An Analysis of the Makkah Defense Pact
SCFR Online – Opinion: On Friday, August 7, the heads of state of three countries – Saudi Arabia, Turkey, and Pakistan – signed a text under the title “Makkah Joint Defense Agreement.”
SCFR Online – Opinion: On Friday, August 7, the heads of state of three countries – Saudi Arabia, Turkey, and Pakistan – signed a text under the title “Makkah Joint Defense Agreement.”
Strategic Council Online – Note: The initiative to revive the Hejaz Railway, beyond being a transportation project, constitutes an attempt to redefine geopolitics, the economy, and Turkey’s regional position; however, its realization appears to face significant financial, security, and institutional challenges.
SCFR Online – Opinion: The Strait of Hormuz crisis is no longer merely the consequence of a military confrontation, but rather a sign of the transition from the US-centered maritime order to a new energy security structure involving the participation of emerging and influential powers.
SCFR Online – Opinion: Iran’s active deterrence strategy, while increasing the costs of US intervention, has increasingly exposed the hidden rifts between Washington’s interests and those of the Israeli regime.
SCFR Online – Opinion: The escalation of verbal and strategic tensions between Turkey and the Israeli regime, although not increasing the likelihood of direct war, indicates the formation of a new order in West Asian geopolitical rivalries.
Strategic Council Online – Note: Recent developments in the political geography of West Asia, from rising tensions in the Persian Gulf to missile and drone activities in the Red Sea and the recent warning by Kaja Kallas, the European Union’s foreign policy chief, regarding the threat to freedom of navigation, indicate a key pattern shift; the US-Iran war has moved beyond the scope of a regional and local confrontation and has linked two vital passageways for the global economy: the Strait of Hormuz and the Bab el-Mandeb Strait.
SCFR Online – Opinion: The Ukraine war was not merely a European crisis, but rather the starting point for the rearrangement of the global balance of power and a shift in the strategic behavior of great powers.
SCFR Online – Opinion: Great power competition is now pursued more in trade, currency, technology, and global supply chains than on the battlefields of military confrontation.
Strategic Council Online—Interview: A faculty member of Tehran University analyzed the efforts of Western countries to legislate in this regard by stating that Westerners accuse China that the inference method and reasoning process of their artificial intelligence-based systems is without orientation and cannot be described.
Strategic Council Online – Interview: An expert on international governance of cyberspace, stating that militarization of cyberspace causes a change in understanding from cooperation-oriented cyber geopolitics to conflict-oriented cyber geopolitics, said: Especially after Russia’s attack on Ukraine, the gaps in the discussion of international cyberspace governance have deepened.
Strategic Council Online: An analyst of American affairs, noting that US public opinion does not accept Trump’s actions against social media, said: “Such actions will increase the anger against of the protesters and will cause further displeasure with Trump and his administration.”
Strategic Council Online: An analyst of American affairs says there are no signs of resurgence in the crisis caused by the violent protests in the United States, and Donald Trump does not appear to care about healing of the purulent wound that has opened. He said in these riots racial and economic demands have been interlinked and a quasi “bread riot” is taking place in the United States that sets it apart from previous protests.
Strategic Council Online: A faculty member of University of Tehran, referring to the psychological warfare that is currently being waged in foreign media, especially the affiliated and dissident Persian-language media against the Iranian people, said: “This pressure is very serious.” However, we are in the midst of a situation where economic sanctions on the one hand and the conditions of dealing with Corona, on the other hand, are putting pressure on us at the same time.
SCFR Online – Opinion: On Friday, August 7, the heads of state of three countries – Saudi Arabia, Turkey, and Pakistan – signed a text under the title “Makkah Joint Defense Agreement.”
Strategic Council Online – Note: The initiative to revive the Hejaz Railway, beyond being a transportation project, constitutes an attempt to redefine geopolitics, the economy, and Turkey’s regional position; however, its realization appears to face significant financial, security, and institutional challenges.
SCFR Online – Opinion: The Strait of Hormuz crisis is no longer merely the consequence of a military confrontation, but rather a sign of the transition from the US-centered maritime order to a new energy security structure involving the participation of emerging and influential powers.
SCFR Online – Opinion: Iran’s active deterrence strategy, while increasing the costs of US intervention, has increasingly exposed the hidden rifts between Washington’s interests and those of the Israeli regime.
SCFR Online – Opinion: The escalation of verbal and strategic tensions between Turkey and the Israeli regime, although not increasing the likelihood of direct war, indicates the formation of a new order in West Asian geopolitical rivalries.
