An Analysis of the Makkah Defense Pact
SCFR Online – Opinion: On Friday, August 7, the heads of state of three countries – Saudi Arabia, Turkey, and Pakistan – signed a text under the title “Makkah Joint Defense Agreement.”
SCFR Online – Opinion: On Friday, August 7, the heads of state of three countries – Saudi Arabia, Turkey, and Pakistan – signed a text under the title “Makkah Joint Defense Agreement.”
Strategic Council Online – Note: The initiative to revive the Hejaz Railway, beyond being a transportation project, constitutes an attempt to redefine geopolitics, the economy, and Turkey’s regional position; however, its realization appears to face significant financial, security, and institutional challenges.
SCFR Online – Opinion: The Strait of Hormuz crisis is no longer merely the consequence of a military confrontation, but rather a sign of the transition from the US-centered maritime order to a new energy security structure involving the participation of emerging and influential powers.
SCFR Online – Opinion: Iran’s active deterrence strategy, while increasing the costs of US intervention, has increasingly exposed the hidden rifts between Washington’s interests and those of the Israeli regime.
SCFR Online – Opinion: The escalation of verbal and strategic tensions between Turkey and the Israeli regime, although not increasing the likelihood of direct war, indicates the formation of a new order in West Asian geopolitical rivalries.
Strategic Council Online – Note: Recent developments in the political geography of West Asia, from rising tensions in the Persian Gulf to missile and drone activities in the Red Sea and the recent warning by Kaja Kallas, the European Union’s foreign policy chief, regarding the threat to freedom of navigation, indicate a key pattern shift; the US-Iran war has moved beyond the scope of a regional and local confrontation and has linked two vital passageways for the global economy: the Strait of Hormuz and the Bab el-Mandeb Strait.
SCFR Online – Opinion: The Ukraine war was not merely a European crisis, but rather the starting point for the rearrangement of the global balance of power and a shift in the strategic behavior of great powers.
SCFR Online – Opinion: Great power competition is now pursued more in trade, currency, technology, and global supply chains than on the battlefields of military confrontation.
Strategic Council Online – Interview: An expert on African affairs emphasized: Developments in Burkina Faso, Niger, and Mali showed that the colonial power of France has weakened and the policies of the Macron government have failed to find a solution in Africa. Today, the Elysee Palace has concluded that they should reconsider their African policies and, as a result, even the European Union is forced to rethink their behavior and methods by examining the reasons for the failure of the policies of European countries in Africa.
Strategic Council Online – Opinion: In December, a several-day joint conference was held in Washington with the participation of 49 African countries. The purpose of this conference was to discuss common priorities as well as how to develop relations between the United States and African countries.
Hossein Sayyahi- Researcher on international politics
Strategic Council Online – Although the sources of vaccine production came from people who saw their aid as a donation to save humanity, but with Western governments taking control of these resources, they have been given the tools of power to determine “who should live and who should not.”
Abed Akbari – International Affairs Analyst
Strategic Council Online – A former ambassador and Middle East affairs analyst says the roadmap drawn by France is a clear interference in Lebanon’s internal affairs, adding that what France is proposing is completely contrary to the goals of changing the structure or the Lebanese-Lebanese talks. Mr. Macron has entered the Lebanese arena with the false hope that he can take effective measure in the interest of France.
Strategic Council Online – Explaining the reasons for the rise of anti-racism protests in Europe, a geopolitical professor said: “Trump’s hatred of Europe has spread, and even European officials wish such a president would not come to power again. People’s sentiments over the racist treatment of blacks by the US police have been hurt, and as long as they do not make an achievement these demonstrations would naturally continue.”
Strategic Council Online: An expert on Middle East affairs said that the beginning of the distortion of the name of the Persian Gulf is associated with the phenomenon of colonialism. “Certain Persian Gulf states and some other Arab countries in the region are still trying to change the name of the Persian Gulf by bribing some Arab and international media, but using a fake name will never overshadow the historical facts.
SCFR Online – Opinion: On Friday, August 7, the heads of state of three countries – Saudi Arabia, Turkey, and Pakistan – signed a text under the title “Makkah Joint Defense Agreement.”
Strategic Council Online – Note: The initiative to revive the Hejaz Railway, beyond being a transportation project, constitutes an attempt to redefine geopolitics, the economy, and Turkey’s regional position; however, its realization appears to face significant financial, security, and institutional challenges.
