جدیدترین مطالب

An Analysis of the Makkah Defense Pact

SCFR Online – Opinion: On Friday, August 7, the heads of state of three countries – Saudi Arabia, Turkey, and Pakistan – signed a text under the title “Makkah Joint Defense Agreement.”

Dimensions and challenges of the initiative to revive the Hejaz Railway

Strategic Council Online – Note: The initiative to revive the Hejaz Railway, beyond being a transportation project, constitutes an attempt to redefine geopolitics, the economy, and Turkey’s regional position; however, its realization appears to face significant financial, security, and institutional challenges.

Balancing in the chain of chokepoints; from sea-based deterrence to pluralistic diplomacy

Strategic Council Online – Note: Recent developments in the political geography of West Asia, from rising tensions in the Persian Gulf to missile and drone activities in the Red Sea and the recent warning by Kaja Kallas, the European Union’s foreign policy chief, regarding the threat to freedom of navigation, indicate a key pattern shift; the US-Iran war has moved beyond the scope of a regional and local confrontation and has linked two vital passageways for the global economy: the Strait of Hormuz and the Bab el-Mandeb Strait.

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Colonialism

Analysis of Causes of Chain Coups in Africa

Analysis of Causes of Chain Coups in Africa

Strategic Council Online – Interview: An expert on African affairs emphasized: Developments in Burkina Faso, Niger, and Mali showed that the colonial power of France has weakened and the policies of the Macron government have failed to find a solution in Africa. Today, the Elysee Palace has concluded that they should reconsider their African policies and, as a result, even the European Union is forced to rethink their behavior and methods by examining the reasons for the failure of the policies of European countries in Africa.

Africa, Field of US-China Geopolitical Rivalry

Africa, Field of US-China Geopolitical Rivalry

Strategic Council Online – Opinion: In December, a several-day joint conference was held in Washington with the participation of 49 African countries. The purpose of this conference was to discuss common priorities as well as how to develop relations between the United States and African countries.
Hossein Sayyahi- Researcher on international politics

Corona Vaccine & World Powers Monopolistic & Discriminatory Strategy

Corona Vaccine & World Powers Monopolistic & Discriminatory Strategy

Strategic Council Online – Although the sources of vaccine production came from people who saw their aid as a donation to save humanity, but with Western governments taking control of these resources, they have been given the tools of power to determine “who should live and who should not.”
Abed Akbari – International Affairs Analyst

France Making Attempts to Regain Colonial Role in Lebanon

France Making Attempts to Regain Colonial Role in Lebanon

Strategic Council Online – A former ambassador and Middle East affairs analyst says the roadmap drawn by France is a clear interference in Lebanon’s internal affairs, adding that what France is proposing is completely contrary to the goals of changing the structure or the Lebanese-Lebanese talks. Mr. Macron has entered the Lebanese arena with the false hope that he can take effective measure in the interest of France.

Objectives & Reasons for Anti-Racist Protests in Europe

Objectives & Reasons for Anti-Racist Protests in Europe

Strategic Council Online – Explaining the reasons for the rise of anti-racism protests in Europe, a geopolitical professor said: “Trump’s hatred of Europe has spread, and even European officials wish such a president would not come to power again. People’s sentiments over the racist treatment of blacks by the US police have been hurt, and as long as they do not make an achievement these demonstrations would naturally continue.”

Persian Gulf National Day; Manifestation of Iranian Solidarity & Identity

Persian Gulf National Day; Manifestation of Iranian Solidarity & Identity

Strategic Council Online: An expert on Middle East affairs said that the beginning of the distortion of the name of the Persian Gulf is associated with the phenomenon of colonialism. “Certain Persian Gulf states and some other Arab countries in the region are still trying to change the name of the Persian Gulf by bribing some Arab and international media, but using a fake name will never overshadow the historical facts.

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An Analysis of the Makkah Defense Pact

SCFR Online – Opinion: On Friday, August 7, the heads of state of three countries – Saudi Arabia, Turkey, and Pakistan – signed a text under the title “Makkah Joint Defense Agreement.”

Dimensions and challenges of the initiative to revive the Hejaz Railway

Strategic Council Online – Note: The initiative to revive the Hejaz Railway, beyond being a transportation project, constitutes an attempt to redefine geopolitics, the economy, and Turkey’s regional position; however, its realization appears to face significant financial, security, and institutional challenges.