Strategic Council Online – Note: Recent developments in the political geography of West Asia, from rising tensions in the Persian Gulf to missile and drone activities in the Red Sea and the recent warning by Kaja Kallas, the European Union’s foreign policy chief, regarding the threat to freedom of navigation, indicate a key pattern shift; the US-Iran war has moved beyond the scope of a regional and local confrontation and has linked two vital passageways for the global economy: the Strait of Hormuz and the Bab el-Mandeb Strait.
SCFR Online – Opinion: The Ukraine war was not merely a European crisis, but rather the starting point for the rearrangement of the global balance of power and a shift in the strategic behavior of great powers.
SCFR Online – Opinion: Great power competition is now pursued more in trade, currency, technology, and global supply chains than on the battlefields of military confrontation.
Strategic Council Online—Interview: A faculty member of Tehran University analyzed the efforts of Western countries to legislate in this regard by stating that Westerners accuse China that the inference method and reasoning process of their artificial intelligence-based systems is without orientation and cannot be described.
Strategic Council Online – Interview: An expert on international governance of cyberspace, stating that militarization of cyberspace causes a change in understanding from cooperation-oriented cyber geopolitics to conflict-oriented cyber geopolitics, said: Especially after Russia’s attack on Ukraine, the gaps in the discussion of international cyberspace governance have deepened.
Strategic Council Online: An analyst of American affairs, noting that US public opinion does not accept Trump’s actions against social media, said: “Such actions will increase the anger against of the protesters and will cause further displeasure with Trump and his administration.”
Strategic Council Online: An analyst of American affairs says there are no signs of resurgence in the crisis caused by the violent protests in the United States, and Donald Trump does not appear to care about healing of the purulent wound that has opened. He said in these riots racial and economic demands have been interlinked and a quasi “bread riot” is taking place in the United States that sets it apart from previous protests.
Strategic Council Online: A faculty member of University of Tehran, referring to the psychological warfare that is currently being waged in foreign media, especially the affiliated and dissident Persian-language media against the Iranian people, said: “This pressure is very serious.” However, we are in the midst of a situation where economic sanctions on the one hand and the conditions of dealing with Corona, on the other hand, are putting pressure on us at the same time.
Strategic Council Online—Interview: A faculty member of Tehran University analyzed the efforts of Western countries to legislate in this regard by stating that Westerners accuse China that the inference method and reasoning process of their artificial intelligence-based systems is without orientation and cannot be described.
Strategic Council Online – Interview: An expert on international governance of cyberspace, stating that militarization of cyberspace causes a change in understanding from cooperation-oriented cyber geopolitics to conflict-oriented cyber geopolitics, said: Especially after Russia’s attack on Ukraine, the gaps in the discussion of international cyberspace governance have deepened.
Strategic Council Online: An analyst of American affairs, noting that US public opinion does not accept Trump’s actions against social media, said: “Such actions will increase the anger against of the protesters and will cause further displeasure with Trump and his administration.”
Strategic Council Online: An analyst of American affairs says there are no signs of resurgence in the crisis caused by the violent protests in the United States, and Donald Trump does not appear to care about healing of the purulent wound that has opened. He said in these riots racial and economic demands have been interlinked and a quasi “bread riot” is taking place in the United States that sets it apart from previous protests.
Strategic Council Online: A faculty member of University of Tehran, referring to the psychological warfare that is currently being waged in foreign media, especially the affiliated and dissident Persian-language media against the Iranian people, said: “This pressure is very serious.” However, we are in the midst of a situation where economic sanctions on the one hand and the conditions of dealing with Corona, on the other hand, are putting pressure on us at the same time.
SCFR Online – Opinion: On Friday, August 7, the heads of state of three countries – Saudi Arabia, Turkey, and Pakistan – signed a text under the title “Makkah Joint Defense Agreement.”
Strategic Council Online – Note: The initiative to revive the Hejaz Railway, beyond being a transportation project, constitutes an attempt to redefine geopolitics, the economy, and Turkey’s regional position; however, its realization appears to face significant financial, security, and institutional challenges.
SCFR Online – Opinion: The Strait of Hormuz crisis is no longer merely the consequence of a military confrontation, but rather a sign of the transition from the US-centered maritime order to a new energy security structure involving the participation of emerging and influential powers.
SCFR Online – Opinion: Iran’s active deterrence strategy, while increasing the costs of US intervention, has increasingly exposed the hidden rifts between Washington’s interests and those of the Israeli regime.
SCFR Online – Opinion: The escalation of verbal and strategic tensions between Turkey and the Israeli regime, although not increasing the likelihood of direct war, indicates the formation of a new order in West Asian geopolitical rivalries.