SCFR Online – Opinion: The Strait of Hormuz crisis is no longer merely the consequence of a military confrontation, but rather a sign of the transition from the US-centered maritime order to a new energy security structure involving the participation of emerging and influential powers.
SCFR Online – Opinion: Iran’s active deterrence strategy, while increasing the costs of US intervention, has increasingly exposed the hidden rifts between Washington’s interests and those of the Israeli regime.
SCFR Online – Opinion: The escalation of verbal and strategic tensions between Turkey and the Israeli regime, although not increasing the likelihood of direct war, indicates the formation of a new order in West Asian geopolitical rivalries.
Strategic Council Online – Note: Recent developments in the political geography of West Asia, from rising tensions in the Persian Gulf to missile and drone activities in the Red Sea and the recent warning by Kaja Kallas, the European Union’s foreign policy chief, regarding the threat to freedom of navigation, indicate a key pattern shift; the US-Iran war has moved beyond the scope of a regional and local confrontation and has linked two vital passageways for the global economy: the Strait of Hormuz and the Bab el-Mandeb Strait.
SCFR Online – Opinion: The Ukraine war was not merely a European crisis, but rather the starting point for the rearrangement of the global balance of power and a shift in the strategic behavior of great powers.
SCFR Online – Opinion: Great power competition is now pursued more in trade, currency, technology, and global supply chains than on the battlefields of military confrontation.
Strategic Council Online – Interview: An expert on African affairs emphasized: Developments in Burkina Faso, Niger, and Mali showed that the colonial power of France has weakened and the policies of the Macron government have failed to find a solution in Africa. Today, the Elysee Palace has concluded that they should reconsider their African policies and, as a result, even the European Union is forced to rethink their behavior and methods by examining the reasons for the failure of the policies of European countries in Africa.
Strategic Council Online – Opinion: In December, a several-day joint conference was held in Washington with the participation of 49 African countries. The purpose of this conference was to discuss common priorities as well as how to develop relations between the United States and African countries.
Hossein Sayyahi- Researcher on international politics
Strategic Council Online – Although the sources of vaccine production came from people who saw their aid as a donation to save humanity, but with Western governments taking control of these resources, they have been given the tools of power to determine “who should live and who should not.”
Abed Akbari – International Affairs Analyst
Strategic Council Online – A former ambassador and Middle East affairs analyst says the roadmap drawn by France is a clear interference in Lebanon’s internal affairs, adding that what France is proposing is completely contrary to the goals of changing the structure or the Lebanese-Lebanese talks. Mr. Macron has entered the Lebanese arena with the false hope that he can take effective measure in the interest of France.
Strategic Council Online – Explaining the reasons for the rise of anti-racism protests in Europe, a geopolitical professor said: “Trump’s hatred of Europe has spread, and even European officials wish such a president would not come to power again. People’s sentiments over the racist treatment of blacks by the US police have been hurt, and as long as they do not make an achievement these demonstrations would naturally continue.”
Strategic Council Online: An expert on Middle East affairs said that the beginning of the distortion of the name of the Persian Gulf is associated with the phenomenon of colonialism. “Certain Persian Gulf states and some other Arab countries in the region are still trying to change the name of the Persian Gulf by bribing some Arab and international media, but using a fake name will never overshadow the historical facts.
Strategic Council Online – Interview: An expert on African affairs emphasized: Developments in Burkina Faso, Niger, and Mali showed that the colonial power of France has weakened and the policies of the Macron government have failed to find a solution in Africa. Today, the Elysee Palace has concluded that they should reconsider their African policies and, as a result, even the European Union is forced to rethink their behavior and methods by examining the reasons for the failure of the policies of European countries in Africa.
Strategic Council Online – Opinion: In December, a several-day joint conference was held in Washington with the participation of 49 African countries. The purpose of this conference was to discuss common priorities as well as how to develop relations between the United States and African countries.
Hossein Sayyahi- Researcher on international politics
Strategic Council Online – Although the sources of vaccine production came from people who saw their aid as a donation to save humanity, but with Western governments taking control of these resources, they have been given the tools of power to determine “who should live and who should not.”
Abed Akbari – International Affairs Analyst
Strategic Council Online – A former ambassador and Middle East affairs analyst says the roadmap drawn by France is a clear interference in Lebanon’s internal affairs, adding that what France is proposing is completely contrary to the goals of changing the structure or the Lebanese-Lebanese talks. Mr. Macron has entered the Lebanese arena with the false hope that he can take effective measure in the interest of France.
