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The Makkah Pact Under scrutiny; From the “Deterrence Dilemma” to the “Risk of Disrupting Security”

SCFR Online – Opinion: The Makkah Pact, signed on August 7, 2026, between Saudi Arabia, Turkey, and Pakistan, is more than an answer to geopolitical vacuums; in practice, it faces a “deterrence dilemma” and “differing threat perception.” While this pact symbolizes a transition toward regional self-reliance, its first field tests and the complexities of relations with regional actors will determine its real meaning.

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Gazprom

Future of Chinese and Russian SWIFTs

Future of Chinese and Russian SWIFTs

Strategic Council Online – Professor of Political Economy and Public Policy Department at Allameh Tabatabaei University, explaining the features of the Russian and Chinese SWIFTs, said: What could become the strong point of the Chinese and Russian SWIFTs is that if the volume, number, and scope of US sanctions expands in the world; those could become the SWIFT of the US-sanctioned block, and they could gain tremendous maneuvering power in the world of economics.

US pressure for sanctioning Nord Stream 2

US pressure for sanctioning Nord Stream 2

Strategic Council Online—Opinion: The United States believes that the power of Russia’s influence in Europe would be multiplied when the Nord Stream 2 gas pipeline goes on stream and European countries would become more dependant on cheap gas coming from Russia.
Mahmoud Fazeli—Expert of European affairs

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The Makkah Pact Under scrutiny; From the “Deterrence Dilemma” to the “Risk of Disrupting Security”

SCFR Online – Opinion: The Makkah Pact, signed on August 7, 2026, between Saudi Arabia, Turkey, and Pakistan, is more than an answer to geopolitical vacuums; in practice, it faces a “deterrence dilemma” and “differing threat perception.” While this pact symbolizes a transition toward regional self-reliance, its first field tests and the complexities of relations with regional actors will determine its real meaning.

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Gazprom

Future of Chinese and Russian SWIFTs

Future of Chinese and Russian SWIFTs

Strategic Council Online – Professor of Political Economy and Public Policy Department at Allameh Tabatabaei University, explaining the features of the Russian and Chinese SWIFTs, said: What could become the strong point of the Chinese and Russian SWIFTs is that if the volume, number, and scope of US sanctions expands in the world; those could become the SWIFT of the US-sanctioned block, and they could gain tremendous maneuvering power in the world of economics.

US pressure for sanctioning Nord Stream 2

US pressure for sanctioning Nord Stream 2

Strategic Council Online—Opinion: The United States believes that the power of Russia’s influence in Europe would be multiplied when the Nord Stream 2 gas pipeline goes on stream and European countries would become more dependant on cheap gas coming from Russia.
Mahmoud Fazeli—Expert of European affairs

Gazprom

Future of Chinese and Russian SWIFTs

Future of Chinese and Russian SWIFTs

Strategic Council Online – Professor of Political Economy and Public Policy Department at Allameh Tabatabaei University, explaining the features of the Russian and Chinese SWIFTs, said: What could become the strong point of the Chinese and Russian SWIFTs is that if the volume, number, and scope of US sanctions expands in the world; those could become the SWIFT of the US-sanctioned block, and they could gain tremendous maneuvering power in the world of economics.

US pressure for sanctioning Nord Stream 2

US pressure for sanctioning Nord Stream 2

Strategic Council Online—Opinion: The United States believes that the power of Russia’s influence in Europe would be multiplied when the Nord Stream 2 gas pipeline goes on stream and European countries would become more dependant on cheap gas coming from Russia.
Mahmoud Fazeli—Expert of European affairs

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The Makkah Pact Under scrutiny; From the “Deterrence Dilemma” to the “Risk of Disrupting Security”

SCFR Online – Opinion: The Makkah Pact, signed on August 7, 2026, between Saudi Arabia, Turkey, and Pakistan, is more than an answer to geopolitical vacuums; in practice, it faces a “deterrence dilemma” and “differing threat perception.” While this pact symbolizes a transition toward regional self-reliance, its first field tests and the complexities of relations with regional actors will determine its real meaning.

Loading

Gazprom

Future of Chinese and Russian SWIFTs

Future of Chinese and Russian SWIFTs

Strategic Council Online – Professor of Political Economy and Public Policy Department at Allameh Tabatabaei University, explaining the features of the Russian and Chinese SWIFTs, said: What could become the strong point of the Chinese and Russian SWIFTs is that if the volume, number, and scope of US sanctions expands in the world; those could become the SWIFT of the US-sanctioned block, and they could gain tremendous maneuvering power in the world of economics.

