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The Makkah Pact Under scrutiny; From the “Deterrence Dilemma” to the “Risk of Disrupting Security”

SCFR Online – Opinion: The Makkah Pact, signed on August 7, 2026, between Saudi Arabia, Turkey, and Pakistan, is more than an answer to geopolitical vacuums; in practice, it faces a “deterrence dilemma” and “differing threat perception.” While this pact symbolizes a transition toward regional self-reliance, its first field tests and the complexities of relations with regional actors will determine its real meaning.

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Dr. Mahmoud Shouri

France vs. Baku and Ankara in the Caucasus

France vs. Baku and Ankara in the Caucasus

Strategic Council Online – Interview: An international relations university professor stated that Paris is trying not to allow the situation in the Caucasus to progress as desired by the Republic of Azerbaijan and Turkey and hopes the situation can be shaped as much as possible in line with French interests through military assistance, adding: France, after Russia, is the second largest foreign investor in Armenia since 2016. This country is trying to create a rift between Armenia and Russia by strengthening ties with Armenia. France’s military support to Armenia is an important and new development that we are witnessing after the weakening of Russia’s position in Armenia.

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The Makkah Pact Under scrutiny; From the “Deterrence Dilemma” to the “Risk of Disrupting Security”

SCFR Online – Opinion: The Makkah Pact, signed on August 7, 2026, between Saudi Arabia, Turkey, and Pakistan, is more than an answer to geopolitical vacuums; in practice, it faces a “deterrence dilemma” and “differing threat perception.” While this pact symbolizes a transition toward regional self-reliance, its first field tests and the complexities of relations with regional actors will determine its real meaning.

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Dr. Mahmoud Shouri

France vs. Baku and Ankara in the Caucasus

France vs. Baku and Ankara in the Caucasus

Strategic Council Online – Interview: An international relations university professor stated that Paris is trying not to allow the situation in the Caucasus to progress as desired by the Republic of Azerbaijan and Turkey and hopes the situation can be shaped as much as possible in line with French interests through military assistance, adding: France, after Russia, is the second largest foreign investor in Armenia since 2016. This country is trying to create a rift between Armenia and Russia by strengthening ties with Armenia. France’s military support to Armenia is an important and new development that we are witnessing after the weakening of Russia’s position in Armenia.

Dr. Mahmoud Shouri

France vs. Baku and Ankara in the Caucasus

France vs. Baku and Ankara in the Caucasus

Strategic Council Online – Interview: An international relations university professor stated that Paris is trying not to allow the situation in the Caucasus to progress as desired by the Republic of Azerbaijan and Turkey and hopes the situation can be shaped as much as possible in line with French interests through military assistance, adding: France, after Russia, is the second largest foreign investor in Armenia since 2016. This country is trying to create a rift between Armenia and Russia by strengthening ties with Armenia. France’s military support to Armenia is an important and new development that we are witnessing after the weakening of Russia’s position in Armenia.

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The Makkah Pact Under scrutiny; From the “Deterrence Dilemma” to the “Risk of Disrupting Security”

SCFR Online – Opinion: The Makkah Pact, signed on August 7, 2026, between Saudi Arabia, Turkey, and Pakistan, is more than an answer to geopolitical vacuums; in practice, it faces a “deterrence dilemma” and “differing threat perception.” While this pact symbolizes a transition toward regional self-reliance, its first field tests and the complexities of relations with regional actors will determine its real meaning.

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Dr. Mahmoud Shouri

France vs. Baku and Ankara in the Caucasus

France vs. Baku and Ankara in the Caucasus

Strategic Council Online – Interview: An international relations university professor stated that Paris is trying not to allow the situation in the Caucasus to progress as desired by the Republic of Azerbaijan and Turkey and hopes the situation can be shaped as much as possible in line with French interests through military assistance, adding: France, after Russia, is the second largest foreign investor in Armenia since 2016. This country is trying to create a rift between Armenia and Russia by strengthening ties with Armenia. France’s military support to Armenia is an important and new development that we are witnessing after the weakening of Russia’s position in Armenia.

