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The Makkah Pact Under scrutiny; From the “Deterrence Dilemma” to the “Risk of Disrupting Security”

SCFR Online – Opinion: The Makkah Pact, signed on August 7, 2026, between Saudi Arabia, Turkey, and Pakistan, is more than an answer to geopolitical vacuums; in practice, it faces a “deterrence dilemma” and “differing threat perception.” While this pact symbolizes a transition toward regional self-reliance, its first field tests and the complexities of relations with regional actors will determine its real meaning.

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Seyyed Nasrollah Ebrahimi

Occupation in Syria and the responsibility of the United Nations

Occupation in Syria and the responsibility of the United Nations

Strategic Council Online—Interview: Associate Professor of the College of Law of the University of Tehran emphasized that the presence of American occupiers and others in Syria is in violation of the incontrovertible principles of the international law, adding that “as against declared claims, the US government and other occupiers have not entered the Syrian soil in order to support humanitarian principles or human rights tenets but the presence of these countries in Syria is for the control of its oil-rich areas and secure their own interests.”

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The Makkah Pact Under scrutiny; From the “Deterrence Dilemma” to the “Risk of Disrupting Security”

SCFR Online – Opinion: The Makkah Pact, signed on August 7, 2026, between Saudi Arabia, Turkey, and Pakistan, is more than an answer to geopolitical vacuums; in practice, it faces a “deterrence dilemma” and “differing threat perception.” While this pact symbolizes a transition toward regional self-reliance, its first field tests and the complexities of relations with regional actors will determine its real meaning.

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Seyyed Nasrollah Ebrahimi

Occupation in Syria and the responsibility of the United Nations

Occupation in Syria and the responsibility of the United Nations

Strategic Council Online—Interview: Associate Professor of the College of Law of the University of Tehran emphasized that the presence of American occupiers and others in Syria is in violation of the incontrovertible principles of the international law, adding that “as against declared claims, the US government and other occupiers have not entered the Syrian soil in order to support humanitarian principles or human rights tenets but the presence of these countries in Syria is for the control of its oil-rich areas and secure their own interests.”

Seyyed Nasrollah Ebrahimi

Occupation in Syria and the responsibility of the United Nations

Occupation in Syria and the responsibility of the United Nations

Strategic Council Online—Interview: Associate Professor of the College of Law of the University of Tehran emphasized that the presence of American occupiers and others in Syria is in violation of the incontrovertible principles of the international law, adding that “as against declared claims, the US government and other occupiers have not entered the Syrian soil in order to support humanitarian principles or human rights tenets but the presence of these countries in Syria is for the control of its oil-rich areas and secure their own interests.”

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The Makkah Pact Under scrutiny; From the “Deterrence Dilemma” to the “Risk of Disrupting Security”

SCFR Online – Opinion: The Makkah Pact, signed on August 7, 2026, between Saudi Arabia, Turkey, and Pakistan, is more than an answer to geopolitical vacuums; in practice, it faces a “deterrence dilemma” and “differing threat perception.” While this pact symbolizes a transition toward regional self-reliance, its first field tests and the complexities of relations with regional actors will determine its real meaning.

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Seyyed Nasrollah Ebrahimi

Occupation in Syria and the responsibility of the United Nations

Occupation in Syria and the responsibility of the United Nations

Strategic Council Online—Interview: Associate Professor of the College of Law of the University of Tehran emphasized that the presence of American occupiers and others in Syria is in violation of the incontrovertible principles of the international law, adding that “as against declared claims, the US government and other occupiers have not entered the Syrian soil in order to support humanitarian principles or human rights tenets but the presence of these countries in Syria is for the control of its oil-rich areas and secure their own interests.”

ÚLTIMAS PUBLICACIONES

The Makkah Pact Under scrutiny; From the “Deterrence Dilemma” to the “Risk of Disrupting Security”

SCFR Online – Opinion: The Makkah Pact, signed on August 7, 2026, between Saudi Arabia, Turkey, and Pakistan, is more than an answer to geopolitical vacuums; in practice, it faces a “deterrence dilemma” and “differing threat perception.” While this pact symbolizes a transition toward regional self-reliance, its first field tests and the complexities of relations with regional actors will determine its real meaning.

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Seyyed Nasrollah Ebrahimi

Occupation in Syria and the responsibility of the United Nations

Occupation in Syria and the responsibility of the United Nations

Strategic Council Online—Interview: Associate Professor of the College of Law of the University of Tehran emphasized that the presence of American occupiers and others in Syria is in violation of the incontrovertible principles of the international law, adding that “as against declared claims, the US government and other occupiers have not entered the Syrian soil in order to support humanitarian principles or human rights tenets but the presence of these countries in Syria is for the control of its oil-rich areas and secure their own interests.”

ÚLTIMAS PUBLICACIONES

The Makkah Pact Under scrutiny; From the “Deterrence Dilemma” to the “Risk of Disrupting Security”

SCFR Online – Opinion: The Makkah Pact, signed on August 7, 2026, between Saudi Arabia, Turkey, and Pakistan, is more than an answer to geopolitical vacuums; in practice, it faces a “deterrence dilemma” and “differing threat perception.” While this pact symbolizes a transition toward regional self-reliance, its first field tests and the complexities of relations with regional actors will determine its real meaning.

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Seyyed Nasrollah Ebrahimi

Occupation in Syria and the responsibility of the United Nations

Occupation in Syria and the responsibility of the United Nations

Strategic Council Online—Interview: Associate Professor of the College of Law of the University of Tehran emphasized that the presence of American occupiers and others in Syria is in violation of the incontrovertible principles of the international law, adding that “as against declared claims, the US government and other occupiers have not entered the Syrian soil in order to support humanitarian principles or human rights tenets but the presence of these countries in Syria is for the control of its oil-rich areas and secure their own interests.”

ÚLTIMAS PUBLICACIONES

The Makkah Pact Under scrutiny; From the “Deterrence Dilemma” to the “Risk of Disrupting Security”

SCFR Online – Opinion: The Makkah Pact, signed on August 7, 2026, between Saudi Arabia, Turkey, and Pakistan, is more than an answer to geopolitical vacuums; in practice, it faces a “deterrence dilemma” and “differing threat perception.” While this pact symbolizes a transition toward regional self-reliance, its first field tests and the complexities of relations with regional actors will determine its real meaning.

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Seyyed Nasrollah Ebrahimi

Occupation in Syria and the responsibility of the United Nations

Occupation in Syria and the responsibility of the United Nations

Strategic Council Online—Interview: Associate Professor of the College of Law of the University of Tehran emphasized that the presence of American occupiers and others in Syria is in violation of the incontrovertible principles of the international law, adding that “as against declared claims, the US government and other occupiers have not entered the Syrian soil in order to support humanitarian principles or human rights tenets but the presence of these countries in Syria is for the control of its oil-rich areas and secure their own interests.”

ÚLTIMAS PUBLICACIONES

The Makkah Pact Under scrutiny; From the “Deterrence Dilemma” to the “Risk of Disrupting Security”

SCFR Online – Opinion: The Makkah Pact, signed on August 7, 2026, between Saudi Arabia, Turkey, and Pakistan, is more than an answer to geopolitical vacuums; in practice, it faces a “deterrence dilemma” and “differing threat perception.” While this pact symbolizes a transition toward regional self-reliance, its first field tests and the complexities of relations with regional actors will determine its real meaning.

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