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The Makkah Pact Under scrutiny; From the “Deterrence Dilemma” to the “Risk of Disrupting Security”

SCFR Online – Opinion: The Makkah Pact, signed on August 7, 2026, between Saudi Arabia, Turkey, and Pakistan, is more than an answer to geopolitical vacuums; in practice, it faces a “deterrence dilemma” and “differing threat perception.” While this pact symbolizes a transition toward regional self-reliance, its first field tests and the complexities of relations with regional actors will determine its real meaning.

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Regional agreements

Need to Pursue Water Diplomacy, Deal with Fine Particles through Regional Pacts

Need to Pursue Water Diplomacy, Deal with Fine Particles through Regional Pacts

Strategic Council Online – Interview: A member of the Association for Environmental Risks and Sustainable Development of Iran, emphasizing the need to pay attention to and prioritize “water diplomacy”, said: Iran, Syria, Saudi Arabia and Iraq, by attracting UN cooperation, should co-sponsor regional agreements for controlling climate change, process of environmental degradation and water resources and water right of all Middle Eastern countries, and even controlling dangerous deserts, which are the main source of creating dust.

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The Makkah Pact Under scrutiny; From the “Deterrence Dilemma” to the “Risk of Disrupting Security”

SCFR Online – Opinion: The Makkah Pact, signed on August 7, 2026, between Saudi Arabia, Turkey, and Pakistan, is more than an answer to geopolitical vacuums; in practice, it faces a “deterrence dilemma” and “differing threat perception.” While this pact symbolizes a transition toward regional self-reliance, its first field tests and the complexities of relations with regional actors will determine its real meaning.

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Regional agreements

Need to Pursue Water Diplomacy, Deal with Fine Particles through Regional Pacts

Need to Pursue Water Diplomacy, Deal with Fine Particles through Regional Pacts

Strategic Council Online – Interview: A member of the Association for Environmental Risks and Sustainable Development of Iran, emphasizing the need to pay attention to and prioritize “water diplomacy”, said: Iran, Syria, Saudi Arabia and Iraq, by attracting UN cooperation, should co-sponsor regional agreements for controlling climate change, process of environmental degradation and water resources and water right of all Middle Eastern countries, and even controlling dangerous deserts, which are the main source of creating dust.

Regional agreements

Need to Pursue Water Diplomacy, Deal with Fine Particles through Regional Pacts

Need to Pursue Water Diplomacy, Deal with Fine Particles through Regional Pacts

Strategic Council Online – Interview: A member of the Association for Environmental Risks and Sustainable Development of Iran, emphasizing the need to pay attention to and prioritize “water diplomacy”, said: Iran, Syria, Saudi Arabia and Iraq, by attracting UN cooperation, should co-sponsor regional agreements for controlling climate change, process of environmental degradation and water resources and water right of all Middle Eastern countries, and even controlling dangerous deserts, which are the main source of creating dust.

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The Makkah Pact Under scrutiny; From the “Deterrence Dilemma” to the “Risk of Disrupting Security”

SCFR Online – Opinion: The Makkah Pact, signed on August 7, 2026, between Saudi Arabia, Turkey, and Pakistan, is more than an answer to geopolitical vacuums; in practice, it faces a “deterrence dilemma” and “differing threat perception.” While this pact symbolizes a transition toward regional self-reliance, its first field tests and the complexities of relations with regional actors will determine its real meaning.

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Regional agreements

Need to Pursue Water Diplomacy, Deal with Fine Particles through Regional Pacts

Need to Pursue Water Diplomacy, Deal with Fine Particles through Regional Pacts

Strategic Council Online – Interview: A member of the Association for Environmental Risks and Sustainable Development of Iran, emphasizing the need to pay attention to and prioritize “water diplomacy”, said: Iran, Syria, Saudi Arabia and Iraq, by attracting UN cooperation, should co-sponsor regional agreements for controlling climate change, process of environmental degradation and water resources and water right of all Middle Eastern countries, and even controlling dangerous deserts, which are the main source of creating dust.