Strategic Council Online – Note: Recent developments in the political geography of West Asia, from rising tensions in the Persian Gulf to missile and drone activities in the Red Sea and the recent warning by Kaja Kallas, the European Union’s foreign policy chief, regarding the threat to freedom of navigation, indicate a key pattern shift; the US-Iran war has moved beyond the scope of a regional and local confrontation and has linked two vital passageways for the global economy: the Strait of Hormuz and the Bab el-Mandeb Strait.
SCFR Online – Opinion: The Ukraine war was not merely a European crisis, but rather the starting point for the rearrangement of the global balance of power and a shift in the strategic behavior of great powers.
SCFR Online – Opinion: Great power competition is now pursued more in trade, currency, technology, and global supply chains than on the battlefields of military confrontation.
Strategic Council Online—Interview: A faculty member of Tehran University analyzed the efforts of Western countries to legislate in this regard by stating that Westerners accuse China that the inference method and reasoning process of their artificial intelligence-based systems is without orientation and cannot be described.
Strategic Council Online – Interview: An expert on international governance of cyberspace, stating that militarization of cyberspace causes a change in understanding from cooperation-oriented cyber geopolitics to conflict-oriented cyber geopolitics, said: Especially after Russia’s attack on Ukraine, the gaps in the discussion of international cyberspace governance have deepened.
Strategic Council Online: An analyst of American affairs, noting that US public opinion does not accept Trump’s actions against social media, said: “Such actions will increase the anger against of the protesters and will cause further displeasure with Trump and his administration.”
Strategic Council Online: An analyst of American affairs says there are no signs of resurgence in the crisis caused by the violent protests in the United States, and Donald Trump does not appear to care about healing of the purulent wound that has opened. He said in these riots racial and economic demands have been interlinked and a quasi “bread riot” is taking place in the United States that sets it apart from previous protests.
Strategic Council Online: A faculty member of University of Tehran, referring to the psychological warfare that is currently being waged in foreign media, especially the affiliated and dissident Persian-language media against the Iranian people, said: “This pressure is very serious.” However, we are in the midst of a situation where economic sanctions on the one hand and the conditions of dealing with Corona, on the other hand, are putting pressure on us at the same time.
SCFR Online – Opinion: On Friday, August 7, the heads of state of three countries – Saudi Arabia, Turkey, and Pakistan – signed a text under the title “Makkah Joint Defense Agreement.”
Strategic Council Online – Note: The initiative to revive the Hejaz Railway, beyond being a transportation project, constitutes an attempt to redefine geopolitics, the economy, and Turkey’s regional position; however, its realization appears to face significant financial, security, and institutional challenges.
SCFR Online – Opinion: The Strait of Hormuz crisis is no longer merely the consequence of a military confrontation, but rather a sign of the transition from the US-centered maritime order to a new energy security structure involving the participation of emerging and influential powers.
SCFR Online – Opinion: Iran’s active deterrence strategy, while increasing the costs of US intervention, has increasingly exposed the hidden rifts between Washington’s interests and those of the Israeli regime.
SCFR Online – Opinion: The escalation of verbal and strategic tensions between Turkey and the Israeli regime, although not increasing the likelihood of direct war, indicates the formation of a new order in West Asian geopolitical rivalries.
Strategic Council Online – Note: Recent developments in the political geography of West Asia, from rising tensions in the Persian Gulf to missile and drone activities in the Red Sea and the recent warning by Kaja Kallas, the European Union’s foreign policy chief, regarding the threat to freedom of navigation, indicate a key pattern shift; the US-Iran war has moved beyond the scope of a regional and local confrontation and has linked two vital passageways for the global economy: the Strait of Hormuz and the Bab el-Mandeb Strait.
SCFR Online – Opinion: The Ukraine war was not merely a European crisis, but rather the starting point for the rearrangement of the global balance of power and a shift in the strategic behavior of great powers.
SCFR Online – Opinion: Great power competition is now pursued more in trade, currency, technology, and global supply chains than on the battlefields of military confrontation.
Strategic Council Online—Interview: A faculty member of Tehran University analyzed the efforts of Western countries to legislate in this regard by stating that Westerners accuse China that the inference method and reasoning process of their artificial intelligence-based systems is without orientation and cannot be described.
Strategic Council Online – Interview: An expert on international governance of cyberspace, stating that militarization of cyberspace causes a change in understanding from cooperation-oriented cyber geopolitics to conflict-oriented cyber geopolitics, said: Especially after Russia’s attack on Ukraine, the gaps in the discussion of international cyberspace governance have deepened.