Balancing in the chain of chokepoints; from sea-based deterrence to pluralistic diplomacy

Strategic Council Online – Note: Recent developments in the political geography of West Asia, from rising tensions in the Persian Gulf to missile and drone activities in the Red Sea and the recent warning by Kaja Kallas, the European Union’s foreign policy chief, regarding the threat to freedom of navigation, indicate a key pattern shift; the US-Iran war has moved beyond the scope of a regional and local confrontation and has linked two vital passageways for the global economy: the Strait of Hormuz and the Bab el-Mandeb Strait.

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Colonialism

Analysis of Causes of Chain Coups in Africa

Analysis of Causes of Chain Coups in Africa

Strategic Council Online – Interview: An expert on African affairs emphasized: Developments in Burkina Faso, Niger, and Mali showed that the colonial power of France has weakened and the policies of the Macron government have failed to find a solution in Africa. Today, the Elysee Palace has concluded that they should reconsider their African policies and, as a result, even the European Union is forced to rethink their behavior and methods by examining the reasons for the failure of the policies of European countries in Africa.

Africa, Field of US-China Geopolitical Rivalry

Africa, Field of US-China Geopolitical Rivalry

Strategic Council Online – Opinion: In December, a several-day joint conference was held in Washington with the participation of 49 African countries. The purpose of this conference was to discuss common priorities as well as how to develop relations between the United States and African countries.
Hossein Sayyahi- Researcher on international politics

Corona Vaccine & World Powers Monopolistic & Discriminatory Strategy

Corona Vaccine & World Powers Monopolistic & Discriminatory Strategy

Strategic Council Online – Although the sources of vaccine production came from people who saw their aid as a donation to save humanity, but with Western governments taking control of these resources, they have been given the tools of power to determine “who should live and who should not.”
Abed Akbari – International Affairs Analyst

France Making Attempts to Regain Colonial Role in Lebanon

France Making Attempts to Regain Colonial Role in Lebanon

Strategic Council Online – A former ambassador and Middle East affairs analyst says the roadmap drawn by France is a clear interference in Lebanon’s internal affairs, adding that what France is proposing is completely contrary to the goals of changing the structure or the Lebanese-Lebanese talks. Mr. Macron has entered the Lebanese arena with the false hope that he can take effective measure in the interest of France.

Objectives & Reasons for Anti-Racist Protests in Europe

Objectives & Reasons for Anti-Racist Protests in Europe

Strategic Council Online – Explaining the reasons for the rise of anti-racism protests in Europe, a geopolitical professor said: “Trump’s hatred of Europe has spread, and even European officials wish such a president would not come to power again. People’s sentiments over the racist treatment of blacks by the US police have been hurt, and as long as they do not make an achievement these demonstrations would naturally continue.”

Persian Gulf National Day; Manifestation of Iranian Solidarity & Identity

Persian Gulf National Day; Manifestation of Iranian Solidarity & Identity

Strategic Council Online: An expert on Middle East affairs said that the beginning of the distortion of the name of the Persian Gulf is associated with the phenomenon of colonialism. “Certain Persian Gulf states and some other Arab countries in the region are still trying to change the name of the Persian Gulf by bribing some Arab and international media, but using a fake name will never overshadow the historical facts.

Colonialism

Analysis of Causes of Chain Coups in Africa

Analysis of Causes of Chain Coups in Africa

Strategic Council Online – Interview: An expert on African affairs emphasized: Developments in Burkina Faso, Niger, and Mali showed that the colonial power of France has weakened and the policies of the Macron government have failed to find a solution in Africa. Today, the Elysee Palace has concluded that they should reconsider their African policies and, as a result, even the European Union is forced to rethink their behavior and methods by examining the reasons for the failure of the policies of European countries in Africa.

Africa, Field of US-China Geopolitical Rivalry

Africa, Field of US-China Geopolitical Rivalry

Strategic Council Online – Opinion: In December, a several-day joint conference was held in Washington with the participation of 49 African countries. The purpose of this conference was to discuss common priorities as well as how to develop relations between the United States and African countries.
Hossein Sayyahi- Researcher on international politics

Corona Vaccine & World Powers Monopolistic & Discriminatory Strategy

Corona Vaccine & World Powers Monopolistic & Discriminatory Strategy

Strategic Council Online – Although the sources of vaccine production came from people who saw their aid as a donation to save humanity, but with Western governments taking control of these resources, they have been given the tools of power to determine “who should live and who should not.”
Abed Akbari – International Affairs Analyst

France Making Attempts to Regain Colonial Role in Lebanon

France Making Attempts to Regain Colonial Role in Lebanon

Strategic Council Online – A former ambassador and Middle East affairs analyst says the roadmap drawn by France is a clear interference in Lebanon’s internal affairs, adding that what France is proposing is completely contrary to the goals of changing the structure or the Lebanese-Lebanese talks. Mr. Macron has entered the Lebanese arena with the false hope that he can take effective measure in the interest of France.