ÚLTIMAS PUBLICACIONES

The Makkah Pact Under scrutiny; From the “Deterrence Dilemma” to the “Risk of Disrupting Security”

SCFR Online – Opinion: The Makkah Pact, signed on August 7, 2026, between Saudi Arabia, Turkey, and Pakistan, is more than an answer to geopolitical vacuums; in practice, it faces a “deterrence dilemma” and “differing threat perception.” While this pact symbolizes a transition toward regional self-reliance, its first field tests and the complexities of relations with regional actors will determine its real meaning.

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Regional agreements

Need to Pursue Water Diplomacy, Deal with Fine Particles through Regional Pacts

Need to Pursue Water Diplomacy, Deal with Fine Particles through Regional Pacts

Strategic Council Online – Interview: A member of the Association for Environmental Risks and Sustainable Development of Iran, emphasizing the need to pay attention to and prioritize “water diplomacy”, said: Iran, Syria, Saudi Arabia and Iraq, by attracting UN cooperation, should co-sponsor regional agreements for controlling climate change, process of environmental degradation and water resources and water right of all Middle Eastern countries, and even controlling dangerous deserts, which are the main source of creating dust.

ÚLTIMAS PUBLICACIONES

The Makkah Pact Under scrutiny; From the “Deterrence Dilemma” to the “Risk of Disrupting Security”

SCFR Online – Opinion: The Makkah Pact, signed on August 7, 2026, between Saudi Arabia, Turkey, and Pakistan, is more than an answer to geopolitical vacuums; in practice, it faces a “deterrence dilemma” and “differing threat perception.” While this pact symbolizes a transition toward regional self-reliance, its first field tests and the complexities of relations with regional actors will determine its real meaning.

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Regional agreements

Need to Pursue Water Diplomacy, Deal with Fine Particles through Regional Pacts

Need to Pursue Water Diplomacy, Deal with Fine Particles through Regional Pacts

Strategic Council Online – Interview: A member of the Association for Environmental Risks and Sustainable Development of Iran, emphasizing the need to pay attention to and prioritize “water diplomacy”, said: Iran, Syria, Saudi Arabia and Iraq, by attracting UN cooperation, should co-sponsor regional agreements for controlling climate change, process of environmental degradation and water resources and water right of all Middle Eastern countries, and even controlling dangerous deserts, which are the main source of creating dust.

ÚLTIMAS PUBLICACIONES

The Makkah Pact Under scrutiny; From the “Deterrence Dilemma” to the “Risk of Disrupting Security”

SCFR Online – Opinion: The Makkah Pact, signed on August 7, 2026, between Saudi Arabia, Turkey, and Pakistan, is more than an answer to geopolitical vacuums; in practice, it faces a “deterrence dilemma” and “differing threat perception.” While this pact symbolizes a transition toward regional self-reliance, its first field tests and the complexities of relations with regional actors will determine its real meaning.

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Regional agreements

Need to Pursue Water Diplomacy, Deal with Fine Particles through Regional Pacts

Need to Pursue Water Diplomacy, Deal with Fine Particles through Regional Pacts

Strategic Council Online – Interview: A member of the Association for Environmental Risks and Sustainable Development of Iran, emphasizing the need to pay attention to and prioritize “water diplomacy”, said: Iran, Syria, Saudi Arabia and Iraq, by attracting UN cooperation, should co-sponsor regional agreements for controlling climate change, process of environmental degradation and water resources and water right of all Middle Eastern countries, and even controlling dangerous deserts, which are the main source of creating dust.

ÚLTIMAS PUBLICACIONES

The Makkah Pact Under scrutiny; From the “Deterrence Dilemma” to the “Risk of Disrupting Security”

SCFR Online – Opinion: The Makkah Pact, signed on August 7, 2026, between Saudi Arabia, Turkey, and Pakistan, is more than an answer to geopolitical vacuums; in practice, it faces a “deterrence dilemma” and “differing threat perception.” While this pact symbolizes a transition toward regional self-reliance, its first field tests and the complexities of relations with regional actors will determine its real meaning.

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