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The Makkah Pact Under scrutiny; From the “Deterrence Dilemma” to the “Risk of Disrupting Security”

SCFR Online – Opinion: The Makkah Pact, signed on August 7, 2026, between Saudi Arabia, Turkey, and Pakistan, is more than an answer to geopolitical vacuums; in practice, it faces a “deterrence dilemma” and “differing threat perception.” While this pact symbolizes a transition toward regional self-reliance, its first field tests and the complexities of relations with regional actors will determine its real meaning.

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conventional arms

Scenarios before China-Russia Arms Deals with Iran

Scenarios before China-Russia Arms Deals with Iran

Strategic Council Online – If Joe Biden, Trump’s Democratic rival, wins the presidential elections, we will be witness to a different atmosphere in the arena of international relations and Chinese and Russian arms sales to Iran will be overshadowed by Biden’s return to the Joint Comprehensive Plan of Action (JCPOA). Under such circumstances, Beijing and Moscow will sell conventional and limited arms to Iran more conveniently.
Rahman Qahramanpour – Senior Expert on Geopolitical Affairs

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The Makkah Pact Under scrutiny; From the “Deterrence Dilemma” to the “Risk of Disrupting Security”

SCFR Online – Opinion: The Makkah Pact, signed on August 7, 2026, between Saudi Arabia, Turkey, and Pakistan, is more than an answer to geopolitical vacuums; in practice, it faces a “deterrence dilemma” and “differing threat perception.” While this pact symbolizes a transition toward regional self-reliance, its first field tests and the complexities of relations with regional actors will determine its real meaning.

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conventional arms

Scenarios before China-Russia Arms Deals with Iran

Scenarios before China-Russia Arms Deals with Iran

Strategic Council Online – If Joe Biden, Trump’s Democratic rival, wins the presidential elections, we will be witness to a different atmosphere in the arena of international relations and Chinese and Russian arms sales to Iran will be overshadowed by Biden’s return to the Joint Comprehensive Plan of Action (JCPOA). Under such circumstances, Beijing and Moscow will sell conventional and limited arms to Iran more conveniently.
Rahman Qahramanpour – Senior Expert on Geopolitical Affairs

conventional arms

Scenarios before China-Russia Arms Deals with Iran

Scenarios before China-Russia Arms Deals with Iran

Strategic Council Online – If Joe Biden, Trump’s Democratic rival, wins the presidential elections, we will be witness to a different atmosphere in the arena of international relations and Chinese and Russian arms sales to Iran will be overshadowed by Biden’s return to the Joint Comprehensive Plan of Action (JCPOA). Under such circumstances, Beijing and Moscow will sell conventional and limited arms to Iran more conveniently.
Rahman Qahramanpour – Senior Expert on Geopolitical Affairs

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The Makkah Pact Under scrutiny; From the “Deterrence Dilemma” to the “Risk of Disrupting Security”

SCFR Online – Opinion: The Makkah Pact, signed on August 7, 2026, between Saudi Arabia, Turkey, and Pakistan, is more than an answer to geopolitical vacuums; in practice, it faces a “deterrence dilemma” and “differing threat perception.” While this pact symbolizes a transition toward regional self-reliance, its first field tests and the complexities of relations with regional actors will determine its real meaning.

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conventional arms

Scenarios before China-Russia Arms Deals with Iran

Scenarios before China-Russia Arms Deals with Iran

Strategic Council Online – If Joe Biden, Trump’s Democratic rival, wins the presidential elections, we will be witness to a different atmosphere in the arena of international relations and Chinese and Russian arms sales to Iran will be overshadowed by Biden’s return to the Joint Comprehensive Plan of Action (JCPOA). Under such circumstances, Beijing and Moscow will sell conventional and limited arms to Iran more conveniently.
Rahman Qahramanpour – Senior Expert on Geopolitical Affairs

ÚLTIMAS PUBLICACIONES

The Makkah Pact Under scrutiny; From the “Deterrence Dilemma” to the “Risk of Disrupting Security”

SCFR Online – Opinion: The Makkah Pact, signed on August 7, 2026, between Saudi Arabia, Turkey, and Pakistan, is more than an answer to geopolitical vacuums; in practice, it faces a “deterrence dilemma” and “differing threat perception.” While this pact symbolizes a transition toward regional self-reliance, its first field tests and the complexities of relations with regional actors will determine its real meaning.