ÚLTIMAS PUBLICACIONES

The Makkah Pact Under scrutiny; From the “Deterrence Dilemma” to the “Risk of Disrupting Security”

SCFR Online – Opinion: The Makkah Pact, signed on August 7, 2026, between Saudi Arabia, Turkey, and Pakistan, is more than an answer to geopolitical vacuums; in practice, it faces a “deterrence dilemma” and “differing threat perception.” While this pact symbolizes a transition toward regional self-reliance, its first field tests and the complexities of relations with regional actors will determine its real meaning.

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Dr. Mahmoud Shouri

France vs. Baku and Ankara in the Caucasus

France vs. Baku and Ankara in the Caucasus

Strategic Council Online – Interview: An international relations university professor stated that Paris is trying not to allow the situation in the Caucasus to progress as desired by the Republic of Azerbaijan and Turkey and hopes the situation can be shaped as much as possible in line with French interests through military assistance, adding: France, after Russia, is the second largest foreign investor in Armenia since 2016. This country is trying to create a rift between Armenia and Russia by strengthening ties with Armenia. France’s military support to Armenia is an important and new development that we are witnessing after the weakening of Russia’s position in Armenia.

ÚLTIMAS PUBLICACIONES

The Makkah Pact Under scrutiny; From the “Deterrence Dilemma” to the “Risk of Disrupting Security”

SCFR Online – Opinion: The Makkah Pact, signed on August 7, 2026, between Saudi Arabia, Turkey, and Pakistan, is more than an answer to geopolitical vacuums; in practice, it faces a “deterrence dilemma” and “differing threat perception.” While this pact symbolizes a transition toward regional self-reliance, its first field tests and the complexities of relations with regional actors will determine its real meaning.

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Dr. Mahmoud Shouri

France vs. Baku and Ankara in the Caucasus

France vs. Baku and Ankara in the Caucasus

Strategic Council Online – Interview: An international relations university professor stated that Paris is trying not to allow the situation in the Caucasus to progress as desired by the Republic of Azerbaijan and Turkey and hopes the situation can be shaped as much as possible in line with French interests through military assistance, adding: France, after Russia, is the second largest foreign investor in Armenia since 2016. This country is trying to create a rift between Armenia and Russia by strengthening ties with Armenia. France’s military support to Armenia is an important and new development that we are witnessing after the weakening of Russia’s position in Armenia.

ÚLTIMAS PUBLICACIONES

The Makkah Pact Under scrutiny; From the “Deterrence Dilemma” to the “Risk of Disrupting Security”

SCFR Online – Opinion: The Makkah Pact, signed on August 7, 2026, between Saudi Arabia, Turkey, and Pakistan, is more than an answer to geopolitical vacuums; in practice, it faces a “deterrence dilemma” and “differing threat perception.” While this pact symbolizes a transition toward regional self-reliance, its first field tests and the complexities of relations with regional actors will determine its real meaning.

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Dr. Mahmoud Shouri

France vs. Baku and Ankara in the Caucasus

France vs. Baku and Ankara in the Caucasus

Strategic Council Online – Interview: An international relations university professor stated that Paris is trying not to allow the situation in the Caucasus to progress as desired by the Republic of Azerbaijan and Turkey and hopes the situation can be shaped as much as possible in line with French interests through military assistance, adding: France, after Russia, is the second largest foreign investor in Armenia since 2016. This country is trying to create a rift between Armenia and Russia by strengthening ties with Armenia. France’s military support to Armenia is an important and new development that we are witnessing after the weakening of Russia’s position in Armenia.

ÚLTIMAS PUBLICACIONES

The Makkah Pact Under scrutiny; From the “Deterrence Dilemma” to the “Risk of Disrupting Security”

SCFR Online – Opinion: The Makkah Pact, signed on August 7, 2026, between Saudi Arabia, Turkey, and Pakistan, is more than an answer to geopolitical vacuums; in practice, it faces a “deterrence dilemma” and “differing threat perception.” While this pact symbolizes a transition toward regional self-reliance, its first field tests and the complexities of relations with regional actors will determine its real meaning.

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