Strategic Council Online: An analyst of American affairs, noting that US public opinion does not accept Trump’s actions against social media, said: “Such actions will increase the anger against of the protesters and will cause further displeasure with Trump and his administration.”
Strategic Council Online: An analyst of American affairs says there are no signs of resurgence in the crisis caused by the violent protests in the United States, and Donald Trump does not appear to care about healing of the purulent wound that has opened. He said in these riots racial and economic demands have been interlinked and a quasi “bread riot” is taking place in the United States that sets it apart from previous protests.
Strategic Council Online: A faculty member of University of Tehran, referring to the psychological warfare that is currently being waged in foreign media, especially the affiliated and dissident Persian-language media against the Iranian people, said: “This pressure is very serious.” However, we are in the midst of a situation where economic sanctions on the one hand and the conditions of dealing with Corona, on the other hand, are putting pressure on us at the same time.
SCFR Online – Opinion: On Friday, August 7, the heads of state of three countries – Saudi Arabia, Turkey, and Pakistan – signed a text under the title “Makkah Joint Defense Agreement.”
Strategic Council Online – Note: The initiative to revive the Hejaz Railway, beyond being a transportation project, constitutes an attempt to redefine geopolitics, the economy, and Turkey’s regional position; however, its realization appears to face significant financial, security, and institutional challenges.
SCFR Online – Opinion: The Strait of Hormuz crisis is no longer merely the consequence of a military confrontation, but rather a sign of the transition from the US-centered maritime order to a new energy security structure involving the participation of emerging and influential powers.
SCFR Online – Opinion: Iran’s active deterrence strategy, while increasing the costs of US intervention, has increasingly exposed the hidden rifts between Washington’s interests and those of the Israeli regime.
SCFR Online – Opinion: The escalation of verbal and strategic tensions between Turkey and the Israeli regime, although not increasing the likelihood of direct war, indicates the formation of a new order in West Asian geopolitical rivalries.
Strategic Council Online – Note: Recent developments in the political geography of West Asia, from rising tensions in the Persian Gulf to missile and drone activities in the Red Sea and the recent warning by Kaja Kallas, the European Union’s foreign policy chief, regarding the threat to freedom of navigation, indicate a key pattern shift; the US-Iran war has moved beyond the scope of a regional and local confrontation and has linked two vital passageways for the global economy: the Strait of Hormuz and the Bab el-Mandeb Strait.
SCFR Online – Opinion: The Ukraine war was not merely a European crisis, but rather the starting point for the rearrangement of the global balance of power and a shift in the strategic behavior of great powers.
SCFR Online – Opinion: Great power competition is now pursued more in trade, currency, technology, and global supply chains than on the battlefields of military confrontation.
Strategic Council Online—Interview: A faculty member of Tehran University analyzed the efforts of Western countries to legislate in this regard by stating that Westerners accuse China that the inference method and reasoning process of their artificial intelligence-based systems is without orientation and cannot be described.
Strategic Council Online – Interview: An expert on international governance of cyberspace, stating that militarization of cyberspace causes a change in understanding from cooperation-oriented cyber geopolitics to conflict-oriented cyber geopolitics, said: Especially after Russia’s attack on Ukraine, the gaps in the discussion of international cyberspace governance have deepened.
Strategic Council Online: An analyst of American affairs, noting that US public opinion does not accept Trump’s actions against social media, said: “Such actions will increase the anger against of the protesters and will cause further displeasure with Trump and his administration.”
Strategic Council Online: An analyst of American affairs says there are no signs of resurgence in the crisis caused by the violent protests in the United States, and Donald Trump does not appear to care about healing of the purulent wound that has opened. He said in these riots racial and economic demands have been interlinked and a quasi “bread riot” is taking place in the United States that sets it apart from previous protests.
Strategic Council Online: A faculty member of University of Tehran, referring to the psychological warfare that is currently being waged in foreign media, especially the affiliated and dissident Persian-language media against the Iranian people, said: “This pressure is very serious.” However, we are in the midst of a situation where economic sanctions on the one hand and the conditions of dealing with Corona, on the other hand, are putting pressure on us at the same time.
SCFR Online – Opinion: On Friday, August 7, the heads of state of three countries – Saudi Arabia, Turkey, and Pakistan – signed a text under the title “Makkah Joint Defense Agreement.”
Strategic Council Online – Note: The initiative to revive the Hejaz Railway, beyond being a transportation project, constitutes an attempt to redefine geopolitics, the economy, and Turkey’s regional position; however, its realization appears to face significant financial, security, and institutional challenges.