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conventional arms

Scenarios before China-Russia Arms Deals with Iran

Scenarios before China-Russia Arms Deals with Iran

Strategic Council Online – If Joe Biden, Trump’s Democratic rival, wins the presidential elections, we will be witness to a different atmosphere in the arena of international relations and Chinese and Russian arms sales to Iran will be overshadowed by Biden’s return to the Joint Comprehensive Plan of Action (JCPOA). Under such circumstances, Beijing and Moscow will sell conventional and limited arms to Iran more conveniently.
Rahman Qahramanpour – Senior Expert on Geopolitical Affairs

ÚLTIMAS PUBLICACIONES

The Makkah Pact Under scrutiny; From the “Deterrence Dilemma” to the “Risk of Disrupting Security”

SCFR Online – Opinion: The Makkah Pact, signed on August 7, 2026, between Saudi Arabia, Turkey, and Pakistan, is more than an answer to geopolitical vacuums; in practice, it faces a “deterrence dilemma” and “differing threat perception.” While this pact symbolizes a transition toward regional self-reliance, its first field tests and the complexities of relations with regional actors will determine its real meaning.

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conventional arms

Scenarios before China-Russia Arms Deals with Iran

Scenarios before China-Russia Arms Deals with Iran

Strategic Council Online – If Joe Biden, Trump’s Democratic rival, wins the presidential elections, we will be witness to a different atmosphere in the arena of international relations and Chinese and Russian arms sales to Iran will be overshadowed by Biden’s return to the Joint Comprehensive Plan of Action (JCPOA). Under such circumstances, Beijing and Moscow will sell conventional and limited arms to Iran more conveniently.
Rahman Qahramanpour – Senior Expert on Geopolitical Affairs

ÚLTIMAS PUBLICACIONES

The Makkah Pact Under scrutiny; From the “Deterrence Dilemma” to the “Risk of Disrupting Security”

SCFR Online – Opinion: The Makkah Pact, signed on August 7, 2026, between Saudi Arabia, Turkey, and Pakistan, is more than an answer to geopolitical vacuums; in practice, it faces a “deterrence dilemma” and “differing threat perception.” While this pact symbolizes a transition toward regional self-reliance, its first field tests and the complexities of relations with regional actors will determine its real meaning.

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conventional arms

Scenarios before China-Russia Arms Deals with Iran

Scenarios before China-Russia Arms Deals with Iran

Strategic Council Online – If Joe Biden, Trump’s Democratic rival, wins the presidential elections, we will be witness to a different atmosphere in the arena of international relations and Chinese and Russian arms sales to Iran will be overshadowed by Biden’s return to the Joint Comprehensive Plan of Action (JCPOA). Under such circumstances, Beijing and Moscow will sell conventional and limited arms to Iran more conveniently.
Rahman Qahramanpour – Senior Expert on Geopolitical Affairs

ÚLTIMAS PUBLICACIONES

The Makkah Pact Under scrutiny; From the “Deterrence Dilemma” to the “Risk of Disrupting Security”

SCFR Online – Opinion: The Makkah Pact, signed on August 7, 2026, between Saudi Arabia, Turkey, and Pakistan, is more than an answer to geopolitical vacuums; in practice, it faces a “deterrence dilemma” and “differing threat perception.” While this pact symbolizes a transition toward regional self-reliance, its first field tests and the complexities of relations with regional actors will determine its real meaning.

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