Strategic Council Online – Explaining the reasons for the rise of anti-racism protests in Europe, a geopolitical professor said: “Trump’s hatred of Europe has spread, and even European officials wish such a president would not come to power again. People’s sentiments over the racist treatment of blacks by the US police have been hurt, and as long as they do not make an achievement these demonstrations would naturally continue.”
Strategic Council Online: An expert on Middle East affairs said that the beginning of the distortion of the name of the Persian Gulf is associated with the phenomenon of colonialism. “Certain Persian Gulf states and some other Arab countries in the region are still trying to change the name of the Persian Gulf by bribing some Arab and international media, but using a fake name will never overshadow the historical facts.
SCFR Online – Opinion: On Friday, August 7, the heads of state of three countries – Saudi Arabia, Turkey, and Pakistan – signed a text under the title “Makkah Joint Defense Agreement.”
Strategic Council Online – Note: The initiative to revive the Hejaz Railway, beyond being a transportation project, constitutes an attempt to redefine geopolitics, the economy, and Turkey’s regional position; however, its realization appears to face significant financial, security, and institutional challenges.
SCFR Online – Opinion: The Strait of Hormuz crisis is no longer merely the consequence of a military confrontation, but rather a sign of the transition from the US-centered maritime order to a new energy security structure involving the participation of emerging and influential powers.
SCFR Online – Opinion: Iran’s active deterrence strategy, while increasing the costs of US intervention, has increasingly exposed the hidden rifts between Washington’s interests and those of the Israeli regime.
SCFR Online – Opinion: The escalation of verbal and strategic tensions between Turkey and the Israeli regime, although not increasing the likelihood of direct war, indicates the formation of a new order in West Asian geopolitical rivalries.
Strategic Council Online – Note: Recent developments in the political geography of West Asia, from rising tensions in the Persian Gulf to missile and drone activities in the Red Sea and the recent warning by Kaja Kallas, the European Union’s foreign policy chief, regarding the threat to freedom of navigation, indicate a key pattern shift; the US-Iran war has moved beyond the scope of a regional and local confrontation and has linked two vital passageways for the global economy: the Strait of Hormuz and the Bab el-Mandeb Strait.
SCFR Online – Opinion: The Ukraine war was not merely a European crisis, but rather the starting point for the rearrangement of the global balance of power and a shift in the strategic behavior of great powers.
SCFR Online – Opinion: Great power competition is now pursued more in trade, currency, technology, and global supply chains than on the battlefields of military confrontation.
Strategic Council Online – Interview: An expert on African affairs emphasized: Developments in Burkina Faso, Niger, and Mali showed that the colonial power of France has weakened and the policies of the Macron government have failed to find a solution in Africa. Today, the Elysee Palace has concluded that they should reconsider their African policies and, as a result, even the European Union is forced to rethink their behavior and methods by examining the reasons for the failure of the policies of European countries in Africa.
Strategic Council Online – Opinion: In December, a several-day joint conference was held in Washington with the participation of 49 African countries. The purpose of this conference was to discuss common priorities as well as how to develop relations between the United States and African countries.
Hossein Sayyahi- Researcher on international politics
Strategic Council Online – Although the sources of vaccine production came from people who saw their aid as a donation to save humanity, but with Western governments taking control of these resources, they have been given the tools of power to determine “who should live and who should not.”
Abed Akbari – International Affairs Analyst
Strategic Council Online – A former ambassador and Middle East affairs analyst says the roadmap drawn by France is a clear interference in Lebanon’s internal affairs, adding that what France is proposing is completely contrary to the goals of changing the structure or the Lebanese-Lebanese talks. Mr. Macron has entered the Lebanese arena with the false hope that he can take effective measure in the interest of France.
Strategic Council Online – Explaining the reasons for the rise of anti-racism protests in Europe, a geopolitical professor said: “Trump’s hatred of Europe has spread, and even European officials wish such a president would not come to power again. People’s sentiments over the racist treatment of blacks by the US police have been hurt, and as long as they do not make an achievement these demonstrations would naturally continue.”
Strategic Council Online: An expert on Middle East affairs said that the beginning of the distortion of the name of the Persian Gulf is associated with the phenomenon of colonialism. “Certain Persian Gulf states and some other Arab countries in the region are still trying to change the name of the Persian Gulf by bribing some Arab and international media, but using a fake name will never overshadow the historical facts.
