the recent warning by Kaja Kallas, the European Union’s foreign policy chief, regarding the threat to freedom of navigation, indicate a key pattern shift; the US-Iran war has moved beyond the scope of a regional and local confrontation and has linked two vital passageways for the global economy: the Strait of Hormuz and the Bab el-Mandeb Strait.
SCFR Online – Opinion: The Ukraine war was not merely a European crisis, but rather the starting point for the rearrangement of the global balance of power and a shift in the strategic behavior of great powers.
SCFR Online – Opinion: Great power competition is now pursued more in trade, currency, technology, and global supply chains than on the battlefields of military confrontation.
Strategic Council Online – Interview: A university professor of the Kurdistan Region of Iraq, saying that the main difference between the two main parties of the Kurdistan Region is rooted in their power-seeking desire and the extent of their political domination, adding: Disputes such as the budget and control over disputed areas are the main difference the two main parties of Kurdistan have with the central government in Baghdad, and such deep differences do not seem to be easily resolved.
Strategic Council Online – At present, the US goal of maintaining presence in the Kurdish regions of Syria is to extract oil and gas, but the question is whether it is possible to implement this agreement and if so, how long will it continue, because the situation in the region is very sensitive and it cannot be assumed that if the Kurds dominate an area, they can use the resources and reserves there as they wish.
Reza Mirabian – Middle East Affairs Expert
Strategic Council Online: An international relations professor says the Americans have a number of plans to boost their presence in Iraqi Kurdistan. “America has come to the conclusion that it is more desirable for them to be in Iraqi Kurdistan than Baghdad and its green zone.”
SCFR Online – Opinion: On Friday, August 7, the heads of state of three countries – Saudi Arabia, Turkey, and Pakistan – signed a text under the title “Makkah Joint Defense Agreement.”
Strategic Council Online – Note: The initiative to revive the Hejaz Railway, beyond being a transportation project, constitutes an attempt to redefine geopolitics, the economy, and Turkey’s regional position; however, its realization appears to face significant financial, security, and institutional challenges.
SCFR Online – Opinion: The Strait of Hormuz crisis is no longer merely the consequence of a military confrontation, but rather a sign of the transition from the US-centered maritime order to a new energy security structure involving the participation of emerging and influential powers.
SCFR Online – Opinion: Iran’s active deterrence strategy, while increasing the costs of US intervention, has increasingly exposed the hidden rifts between Washington’s interests and those of the Israeli regime.
SCFR Online – Opinion: The escalation of verbal and strategic tensions between Turkey and the Israeli regime, although not increasing the likelihood of direct war, indicates the formation of a new order in West Asian geopolitical rivalries.
Strategic Council Online – Note: Recent developments in the political geography of West Asia, from rising tensions in the Persian Gulf to missile and drone activities in the Red Sea and the recent warning by Kaja Kallas, the European Union’s foreign policy chief, regarding the threat to freedom of navigation, indicate a key pattern shift; the US-Iran war has moved beyond the scope of a regional and local confrontation and has linked two vital passageways for the global economy: the Strait of Hormuz and the Bab el-Mandeb Strait.
SCFR Online – Opinion: The Ukraine war was not merely a European crisis, but rather the starting point for the rearrangement of the global balance of power and a shift in the strategic behavior of great powers.
SCFR Online – Opinion: Great power competition is now pursued more in trade, currency, technology, and global supply chains than on the battlefields of military confrontation.