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The Makkah Pact Under scrutiny; From the “Deterrence Dilemma” to the “Risk of Disrupting Security”

SCFR Online – Opinion: The Makkah Pact, signed on August 7, 2026, between Saudi Arabia, Turkey, and Pakistan, is more than an answer to geopolitical vacuums; in practice, it faces a “deterrence dilemma” and “differing threat perception.” While this pact symbolizes a transition toward regional self-reliance, its first field tests and the complexities of relations with regional actors will determine its real meaning.

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Naval wargames

Joint Turkish Exercises in Caucasus: Geopolitical Objectives, Consequences

Joint Turkish Exercises in Caucasus: Geopolitical Objectives, Consequences

Strategic Council Online – opinion: Turkey has conducted two separate military exercises with the Republic of Azerbaijan on the one hand and Pakistan and the Republic of Azerbaijan on the other hand, on limited land and sea scale. The Ankara government pursues specific targets of holding exercises that are geopolitically “purposeful” and “meaningful”, and the recent exercise is one of Turkey’s most important measures since the end of the Second Karabakh War.
Hamid Khoshayand – International affairs analyst

Goals of US & Allies Naval Drills in Persian Gulf

Goals of US & Allies Naval Drills in Persian Gulf

Strategic Council Online: The declared goal of the US and its allies’ maritime exercises in the Persian Gulf is to limit Iran’s maneuvering power and controlling the Strait of Hormuz, the Persian Gulf, and Oman Sea, and it looks like the US will continue to maintain its naval fleet in the Persian Gulf for the next three decades.

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The Makkah Pact Under scrutiny; From the “Deterrence Dilemma” to the “Risk of Disrupting Security”

SCFR Online – Opinion: The Makkah Pact, signed on August 7, 2026, between Saudi Arabia, Turkey, and Pakistan, is more than an answer to geopolitical vacuums; in practice, it faces a “deterrence dilemma” and “differing threat perception.” While this pact symbolizes a transition toward regional self-reliance, its first field tests and the complexities of relations with regional actors will determine its real meaning.

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Naval wargames

Joint Turkish Exercises in Caucasus: Geopolitical Objectives, Consequences

Joint Turkish Exercises in Caucasus: Geopolitical Objectives, Consequences

Strategic Council Online – opinion: Turkey has conducted two separate military exercises with the Republic of Azerbaijan on the one hand and Pakistan and the Republic of Azerbaijan on the other hand, on limited land and sea scale. The Ankara government pursues specific targets of holding exercises that are geopolitically “purposeful” and “meaningful”, and the recent exercise is one of Turkey’s most important measures since the end of the Second Karabakh War.
Hamid Khoshayand – International affairs analyst

Goals of US & Allies Naval Drills in Persian Gulf

Goals of US & Allies Naval Drills in Persian Gulf

Strategic Council Online: The declared goal of the US and its allies’ maritime exercises in the Persian Gulf is to limit Iran’s maneuvering power and controlling the Strait of Hormuz, the Persian Gulf, and Oman Sea, and it looks like the US will continue to maintain its naval fleet in the Persian Gulf for the next three decades.

Naval wargames

Joint Turkish Exercises in Caucasus: Geopolitical Objectives, Consequences

Joint Turkish Exercises in Caucasus: Geopolitical Objectives, Consequences

Strategic Council Online – opinion: Turkey has conducted two separate military exercises with the Republic of Azerbaijan on the one hand and Pakistan and the Republic of Azerbaijan on the other hand, on limited land and sea scale. The Ankara government pursues specific targets of holding exercises that are geopolitically “purposeful” and “meaningful”, and the recent exercise is one of Turkey’s most important measures since the end of the Second Karabakh War.
Hamid Khoshayand – International affairs analyst

Goals of US & Allies Naval Drills in Persian Gulf

Goals of US & Allies Naval Drills in Persian Gulf

Strategic Council Online: The declared goal of the US and its allies’ maritime exercises in the Persian Gulf is to limit Iran’s maneuvering power and controlling the Strait of Hormuz, the Persian Gulf, and Oman Sea, and it looks like the US will continue to maintain its naval fleet in the Persian Gulf for the next three decades.

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The Makkah Pact Under scrutiny; From the “Deterrence Dilemma” to the “Risk of Disrupting Security”

SCFR Online – Opinion: The Makkah Pact, signed on August 7, 2026, between Saudi Arabia, Turkey, and Pakistan, is more than an answer to geopolitical vacuums; in practice, it faces a “deterrence dilemma” and “differing threat perception.” While this pact symbolizes a transition toward regional self-reliance, its first field tests and the complexities of relations with regional actors will determine its real meaning.

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Naval wargames

Joint Turkish Exercises in Caucasus: Geopolitical Objectives, Consequences

Joint Turkish Exercises in Caucasus: Geopolitical Objectives, Consequences

Strategic Council Online – opinion: Turkey has conducted two separate military exercises with the Republic of Azerbaijan on the one hand and Pakistan and the Republic of Azerbaijan on the other hand, on limited land and sea scale. The Ankara government pursues specific targets of holding exercises that are geopolitically “purposeful” and “meaningful”, and the recent exercise is one of Turkey’s most important measures since the end of the Second Karabakh War.
Hamid Khoshayand – International affairs analyst

Goals of US & Allies Naval Drills in Persian Gulf

Goals of US & Allies Naval Drills in Persian Gulf

Strategic Council Online: The declared goal of the US and its allies’ maritime exercises in the Persian Gulf is to limit Iran’s maneuvering power and controlling the Strait of Hormuz, the Persian Gulf, and Oman Sea, and it looks like the US will continue to maintain its naval fleet in the Persian Gulf for the next three decades.