SCFR Online – Opinion: On Friday, August 7, the heads of state of three countries – Saudi Arabia, Turkey, and Pakistan – signed a text under the title “Makkah Joint Defense Agreement.”
Strategic Council Online – Note: The initiative to revive the Hejaz Railway, beyond being a transportation project, constitutes an attempt to redefine geopolitics, the economy, and Turkey’s regional position; however, its realization appears to face significant financial, security, and institutional challenges.
SCFR Online – Opinion: The Strait of Hormuz crisis is no longer merely the consequence of a military confrontation, but rather a sign of the transition from the US-centered maritime order to a new energy security structure involving the participation of emerging and influential powers.
SCFR Online – Opinion: Iran’s active deterrence strategy, while increasing the costs of US intervention, has increasingly exposed the hidden rifts between Washington’s interests and those of the Israeli regime.
SCFR Online – Opinion: The escalation of verbal and strategic tensions between Turkey and the Israeli regime, although not increasing the likelihood of direct war, indicates the formation of a new order in West Asian geopolitical rivalries.
Strategic Council Online – Note: Recent developments in the political geography of West Asia, from rising tensions in the Persian Gulf to missile and drone activities in the Red Sea and the recent warning by Kaja Kallas, the European Union’s foreign policy chief, regarding the threat to freedom of navigation, indicate a key pattern shift; the US-Iran war has moved beyond the scope of a regional and local confrontation and has linked two vital passageways for the global economy: the Strait of Hormuz and the Bab el-Mandeb Strait.
SCFR Online – Opinion: The Ukraine war was not merely a European crisis, but rather the starting point for the rearrangement of the global balance of power and a shift in the strategic behavior of great powers.
SCFR Online – Opinion: Great power competition is now pursued more in trade, currency, technology, and global supply chains than on the battlefields of military confrontation.
Strategic Council Online – Interview: An expert on African affairs emphasized: Developments in Burkina Faso, Niger, and Mali showed that the colonial power of France has weakened and the policies of the Macron government have failed to find a solution in Africa. Today, the Elysee Palace has concluded that they should reconsider their African policies and, as a result, even the European Union is forced to rethink their behavior and methods by examining the reasons for the failure of the policies of European countries in Africa.
Strategic Council Online – Opinion: In December, a several-day joint conference was held in Washington with the participation of 49 African countries. The purpose of this conference was to discuss common priorities as well as how to develop relations between the United States and African countries.
Hossein Sayyahi- Researcher on international politics
Strategic Council Online – Although the sources of vaccine production came from people who saw their aid as a donation to save humanity, but with Western governments taking control of these resources, they have been given the tools of power to determine “who should live and who should not.”
Abed Akbari – International Affairs Analyst
Strategic Council Online – A former ambassador and Middle East affairs analyst says the roadmap drawn by France is a clear interference in Lebanon’s internal affairs, adding that what France is proposing is completely contrary to the goals of changing the structure or the Lebanese-Lebanese talks. Mr. Macron has entered the Lebanese arena with the false hope that he can take effective measure in the interest of France.
Strategic Council Online – Explaining the reasons for the rise of anti-racism protests in Europe, a geopolitical professor said: “Trump’s hatred of Europe has spread, and even European officials wish such a president would not come to power again. People’s sentiments over the racist treatment of blacks by the US police have been hurt, and as long as they do not make an achievement these demonstrations would naturally continue.”
Strategic Council Online: An expert on Middle East affairs said that the beginning of the distortion of the name of the Persian Gulf is associated with the phenomenon of colonialism. “Certain Persian Gulf states and some other Arab countries in the region are still trying to change the name of the Persian Gulf by bribing some Arab and international media, but using a fake name will never overshadow the historical facts.
SCFR Online – Opinion: On Friday, August 7, the heads of state of three countries – Saudi Arabia, Turkey, and Pakistan – signed a text under the title “Makkah Joint Defense Agreement.”
Strategic Council Online – Note: The initiative to revive the Hejaz Railway, beyond being a transportation project, constitutes an attempt to redefine geopolitics, the economy, and Turkey’s regional position; however, its realization appears to face significant financial, security, and institutional challenges.