US pressure for sanctioning Nord Stream 2

US pressure for sanctioning Nord Stream 2

Strategic Council Online—Opinion: The United States believes that the power of Russia’s influence in Europe would be multiplied when the Nord Stream 2 gas pipeline goes on stream and European countries would become more dependant on cheap gas coming from Russia.
Mahmoud Fazeli—Expert of European affairs

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The Makkah Pact Under scrutiny; From the “Deterrence Dilemma” to the “Risk of Disrupting Security”

SCFR Online – Opinion: The Makkah Pact, signed on August 7, 2026, between Saudi Arabia, Turkey, and Pakistan, is more than an answer to geopolitical vacuums; in practice, it faces a “deterrence dilemma” and “differing threat perception.” While this pact symbolizes a transition toward regional self-reliance, its first field tests and the complexities of relations with regional actors will determine its real meaning.

Loading

Gazprom

Future of Chinese and Russian SWIFTs

Future of Chinese and Russian SWIFTs

Strategic Council Online – Professor of Political Economy and Public Policy Department at Allameh Tabatabaei University, explaining the features of the Russian and Chinese SWIFTs, said: What could become the strong point of the Chinese and Russian SWIFTs is that if the volume, number, and scope of US sanctions expands in the world; those could become the SWIFT of the US-sanctioned block, and they could gain tremendous maneuvering power in the world of economics.

US pressure for sanctioning Nord Stream 2

US pressure for sanctioning Nord Stream 2

Strategic Council Online—Opinion: The United States believes that the power of Russia’s influence in Europe would be multiplied when the Nord Stream 2 gas pipeline goes on stream and European countries would become more dependant on cheap gas coming from Russia.
Mahmoud Fazeli—Expert of European affairs

ÚLTIMAS PUBLICACIONES

The Makkah Pact Under scrutiny; From the “Deterrence Dilemma” to the “Risk of Disrupting Security”

SCFR Online – Opinion: The Makkah Pact, signed on August 7, 2026, between Saudi Arabia, Turkey, and Pakistan, is more than an answer to geopolitical vacuums; in practice, it faces a “deterrence dilemma” and “differing threat perception.” While this pact symbolizes a transition toward regional self-reliance, its first field tests and the complexities of relations with regional actors will determine its real meaning.

Loading

Gazprom

Future of Chinese and Russian SWIFTs

Future of Chinese and Russian SWIFTs

Strategic Council Online – Professor of Political Economy and Public Policy Department at Allameh Tabatabaei University, explaining the features of the Russian and Chinese SWIFTs, said: What could become the strong point of the Chinese and Russian SWIFTs is that if the volume, number, and scope of US sanctions expands in the world; those could become the SWIFT of the US-sanctioned block, and they could gain tremendous maneuvering power in the world of economics.

US pressure for sanctioning Nord Stream 2

US pressure for sanctioning Nord Stream 2

Strategic Council Online—Opinion: The United States believes that the power of Russia’s influence in Europe would be multiplied when the Nord Stream 2 gas pipeline goes on stream and European countries would become more dependant on cheap gas coming from Russia.
Mahmoud Fazeli—Expert of European affairs

ÚLTIMAS PUBLICACIONES

The Makkah Pact Under scrutiny; From the “Deterrence Dilemma” to the “Risk of Disrupting Security”

SCFR Online – Opinion: The Makkah Pact, signed on August 7, 2026, between Saudi Arabia, Turkey, and Pakistan, is more than an answer to geopolitical vacuums; in practice, it faces a “deterrence dilemma” and “differing threat perception.” While this pact symbolizes a transition toward regional self-reliance, its first field tests and the complexities of relations with regional actors will determine its real meaning.

Loading

Gazprom

Future of Chinese and Russian SWIFTs

Future of Chinese and Russian SWIFTs

Strategic Council Online – Professor of Political Economy and Public Policy Department at Allameh Tabatabaei University, explaining the features of the Russian and Chinese SWIFTs, said: What could become the strong point of the Chinese and Russian SWIFTs is that if the volume, number, and scope of US sanctions expands in the world; those could become the SWIFT of the US-sanctioned block, and they could gain tremendous maneuvering power in the world of economics.

US pressure for sanctioning Nord Stream 2

US pressure for sanctioning Nord Stream 2

Strategic Council Online—Opinion: The United States believes that the power of Russia’s influence in Europe would be multiplied when the Nord Stream 2 gas pipeline goes on stream and European countries would become more dependant on cheap gas coming from Russia.
Mahmoud Fazeli—Expert of European affairs

ÚLTIMAS PUBLICACIONES

The Makkah Pact Under scrutiny; From the “Deterrence Dilemma” to the “Risk of Disrupting Security”

SCFR Online – Opinion: The Makkah Pact, signed on August 7, 2026, between Saudi Arabia, Turkey, and Pakistan, is more than an answer to geopolitical vacuums; in practice, it faces a “deterrence dilemma” and “differing threat perception.” While this pact symbolizes a transition toward regional self-reliance, its first field tests and the complexities of relations with regional actors will determine its real meaning.

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