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The Makkah Pact Under scrutiny; From the “Deterrence Dilemma” to the “Risk of Disrupting Security”

SCFR Online – Opinion: The Makkah Pact, signed on August 7, 2026, between Saudi Arabia, Turkey, and Pakistan, is more than an answer to geopolitical vacuums; in practice, it faces a “deterrence dilemma” and “differing threat perception.” While this pact symbolizes a transition toward regional self-reliance, its first field tests and the complexities of relations with regional actors will determine its real meaning.

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Naval wargames

Joint Turkish Exercises in Caucasus: Geopolitical Objectives, Consequences

Joint Turkish Exercises in Caucasus: Geopolitical Objectives, Consequences

Strategic Council Online – opinion: Turkey has conducted two separate military exercises with the Republic of Azerbaijan on the one hand and Pakistan and the Republic of Azerbaijan on the other hand, on limited land and sea scale. The Ankara government pursues specific targets of holding exercises that are geopolitically “purposeful” and “meaningful”, and the recent exercise is one of Turkey’s most important measures since the end of the Second Karabakh War.
Hamid Khoshayand – International affairs analyst

Goals of US & Allies Naval Drills in Persian Gulf

Goals of US & Allies Naval Drills in Persian Gulf

Strategic Council Online: The declared goal of the US and its allies’ maritime exercises in the Persian Gulf is to limit Iran’s maneuvering power and controlling the Strait of Hormuz, the Persian Gulf, and Oman Sea, and it looks like the US will continue to maintain its naval fleet in the Persian Gulf for the next three decades.

ÚLTIMAS PUBLICACIONES

The Makkah Pact Under scrutiny; From the “Deterrence Dilemma” to the “Risk of Disrupting Security”

SCFR Online – Opinion: The Makkah Pact, signed on August 7, 2026, between Saudi Arabia, Turkey, and Pakistan, is more than an answer to geopolitical vacuums; in practice, it faces a “deterrence dilemma” and “differing threat perception.” While this pact symbolizes a transition toward regional self-reliance, its first field tests and the complexities of relations with regional actors will determine its real meaning.

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Naval wargames

Joint Turkish Exercises in Caucasus: Geopolitical Objectives, Consequences

Joint Turkish Exercises in Caucasus: Geopolitical Objectives, Consequences

Strategic Council Online – opinion: Turkey has conducted two separate military exercises with the Republic of Azerbaijan on the one hand and Pakistan and the Republic of Azerbaijan on the other hand, on limited land and sea scale. The Ankara government pursues specific targets of holding exercises that are geopolitically “purposeful” and “meaningful”, and the recent exercise is one of Turkey’s most important measures since the end of the Second Karabakh War.
Hamid Khoshayand – International affairs analyst

Goals of US & Allies Naval Drills in Persian Gulf

Goals of US & Allies Naval Drills in Persian Gulf

Strategic Council Online: The declared goal of the US and its allies’ maritime exercises in the Persian Gulf is to limit Iran’s maneuvering power and controlling the Strait of Hormuz, the Persian Gulf, and Oman Sea, and it looks like the US will continue to maintain its naval fleet in the Persian Gulf for the next three decades.

ÚLTIMAS PUBLICACIONES

The Makkah Pact Under scrutiny; From the “Deterrence Dilemma” to the “Risk of Disrupting Security”

SCFR Online – Opinion: The Makkah Pact, signed on August 7, 2026, between Saudi Arabia, Turkey, and Pakistan, is more than an answer to geopolitical vacuums; in practice, it faces a “deterrence dilemma” and “differing threat perception.” While this pact symbolizes a transition toward regional self-reliance, its first field tests and the complexities of relations with regional actors will determine its real meaning.

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Naval wargames

Joint Turkish Exercises in Caucasus: Geopolitical Objectives, Consequences

Joint Turkish Exercises in Caucasus: Geopolitical Objectives, Consequences

Strategic Council Online – opinion: Turkey has conducted two separate military exercises with the Republic of Azerbaijan on the one hand and Pakistan and the Republic of Azerbaijan on the other hand, on limited land and sea scale. The Ankara government pursues specific targets of holding exercises that are geopolitically “purposeful” and “meaningful”, and the recent exercise is one of Turkey’s most important measures since the end of the Second Karabakh War.
Hamid Khoshayand – International affairs analyst

Goals of US & Allies Naval Drills in Persian Gulf

Goals of US & Allies Naval Drills in Persian Gulf

Strategic Council Online: The declared goal of the US and its allies’ maritime exercises in the Persian Gulf is to limit Iran’s maneuvering power and controlling the Strait of Hormuz, the Persian Gulf, and Oman Sea, and it looks like the US will continue to maintain its naval fleet in the Persian Gulf for the next three decades.

ÚLTIMAS PUBLICACIONES

The Makkah Pact Under scrutiny; From the “Deterrence Dilemma” to the “Risk of Disrupting Security”

SCFR Online – Opinion: The Makkah Pact, signed on August 7, 2026, between Saudi Arabia, Turkey, and Pakistan, is more than an answer to geopolitical vacuums; in practice, it faces a “deterrence dilemma” and “differing threat perception.” While this pact symbolizes a transition toward regional self-reliance, its first field tests and the complexities of relations with regional actors will determine its real meaning.

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