Objectives & Reasons for Anti-Racist Protests in Europe

Objectives & Reasons for Anti-Racist Protests in Europe

Strategic Council Online – Explaining the reasons for the rise of anti-racism protests in Europe, a geopolitical professor said: “Trump’s hatred of Europe has spread, and even European officials wish such a president would not come to power again. People’s sentiments over the racist treatment of blacks by the US police have been hurt, and as long as they do not make an achievement these demonstrations would naturally continue.”

Persian Gulf National Day; Manifestation of Iranian Solidarity & Identity

Persian Gulf National Day; Manifestation of Iranian Solidarity & Identity

Strategic Council Online: An expert on Middle East affairs said that the beginning of the distortion of the name of the Persian Gulf is associated with the phenomenon of colonialism. “Certain Persian Gulf states and some other Arab countries in the region are still trying to change the name of the Persian Gulf by bribing some Arab and international media, but using a fake name will never overshadow the historical facts.

LATEST CONTENT

An Analysis of the Makkah Defense Pact

SCFR Online – Opinion: On Friday, August 7, the heads of state of three countries – Saudi Arabia, Turkey, and Pakistan – signed a text under the title “Makkah Joint Defense Agreement.”

Dimensions and challenges of the initiative to revive the Hejaz Railway

Strategic Council Online – Note: The initiative to revive the Hejaz Railway, beyond being a transportation project, constitutes an attempt to redefine geopolitics, the economy, and Turkey’s regional position; however, its realization appears to face significant financial, security, and institutional challenges.

Balancing in the chain of chokepoints; from sea-based deterrence to pluralistic diplomacy

Strategic Council Online – Note: Recent developments in the political geography of West Asia, from rising tensions in the Persian Gulf to missile and drone activities in the Red Sea and the recent warning by Kaja Kallas, the European Union’s foreign policy chief, regarding the threat to freedom of navigation, indicate a key pattern shift; the US-Iran war has moved beyond the scope of a regional and local confrontation and has linked two vital passageways for the global economy: the Strait of Hormuz and the Bab el-Mandeb Strait.

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Colonialism

Analysis of Causes of Chain Coups in Africa

Analysis of Causes of Chain Coups in Africa

Strategic Council Online – Interview: An expert on African affairs emphasized: Developments in Burkina Faso, Niger, and Mali showed that the colonial power of France has weakened and the policies of the Macron government have failed to find a solution in Africa. Today, the Elysee Palace has concluded that they should reconsider their African policies and, as a result, even the European Union is forced to rethink their behavior and methods by examining the reasons for the failure of the policies of European countries in Africa.

Africa, Field of US-China Geopolitical Rivalry

Africa, Field of US-China Geopolitical Rivalry

Strategic Council Online – Opinion: In December, a several-day joint conference was held in Washington with the participation of 49 African countries. The purpose of this conference was to discuss common priorities as well as how to develop relations between the United States and African countries.
Hossein Sayyahi- Researcher on international politics

Corona Vaccine & World Powers Monopolistic & Discriminatory Strategy

Corona Vaccine & World Powers Monopolistic & Discriminatory Strategy

Strategic Council Online – Although the sources of vaccine production came from people who saw their aid as a donation to save humanity, but with Western governments taking control of these resources, they have been given the tools of power to determine “who should live and who should not.”
Abed Akbari – International Affairs Analyst

France Making Attempts to Regain Colonial Role in Lebanon

France Making Attempts to Regain Colonial Role in Lebanon

Strategic Council Online – A former ambassador and Middle East affairs analyst says the roadmap drawn by France is a clear interference in Lebanon’s internal affairs, adding that what France is proposing is completely contrary to the goals of changing the structure or the Lebanese-Lebanese talks. Mr. Macron has entered the Lebanese arena with the false hope that he can take effective measure in the interest of France.

Objectives & Reasons for Anti-Racist Protests in Europe

Objectives & Reasons for Anti-Racist Protests in Europe

Strategic Council Online – Explaining the reasons for the rise of anti-racism protests in Europe, a geopolitical professor said: “Trump’s hatred of Europe has spread, and even European officials wish such a president would not come to power again. People’s sentiments over the racist treatment of blacks by the US police have been hurt, and as long as they do not make an achievement these demonstrations would naturally continue.”

