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The Makkah Pact Under scrutiny; From the “Deterrence Dilemma” to the “Risk of Disrupting Security”

SCFR Online – Opinion: The Makkah Pact, signed on August 7, 2026, between Saudi Arabia, Turkey, and Pakistan, is more than an answer to geopolitical vacuums; in practice, it faces a “deterrence dilemma” and “differing threat perception.” While this pact symbolizes a transition toward regional self-reliance, its first field tests and the complexities of relations with regional actors will determine its real meaning.

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Neighbouring Policy

Iran-Iraq Strategic Alliance

Strategic Council Online: The recent three-day visit of Iran’s President Hassan Rouhani to Iraq is a clear sign that a new chapter has been opened in the strategic relations between Tehran and Baghdad. This is an indication that bilateral ties between the two countries have entered a sustainable and very crucial stage. Relying on the good cooperation between the two sides over the past 15 years, the two sides have now entered a much wider and more productive partnership.
Jafar Ghanadbashi – Middle East Affairs Expert

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The Makkah Pact Under scrutiny; From the “Deterrence Dilemma” to the “Risk of Disrupting Security”

SCFR Online – Opinion: The Makkah Pact, signed on August 7, 2026, between Saudi Arabia, Turkey, and Pakistan, is more than an answer to geopolitical vacuums; in practice, it faces a “deterrence dilemma” and “differing threat perception.” While this pact symbolizes a transition toward regional self-reliance, its first field tests and the complexities of relations with regional actors will determine its real meaning.

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Neighbouring Policy

Iran-Iraq Strategic Alliance

Strategic Council Online: The recent three-day visit of Iran’s President Hassan Rouhani to Iraq is a clear sign that a new chapter has been opened in the strategic relations between Tehran and Baghdad. This is an indication that bilateral ties between the two countries have entered a sustainable and very crucial stage. Relying on the good cooperation between the two sides over the past 15 years, the two sides have now entered a much wider and more productive partnership.
Jafar Ghanadbashi – Middle East Affairs Expert

Neighbouring Policy

Iran-Iraq Strategic Alliance

Strategic Council Online: The recent three-day visit of Iran’s President Hassan Rouhani to Iraq is a clear sign that a new chapter has been opened in the strategic relations between Tehran and Baghdad. This is an indication that bilateral ties between the two countries have entered a sustainable and very crucial stage. Relying on the good cooperation between the two sides over the past 15 years, the two sides have now entered a much wider and more productive partnership.
Jafar Ghanadbashi – Middle East Affairs Expert

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The Makkah Pact Under scrutiny; From the “Deterrence Dilemma” to the “Risk of Disrupting Security”

SCFR Online – Opinion: The Makkah Pact, signed on August 7, 2026, between Saudi Arabia, Turkey, and Pakistan, is more than an answer to geopolitical vacuums; in practice, it faces a “deterrence dilemma” and “differing threat perception.” While this pact symbolizes a transition toward regional self-reliance, its first field tests and the complexities of relations with regional actors will determine its real meaning.

Loading

Neighbouring Policy

Iran-Iraq Strategic Alliance

Strategic Council Online: The recent three-day visit of Iran’s President Hassan Rouhani to Iraq is a clear sign that a new chapter has been opened in the strategic relations between Tehran and Baghdad. This is an indication that bilateral ties between the two countries have entered a sustainable and very crucial stage. Relying on the good cooperation between the two sides over the past 15 years, the two sides have now entered a much wider and more productive partnership.
Jafar Ghanadbashi – Middle East Affairs Expert

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The Makkah Pact Under scrutiny; From the “Deterrence Dilemma” to the “Risk of Disrupting Security”

SCFR Online – Opinion: The Makkah Pact, signed on August 7, 2026, between Saudi Arabia, Turkey, and Pakistan, is more than an answer to geopolitical vacuums; in practice, it faces a “deterrence dilemma” and “differing threat perception.” While this pact symbolizes a transition toward regional self-reliance, its first field tests and the complexities of relations with regional actors will determine its real meaning.

Loading

Neighbouring Policy

Iran-Iraq Strategic Alliance

Strategic Council Online: The recent three-day visit of Iran’s President Hassan Rouhani to Iraq is a clear sign that a new chapter has been opened in the strategic relations between Tehran and Baghdad. This is an indication that bilateral ties between the two countries have entered a sustainable and very crucial stage. Relying on the good cooperation between the two sides over the past 15 years, the two sides have now entered a much wider and more productive partnership.
Jafar Ghanadbashi – Middle East Affairs Expert

ÚLTIMAS PUBLICACIONES

The Makkah Pact Under scrutiny; From the “Deterrence Dilemma” to the “Risk of Disrupting Security”

SCFR Online – Opinion: The Makkah Pact, signed on August 7, 2026, between Saudi Arabia, Turkey, and Pakistan, is more than an answer to geopolitical vacuums; in practice, it faces a “deterrence dilemma” and “differing threat perception.” While this pact symbolizes a transition toward regional self-reliance, its first field tests and the complexities of relations with regional actors will determine its real meaning.

Loading

Neighbouring Policy

Iran-Iraq Strategic Alliance

Strategic Council Online: The recent three-day visit of Iran’s President Hassan Rouhani to Iraq is a clear sign that a new chapter has been opened in the strategic relations between Tehran and Baghdad. This is an indication that bilateral ties between the two countries have entered a sustainable and very crucial stage. Relying on the good cooperation between the two sides over the past 15 years, the two sides have now entered a much wider and more productive partnership.
Jafar Ghanadbashi – Middle East Affairs Expert

ÚLTIMAS PUBLICACIONES

The Makkah Pact Under scrutiny; From the “Deterrence Dilemma” to the “Risk of Disrupting Security”

SCFR Online – Opinion: The Makkah Pact, signed on August 7, 2026, between Saudi Arabia, Turkey, and Pakistan, is more than an answer to geopolitical vacuums; in practice, it faces a “deterrence dilemma” and “differing threat perception.” While this pact symbolizes a transition toward regional self-reliance, its first field tests and the complexities of relations with regional actors will determine its real meaning.

Loading

Neighbouring Policy

Iran-Iraq Strategic Alliance

Strategic Council Online: The recent three-day visit of Iran’s President Hassan Rouhani to Iraq is a clear sign that a new chapter has been opened in the strategic relations between Tehran and Baghdad. This is an indication that bilateral ties between the two countries have entered a sustainable and very crucial stage. Relying on the good cooperation between the two sides over the past 15 years, the two sides have now entered a much wider and more productive partnership.
Jafar Ghanadbashi – Middle East Affairs Expert

ÚLTIMAS PUBLICACIONES

The Makkah Pact Under scrutiny; From the “Deterrence Dilemma” to the “Risk of Disrupting Security”

SCFR Online – Opinion: The Makkah Pact, signed on August 7, 2026, between Saudi Arabia, Turkey, and Pakistan, is more than an answer to geopolitical vacuums; in practice, it faces a “deterrence dilemma” and “differing threat perception.” While this pact symbolizes a transition toward regional self-reliance, its first field tests and the complexities of relations with regional actors will determine its real meaning.

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