SCFR Online – Opinion: The Strait of Hormuz crisis is no longer merely the consequence of a military confrontation, but rather a sign of the transition from the US-centered maritime order to a new energy security structure involving the participation of emerging and influential powers.
SCFR Online – Opinion: Iran’s active deterrence strategy, while increasing the costs of US intervention, has increasingly exposed the hidden rifts between Washington’s interests and those of the Israeli regime.
SCFR Online – Opinion: The escalation of verbal and strategic tensions between Turkey and the Israeli regime, although not increasing the likelihood of direct war, indicates the formation of a new order in West Asian geopolitical rivalries.
Strategic Council Online – Note: Recent developments in the political geography of West Asia, from rising tensions in the Persian Gulf to missile and drone activities in the Red Sea and the recent warning by Kaja Kallas, the European Union’s foreign policy chief, regarding the threat to freedom of navigation, indicate a key pattern shift; the US-Iran war has moved beyond the scope of a regional and local confrontation and has linked two vital passageways for the global economy: the Strait of Hormuz and the Bab el-Mandeb Strait.
SCFR Online – Opinion: The Ukraine war was not merely a European crisis, but rather the starting point for the rearrangement of the global balance of power and a shift in the strategic behavior of great powers.
SCFR Online – Opinion: Great power competition is now pursued more in trade, currency, technology, and global supply chains than on the battlefields of military confrontation.
Strategic Council Online – Interview: An expert on African affairs emphasized: Developments in Burkina Faso, Niger, and Mali showed that the colonial power of France has weakened and the policies of the Macron government have failed to find a solution in Africa. Today, the Elysee Palace has concluded that they should reconsider their African policies and, as a result, even the European Union is forced to rethink their behavior and methods by examining the reasons for the failure of the policies of European countries in Africa.
Strategic Council Online – Opinion: In December, a several-day joint conference was held in Washington with the participation of 49 African countries. The purpose of this conference was to discuss common priorities as well as how to develop relations between the United States and African countries.
Hossein Sayyahi- Researcher on international politics
Strategic Council Online – Although the sources of vaccine production came from people who saw their aid as a donation to save humanity, but with Western governments taking control of these resources, they have been given the tools of power to determine “who should live and who should not.”
Abed Akbari – International Affairs Analyst
Strategic Council Online – A former ambassador and Middle East affairs analyst says the roadmap drawn by France is a clear interference in Lebanon’s internal affairs, adding that what France is proposing is completely contrary to the goals of changing the structure or the Lebanese-Lebanese talks. Mr. Macron has entered the Lebanese arena with the false hope that he can take effective measure in the interest of France.
Strategic Council Online – Explaining the reasons for the rise of anti-racism protests in Europe, a geopolitical professor said: “Trump’s hatred of Europe has spread, and even European officials wish such a president would not come to power again. People’s sentiments over the racist treatment of blacks by the US police have been hurt, and as long as they do not make an achievement these demonstrations would naturally continue.”
Strategic Council Online: An expert on Middle East affairs said that the beginning of the distortion of the name of the Persian Gulf is associated with the phenomenon of colonialism. “Certain Persian Gulf states and some other Arab countries in the region are still trying to change the name of the Persian Gulf by bribing some Arab and international media, but using a fake name will never overshadow the historical facts.
SCFR Online – Opinion: On Friday, August 7, the heads of state of three countries – Saudi Arabia, Turkey, and Pakistan – signed a text under the title “Makkah Joint Defense Agreement.”
Strategic Council Online – Note: The initiative to revive the Hejaz Railway, beyond being a transportation project, constitutes an attempt to redefine geopolitics, the economy, and Turkey’s regional position; however, its realization appears to face significant financial, security, and institutional challenges.
SCFR Online – Opinion: The Strait of Hormuz crisis is no longer merely the consequence of a military confrontation, but rather a sign of the transition from the US-centered maritime order to a new energy security structure involving the participation of emerging and influential powers.
SCFR Online – Opinion: Iran’s active deterrence strategy, while increasing the costs of US intervention, has increasingly exposed the hidden rifts between Washington’s interests and those of the Israeli regime.
SCFR Online – Opinion: The escalation of verbal and strategic tensions between Turkey and the Israeli regime, although not increasing the likelihood of direct war, indicates the formation of a new order in West Asian geopolitical rivalries.