Persian Gulf National Day; Manifestation of Iranian Solidarity & Identity

Persian Gulf National Day; Manifestation of Iranian Solidarity & Identity

Strategic Council Online: An expert on Middle East affairs said that the beginning of the distortion of the name of the Persian Gulf is associated with the phenomenon of colonialism. “Certain Persian Gulf states and some other Arab countries in the region are still trying to change the name of the Persian Gulf by bribing some Arab and international media, but using a fake name will never overshadow the historical facts.

ÚLTIMAS PUBLICACIONES

An Analysis of the Makkah Defense Pact

SCFR Online – Opinion: On Friday, August 7, the heads of state of three countries – Saudi Arabia, Turkey, and Pakistan – signed a text under the title “Makkah Joint Defense Agreement.”

Dimensions and challenges of the initiative to revive the Hejaz Railway

Strategic Council Online – Note: The initiative to revive the Hejaz Railway, beyond being a transportation project, constitutes an attempt to redefine geopolitics, the economy, and Turkey’s regional position; however, its realization appears to face significant financial, security, and institutional challenges.

Balancing in the chain of chokepoints; from sea-based deterrence to pluralistic diplomacy

Strategic Council Online – Note: Recent developments in the political geography of West Asia, from rising tensions in the Persian Gulf to missile and drone activities in the Red Sea and the recent warning by Kaja Kallas, the European Union’s foreign policy chief, regarding the threat to freedom of navigation, indicate a key pattern shift; the US-Iran war has moved beyond the scope of a regional and local confrontation and has linked two vital passageways for the global economy: the Strait of Hormuz and the Bab el-Mandeb Strait.

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Colonialism

Analysis of Causes of Chain Coups in Africa

Analysis of Causes of Chain Coups in Africa

Strategic Council Online – Interview: An expert on African affairs emphasized: Developments in Burkina Faso, Niger, and Mali showed that the colonial power of France has weakened and the policies of the Macron government have failed to find a solution in Africa. Today, the Elysee Palace has concluded that they should reconsider their African policies and, as a result, even the European Union is forced to rethink their behavior and methods by examining the reasons for the failure of the policies of European countries in Africa.

Africa, Field of US-China Geopolitical Rivalry

Africa, Field of US-China Geopolitical Rivalry

Strategic Council Online – Opinion: In December, a several-day joint conference was held in Washington with the participation of 49 African countries. The purpose of this conference was to discuss common priorities as well as how to develop relations between the United States and African countries.
Hossein Sayyahi- Researcher on international politics

Corona Vaccine & World Powers Monopolistic & Discriminatory Strategy

Corona Vaccine & World Powers Monopolistic & Discriminatory Strategy

Strategic Council Online – Although the sources of vaccine production came from people who saw their aid as a donation to save humanity, but with Western governments taking control of these resources, they have been given the tools of power to determine “who should live and who should not.”
Abed Akbari – International Affairs Analyst

France Making Attempts to Regain Colonial Role in Lebanon

France Making Attempts to Regain Colonial Role in Lebanon

Strategic Council Online – A former ambassador and Middle East affairs analyst says the roadmap drawn by France is a clear interference in Lebanon’s internal affairs, adding that what France is proposing is completely contrary to the goals of changing the structure or the Lebanese-Lebanese talks. Mr. Macron has entered the Lebanese arena with the false hope that he can take effective measure in the interest of France.

Objectives & Reasons for Anti-Racist Protests in Europe

Objectives & Reasons for Anti-Racist Protests in Europe

Strategic Council Online – Explaining the reasons for the rise of anti-racism protests in Europe, a geopolitical professor said: “Trump’s hatred of Europe has spread, and even European officials wish such a president would not come to power again. People’s sentiments over the racist treatment of blacks by the US police have been hurt, and as long as they do not make an achievement these demonstrations would naturally continue.”

Persian Gulf National Day; Manifestation of Iranian Solidarity & Identity

Persian Gulf National Day; Manifestation of Iranian Solidarity & Identity

Strategic Council Online: An expert on Middle East affairs said that the beginning of the distortion of the name of the Persian Gulf is associated with the phenomenon of colonialism. “Certain Persian Gulf states and some other Arab countries in the region are still trying to change the name of the Persian Gulf by bribing some Arab and international media, but using a fake name will never overshadow the historical facts.

