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The Makkah Pact Under scrutiny; From the “Deterrence Dilemma” to the “Risk of Disrupting Security”

SCFR Online – Opinion: The Makkah Pact, signed on August 7, 2026, between Saudi Arabia, Turkey, and Pakistan, is more than an answer to geopolitical vacuums; in practice, it faces a “deterrence dilemma” and “differing threat perception.” While this pact symbolizes a transition toward regional self-reliance, its first field tests and the complexities of relations with regional actors will determine its real meaning.

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Principles of French Foreign Policy

France’s ambition to lead Europe

France’s ambition to lead Europe

Strategic Council Online—Interview: A University of Tehran professor says Paris is trying not to blame France for the confrontation with Russia, as a country claiming to lead Europe, adding that with the Ukraine crisis, Macron’s ideas to rule Europe were completely questioned, which is why France prefers to maintain minimal and symbolic policies and approaches to play its traditional mediating role.

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The Makkah Pact Under scrutiny; From the “Deterrence Dilemma” to the “Risk of Disrupting Security”

SCFR Online – Opinion: The Makkah Pact, signed on August 7, 2026, between Saudi Arabia, Turkey, and Pakistan, is more than an answer to geopolitical vacuums; in practice, it faces a “deterrence dilemma” and “differing threat perception.” While this pact symbolizes a transition toward regional self-reliance, its first field tests and the complexities of relations with regional actors will determine its real meaning.

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Principles of French Foreign Policy

France’s ambition to lead Europe

France’s ambition to lead Europe

Strategic Council Online—Interview: A University of Tehran professor says Paris is trying not to blame France for the confrontation with Russia, as a country claiming to lead Europe, adding that with the Ukraine crisis, Macron’s ideas to rule Europe were completely questioned, which is why France prefers to maintain minimal and symbolic policies and approaches to play its traditional mediating role.

Principles of French Foreign Policy

France’s ambition to lead Europe

France’s ambition to lead Europe

Strategic Council Online—Interview: A University of Tehran professor says Paris is trying not to blame France for the confrontation with Russia, as a country claiming to lead Europe, adding that with the Ukraine crisis, Macron’s ideas to rule Europe were completely questioned, which is why France prefers to maintain minimal and symbolic policies and approaches to play its traditional mediating role.

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The Makkah Pact Under scrutiny; From the “Deterrence Dilemma” to the “Risk of Disrupting Security”

SCFR Online – Opinion: The Makkah Pact, signed on August 7, 2026, between Saudi Arabia, Turkey, and Pakistan, is more than an answer to geopolitical vacuums; in practice, it faces a “deterrence dilemma” and “differing threat perception.” While this pact symbolizes a transition toward regional self-reliance, its first field tests and the complexities of relations with regional actors will determine its real meaning.

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Principles of French Foreign Policy

France’s ambition to lead Europe

France’s ambition to lead Europe

Strategic Council Online—Interview: A University of Tehran professor says Paris is trying not to blame France for the confrontation with Russia, as a country claiming to lead Europe, adding that with the Ukraine crisis, Macron’s ideas to rule Europe were completely questioned, which is why France prefers to maintain minimal and symbolic policies and approaches to play its traditional mediating role.

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The Makkah Pact Under scrutiny; From the “Deterrence Dilemma” to the “Risk of Disrupting Security”

SCFR Online – Opinion: The Makkah Pact, signed on August 7, 2026, between Saudi Arabia, Turkey, and Pakistan, is more than an answer to geopolitical vacuums; in practice, it faces a “deterrence dilemma” and “differing threat perception.” While this pact symbolizes a transition toward regional self-reliance, its first field tests and the complexities of relations with regional actors will determine its real meaning.

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Principles of French Foreign Policy

France’s ambition to lead Europe

France’s ambition to lead Europe

Strategic Council Online—Interview: A University of Tehran professor says Paris is trying not to blame France for the confrontation with Russia, as a country claiming to lead Europe, adding that with the Ukraine crisis, Macron’s ideas to rule Europe were completely questioned, which is why France prefers to maintain minimal and symbolic policies and approaches to play its traditional mediating role.

ÚLTIMAS PUBLICACIONES

The Makkah Pact Under scrutiny; From the “Deterrence Dilemma” to the “Risk of Disrupting Security”

SCFR Online – Opinion: The Makkah Pact, signed on August 7, 2026, between Saudi Arabia, Turkey, and Pakistan, is more than an answer to geopolitical vacuums; in practice, it faces a “deterrence dilemma” and “differing threat perception.” While this pact symbolizes a transition toward regional self-reliance, its first field tests and the complexities of relations with regional actors will determine its real meaning.

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Principles of French Foreign Policy

France’s ambition to lead Europe

France’s ambition to lead Europe

Strategic Council Online—Interview: A University of Tehran professor says Paris is trying not to blame France for the confrontation with Russia, as a country claiming to lead Europe, adding that with the Ukraine crisis, Macron’s ideas to rule Europe were completely questioned, which is why France prefers to maintain minimal and symbolic policies and approaches to play its traditional mediating role.

ÚLTIMAS PUBLICACIONES

The Makkah Pact Under scrutiny; From the “Deterrence Dilemma” to the “Risk of Disrupting Security”

SCFR Online – Opinion: The Makkah Pact, signed on August 7, 2026, between Saudi Arabia, Turkey, and Pakistan, is more than an answer to geopolitical vacuums; in practice, it faces a “deterrence dilemma” and “differing threat perception.” While this pact symbolizes a transition toward regional self-reliance, its first field tests and the complexities of relations with regional actors will determine its real meaning.

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Principles of French Foreign Policy

France’s ambition to lead Europe

France’s ambition to lead Europe

Strategic Council Online—Interview: A University of Tehran professor says Paris is trying not to blame France for the confrontation with Russia, as a country claiming to lead Europe, adding that with the Ukraine crisis, Macron’s ideas to rule Europe were completely questioned, which is why France prefers to maintain minimal and symbolic policies and approaches to play its traditional mediating role.

ÚLTIMAS PUBLICACIONES

The Makkah Pact Under scrutiny; From the “Deterrence Dilemma” to the “Risk of Disrupting Security”

SCFR Online – Opinion: The Makkah Pact, signed on August 7, 2026, between Saudi Arabia, Turkey, and Pakistan, is more than an answer to geopolitical vacuums; in practice, it faces a “deterrence dilemma” and “differing threat perception.” While this pact symbolizes a transition toward regional self-reliance, its first field tests and the complexities of relations with regional actors will determine its real meaning.

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