Strategic Council Online – Note: Recent developments in the political geography of West Asia, from rising tensions in the Persian Gulf to missile and drone activities in the Red Sea and the recent warning by Kaja Kallas, the European Union’s foreign policy chief, regarding the threat to freedom of navigation, indicate a key pattern shift; the US-Iran war has moved beyond the scope of a regional and local confrontation and has linked two vital passageways for the global economy: the Strait of Hormuz and the Bab el-Mandeb Strait.
SCFR Online – Opinion: The Ukraine war was not merely a European crisis, but rather the starting point for the rearrangement of the global balance of power and a shift in the strategic behavior of great powers.
SCFR Online – Opinion: Great power competition is now pursued more in trade, currency, technology, and global supply chains than on the battlefields of military confrontation.
Strategic Council Online – Interview: An expert on African affairs emphasized: Developments in Burkina Faso, Niger, and Mali showed that the colonial power of France has weakened and the policies of the Macron government have failed to find a solution in Africa. Today, the Elysee Palace has concluded that they should reconsider their African policies and, as a result, even the European Union is forced to rethink their behavior and methods by examining the reasons for the failure of the policies of European countries in Africa.
Strategic Council Online – Opinion: In December, a several-day joint conference was held in Washington with the participation of 49 African countries. The purpose of this conference was to discuss common priorities as well as how to develop relations between the United States and African countries.
Hossein Sayyahi- Researcher on international politics
Strategic Council Online – Although the sources of vaccine production came from people who saw their aid as a donation to save humanity, but with Western governments taking control of these resources, they have been given the tools of power to determine “who should live and who should not.”
Abed Akbari – International Affairs Analyst
Strategic Council Online – A former ambassador and Middle East affairs analyst says the roadmap drawn by France is a clear interference in Lebanon’s internal affairs, adding that what France is proposing is completely contrary to the goals of changing the structure or the Lebanese-Lebanese talks. Mr. Macron has entered the Lebanese arena with the false hope that he can take effective measure in the interest of France.
Strategic Council Online – Explaining the reasons for the rise of anti-racism protests in Europe, a geopolitical professor said: “Trump’s hatred of Europe has spread, and even European officials wish such a president would not come to power again. People’s sentiments over the racist treatment of blacks by the US police have been hurt, and as long as they do not make an achievement these demonstrations would naturally continue.”
Strategic Council Online: An expert on Middle East affairs said that the beginning of the distortion of the name of the Persian Gulf is associated with the phenomenon of colonialism. “Certain Persian Gulf states and some other Arab countries in the region are still trying to change the name of the Persian Gulf by bribing some Arab and international media, but using a fake name will never overshadow the historical facts.
SCFR Online – Opinion: On Friday, August 7, the heads of state of three countries – Saudi Arabia, Turkey, and Pakistan – signed a text under the title “Makkah Joint Defense Agreement.”
Strategic Council Online – Note: The initiative to revive the Hejaz Railway, beyond being a transportation project, constitutes an attempt to redefine geopolitics, the economy, and Turkey’s regional position; however, its realization appears to face significant financial, security, and institutional challenges.
SCFR Online – Opinion: The Strait of Hormuz crisis is no longer merely the consequence of a military confrontation, but rather a sign of the transition from the US-centered maritime order to a new energy security structure involving the participation of emerging and influential powers.
SCFR Online – Opinion: Iran’s active deterrence strategy, while increasing the costs of US intervention, has increasingly exposed the hidden rifts between Washington’s interests and those of the Israeli regime.
SCFR Online – Opinion: The escalation of verbal and strategic tensions between Turkey and the Israeli regime, although not increasing the likelihood of direct war, indicates the formation of a new order in West Asian geopolitical rivalries.
Strategic Council Online – Note: Recent developments in the political geography of West Asia, from rising tensions in the Persian Gulf to missile and drone activities in the Red Sea and the recent warning by Kaja Kallas, the European Union’s foreign policy chief, regarding the threat to freedom of navigation, indicate a key pattern shift; the US-Iran war has moved beyond the scope of a regional and local confrontation and has linked two vital passageways for the global economy: the Strait of Hormuz and the Bab el-Mandeb Strait.
SCFR Online – Opinion: The Ukraine war was not merely a European crisis, but rather the starting point for the rearrangement of the global balance of power and a shift in the strategic behavior of great powers.
SCFR Online – Opinion: Great power competition is now pursued more in trade, currency, technology, and global supply chains than on the battlefields of military confrontation.