SCFR Online – Opinion: The Strait of Hormuz crisis is no longer merely the consequence of a military confrontation, but rather a sign of the transition from the US-centered maritime order to a new energy security structure involving the participation of emerging and influential powers.
SCFR Online – Opinion: Iran’s active deterrence strategy, while increasing the costs of US intervention, has increasingly exposed the hidden rifts between Washington’s interests and those of the Israeli regime.
SCFR Online – Opinion: The escalation of verbal and strategic tensions between Turkey and the Israeli regime, although not increasing the likelihood of direct war, indicates the formation of a new order in West Asian geopolitical rivalries.
Strategic Council Online – Note: Recent developments in the political geography of West Asia, from rising tensions in the Persian Gulf to missile and drone activities in the Red Sea and the recent warning by Kaja Kallas, the European Union’s foreign policy chief, regarding the threat to freedom of navigation, indicate a key pattern shift; the US-Iran war has moved beyond the scope of a regional and local confrontation and has linked two vital passageways for the global economy: the Strait of Hormuz and the Bab el-Mandeb Strait.
SCFR Online – Opinion: The Ukraine war was not merely a European crisis, but rather the starting point for the rearrangement of the global balance of power and a shift in the strategic behavior of great powers.
SCFR Online – Opinion: Great power competition is now pursued more in trade, currency, technology, and global supply chains than on the battlefields of military confrontation.
Strategic Council Online—Interview: A faculty member of Tehran University analyzed the efforts of Western countries to legislate in this regard by stating that Westerners accuse China that the inference method and reasoning process of their artificial intelligence-based systems is without orientation and cannot be described.
Strategic Council Online – Interview: An expert on international governance of cyberspace, stating that militarization of cyberspace causes a change in understanding from cooperation-oriented cyber geopolitics to conflict-oriented cyber geopolitics, said: Especially after Russia’s attack on Ukraine, the gaps in the discussion of international cyberspace governance have deepened.
Strategic Council Online: An analyst of American affairs, noting that US public opinion does not accept Trump’s actions against social media, said: “Such actions will increase the anger against of the protesters and will cause further displeasure with Trump and his administration.”
Strategic Council Online: An analyst of American affairs says there are no signs of resurgence in the crisis caused by the violent protests in the United States, and Donald Trump does not appear to care about healing of the purulent wound that has opened. He said in these riots racial and economic demands have been interlinked and a quasi “bread riot” is taking place in the United States that sets it apart from previous protests.
Strategic Council Online: A faculty member of University of Tehran, referring to the psychological warfare that is currently being waged in foreign media, especially the affiliated and dissident Persian-language media against the Iranian people, said: “This pressure is very serious.” However, we are in the midst of a situation where economic sanctions on the one hand and the conditions of dealing with Corona, on the other hand, are putting pressure on us at the same time.
SCFR Online – Opinion: On Friday, August 7, the heads of state of three countries – Saudi Arabia, Turkey, and Pakistan – signed a text under the title “Makkah Joint Defense Agreement.”
Strategic Council Online – Note: The initiative to revive the Hejaz Railway, beyond being a transportation project, constitutes an attempt to redefine geopolitics, the economy, and Turkey’s regional position; however, its realization appears to face significant financial, security, and institutional challenges.
SCFR Online – Opinion: The Strait of Hormuz crisis is no longer merely the consequence of a military confrontation, but rather a sign of the transition from the US-centered maritime order to a new energy security structure involving the participation of emerging and influential powers.
SCFR Online – Opinion: Iran’s active deterrence strategy, while increasing the costs of US intervention, has increasingly exposed the hidden rifts between Washington’s interests and those of the Israeli regime.
SCFR Online – Opinion: The escalation of verbal and strategic tensions between Turkey and the Israeli regime, although not increasing the likelihood of direct war, indicates the formation of a new order in West Asian geopolitical rivalries.
Strategic Council Online – Note: Recent developments in the political geography of West Asia, from rising tensions in the Persian Gulf to missile and drone activities in the Red Sea and the recent warning by Kaja Kallas, the European Union’s foreign policy chief, regarding the threat to freedom of navigation, indicate a key pattern shift; the US-Iran war has moved beyond the scope of a regional and local confrontation and has linked two vital passageways for the global economy: the Strait of Hormuz and the Bab el-Mandeb Strait.
SCFR Online – Opinion: The Ukraine war was not merely a European crisis, but rather the starting point for the rearrangement of the global balance of power and a shift in the strategic behavior of great powers.
SCFR Online – Opinion: Great power competition is now pursued more in trade, currency, technology, and global supply chains than on the battlefields of military confrontation.