ÚLTIMAS PUBLICACIONES

An Analysis of the Makkah Defense Pact

SCFR Online – Opinion: On Friday, August 7, the heads of state of three countries – Saudi Arabia, Turkey, and Pakistan – signed a text under the title “Makkah Joint Defense Agreement.”

Dimensions and challenges of the initiative to revive the Hejaz Railway

Strategic Council Online – Note: The initiative to revive the Hejaz Railway, beyond being a transportation project, constitutes an attempt to redefine geopolitics, the economy, and Turkey’s regional position; however, its realization appears to face significant financial, security, and institutional challenges.

Balancing in the chain of chokepoints; from sea-based deterrence to pluralistic diplomacy

Strategic Council Online – Note: Recent developments in the political geography of West Asia, from rising tensions in the Persian Gulf to missile and drone activities in the Red Sea and the recent warning by Kaja Kallas, the European Union’s foreign policy chief, regarding the threat to freedom of navigation, indicate a key pattern shift; the US-Iran war has moved beyond the scope of a regional and local confrontation and has linked two vital passageways for the global economy: the Strait of Hormuz and the Bab el-Mandeb Strait.

Loading

Colonialism

Analysis of Causes of Chain Coups in Africa

Analysis of Causes of Chain Coups in Africa

Strategic Council Online – Interview: An expert on African affairs emphasized: Developments in Burkina Faso, Niger, and Mali showed that the colonial power of France has weakened and the policies of the Macron government have failed to find a solution in Africa. Today, the Elysee Palace has concluded that they should reconsider their African policies and, as a result, even the European Union is forced to rethink their behavior and methods by examining the reasons for the failure of the policies of European countries in Africa.

Africa, Field of US-China Geopolitical Rivalry

Africa, Field of US-China Geopolitical Rivalry

Strategic Council Online – Opinion: In December, a several-day joint conference was held in Washington with the participation of 49 African countries. The purpose of this conference was to discuss common priorities as well as how to develop relations between the United States and African countries.
Hossein Sayyahi- Researcher on international politics

Corona Vaccine & World Powers Monopolistic & Discriminatory Strategy

Corona Vaccine & World Powers Monopolistic & Discriminatory Strategy

Strategic Council Online – Although the sources of vaccine production came from people who saw their aid as a donation to save humanity, but with Western governments taking control of these resources, they have been given the tools of power to determine “who should live and who should not.”
Abed Akbari – International Affairs Analyst

France Making Attempts to Regain Colonial Role in Lebanon

France Making Attempts to Regain Colonial Role in Lebanon

Strategic Council Online – A former ambassador and Middle East affairs analyst says the roadmap drawn by France is a clear interference in Lebanon’s internal affairs, adding that what France is proposing is completely contrary to the goals of changing the structure or the Lebanese-Lebanese talks. Mr. Macron has entered the Lebanese arena with the false hope that he can take effective measure in the interest of France.

Objectives & Reasons for Anti-Racist Protests in Europe

Objectives & Reasons for Anti-Racist Protests in Europe

Strategic Council Online – Explaining the reasons for the rise of anti-racism protests in Europe, a geopolitical professor said: “Trump’s hatred of Europe has spread, and even European officials wish such a president would not come to power again. People’s sentiments over the racist treatment of blacks by the US police have been hurt, and as long as they do not make an achievement these demonstrations would naturally continue.”

Persian Gulf National Day; Manifestation of Iranian Solidarity & Identity

Persian Gulf National Day; Manifestation of Iranian Solidarity & Identity

Strategic Council Online: An expert on Middle East affairs said that the beginning of the distortion of the name of the Persian Gulf is associated with the phenomenon of colonialism. “Certain Persian Gulf states and some other Arab countries in the region are still trying to change the name of the Persian Gulf by bribing some Arab and international media, but using a fake name will never overshadow the historical facts.

ÚLTIMAS PUBLICACIONES

An Analysis of the Makkah Defense Pact

SCFR Online – Opinion: On Friday, August 7, the heads of state of three countries – Saudi Arabia, Turkey, and Pakistan – signed a text under the title “Makkah Joint Defense Agreement.”

Dimensions and challenges of the initiative to revive the Hejaz Railway

Strategic Council Online – Note: The initiative to revive the Hejaz Railway, beyond being a transportation project, constitutes an attempt to redefine geopolitics, the economy, and Turkey’s regional position; however, its realization appears to face significant financial, security, and institutional challenges.

Balancing in the chain of chokepoints; from sea-based deterrence to pluralistic diplomacy

Strategic Council Online – Note: Recent developments in the political geography of West Asia, from rising tensions in the Persian Gulf to missile and drone activities in the Red Sea and the recent warning by Kaja Kallas, the European Union’s foreign policy chief, regarding the threat to freedom of navigation, indicate a key pattern shift; the US-Iran war has moved beyond the scope of a regional and local confrontation and has linked two vital passageways for the global economy: the Strait of Hormuz and the Bab el-Mandeb Strait.

Loading

Colonialism

Analysis of Causes of Chain Coups in Africa

Analysis of Causes of Chain Coups in Africa

Strategic Council Online – Interview: An expert on African affairs emphasized: Developments in Burkina Faso, Niger, and Mali showed that the colonial power of France has weakened and the policies of the Macron government have failed to find a solution in Africa. Today, the Elysee Palace has concluded that they should reconsider their African policies and, as a result, even the European Union is forced to rethink their behavior and methods by examining the reasons for the failure of the policies of European countries in Africa.

Africa, Field of US-China Geopolitical Rivalry

Africa, Field of US-China Geopolitical Rivalry

Strategic Council Online – Opinion: In December, a several-day joint conference was held in Washington with the participation of 49 African countries. The purpose of this conference was to discuss common priorities as well as how to develop relations between the United States and African countries.
Hossein Sayyahi- Researcher on international politics

Corona Vaccine & World Powers Monopolistic & Discriminatory Strategy

Corona Vaccine & World Powers Monopolistic & Discriminatory Strategy

Strategic Council Online – Although the sources of vaccine production came from people who saw their aid as a donation to save humanity, but with Western governments taking control of these resources, they have been given the tools of power to determine “who should live and who should not.”
Abed Akbari – International Affairs Analyst

France Making Attempts to Regain Colonial Role in Lebanon

France Making Attempts to Regain Colonial Role in Lebanon

Strategic Council Online – A former ambassador and Middle East affairs analyst says the roadmap drawn by France is a clear interference in Lebanon’s internal affairs, adding that what France is proposing is completely contrary to the goals of changing the structure or the Lebanese-Lebanese talks. Mr. Macron has entered the Lebanese arena with the false hope that he can take effective measure in the interest of France.

Objectives & Reasons for Anti-Racist Protests in Europe

Objectives & Reasons for Anti-Racist Protests in Europe

Strategic Council Online – Explaining the reasons for the rise of anti-racism protests in Europe, a geopolitical professor said: “Trump’s hatred of Europe has spread, and even European officials wish such a president would not come to power again. People’s sentiments over the racist treatment of blacks by the US police have been hurt, and as long as they do not make an achievement these demonstrations would naturally continue.”

Persian Gulf National Day; Manifestation of Iranian Solidarity & Identity

Persian Gulf National Day; Manifestation of Iranian Solidarity & Identity

Strategic Council Online: An expert on Middle East affairs said that the beginning of the distortion of the name of the Persian Gulf is associated with the phenomenon of colonialism. “Certain Persian Gulf states and some other Arab countries in the region are still trying to change the name of the Persian Gulf by bribing some Arab and international media, but using a fake name will never overshadow the historical facts.

ÚLTIMAS PUBLICACIONES

An Analysis of the Makkah Defense Pact

SCFR Online – Opinion: On Friday, August 7, the heads of state of three countries – Saudi Arabia, Turkey, and Pakistan – signed a text under the title “Makkah Joint Defense Agreement.”

Dimensions and challenges of the initiative to revive the Hejaz Railway

Strategic Council Online – Note: The initiative to revive the Hejaz Railway, beyond being a transportation project, constitutes an attempt to redefine geopolitics, the economy, and Turkey’s regional position; however, its realization appears to face significant financial, security, and institutional challenges.

Balancing in the chain of chokepoints; from sea-based deterrence to pluralistic diplomacy

Strategic Council Online – Note: Recent developments in the political geography of West Asia, from rising tensions in the Persian Gulf to missile and drone activities in the Red Sea and the recent warning by Kaja Kallas, the European Union’s foreign policy chief, regarding the threat to freedom of navigation, indicate a key pattern shift; the US-Iran war has moved beyond the scope of a regional and local confrontation and has linked two vital passageways for the global economy: the Strait of Hormuz and the Bab el-Mandeb Strait.

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