An Analysis of the Makkah Defense Pact
SCFR Online – Opinion: On Friday, August 7, the heads of state of three countries – Saudi Arabia, Turkey, and Pakistan – signed a text under the title “Makkah Joint Defense Agreement.”
SCFR Online – Opinion: On Friday, August 7, the heads of state of three countries – Saudi Arabia, Turkey, and Pakistan – signed a text under the title “Makkah Joint Defense Agreement.”
Strategic Council Online – Note: The initiative to revive the Hejaz Railway, beyond being a transportation project, constitutes an attempt to redefine geopolitics, the economy, and Turkey’s regional position; however, its realization appears to face significant financial, security, and institutional challenges.
SCFR Online – Opinion: The Strait of Hormuz crisis is no longer merely the consequence of a military confrontation, but rather a sign of the transition from the US-centered maritime order to a new energy security structure involving the participation of emerging and influential powers.
SCFR Online – Opinion: Iran’s active deterrence strategy, while increasing the costs of US intervention, has increasingly exposed the hidden rifts between Washington’s interests and those of the Israeli regime.
SCFR Online – Opinion: The escalation of verbal and strategic tensions between Turkey and the Israeli regime, although not increasing the likelihood of direct war, indicates the formation of a new order in West Asian geopolitical rivalries.
Strategic Council Online – Note: Recent developments in the political geography of West Asia, from rising tensions in the Persian Gulf to missile and drone activities in the Red Sea and the recent warning by Kaja Kallas, the European Union’s foreign policy chief, regarding the threat to freedom of navigation, indicate a key pattern shift; the US-Iran war has moved beyond the scope of a regional and local confrontation and has linked two vital passageways for the global economy: the Strait of Hormuz and the Bab el-Mandeb Strait.
SCFR Online – Opinion: The Ukraine war was not merely a European crisis, but rather the starting point for the rearrangement of the global balance of power and a shift in the strategic behavior of great powers.
SCFR Online – Opinion: Great power competition is now pursued more in trade, currency, technology, and global supply chains than on the battlefields of military confrontation.
Strategic Council Online- Opinion: Abiding by democratic and legal methods and keeping the country away from security tensions are only ways to materialize the goals and securing people’s interests of Iraq.
Najmeh Pour Esmaeili, Researcher, Tehran Abrar Mo’aasser Institute
Strategic Council Online – Interview: A professor at the University of Tehran believes that the general arrangement reflected in the vote-counting in the Iraqi elections indicates a serious fragmentation of the Iraqi society in the field of politics.
Strategic Council Online- Opinion: The fifth parliamentary election in Iraq was held on October 10, 2021, especially amid particular international, regional and domestic situation which was coupled with challenging sidelines. It seems to be normal to some extent in a country like Iraq as a country that practices transition and where the foundations of democracy are not solidified yet.
Hamid Khoshayand, Analyst of international affairs
Strategic Council Online- Opinion: The result of the Iraqi parliamentary election drew the attention of observers and political circles because it has changed the political arrangement of the Parliament of the country.
Siamak Kakaei, Expert on Iraq affairs
SCFR Online – Opinion: On Friday, August 7, the heads of state of three countries – Saudi Arabia, Turkey, and Pakistan – signed a text under the title “Makkah Joint Defense Agreement.”
Strategic Council Online – Note: The initiative to revive the Hejaz Railway, beyond being a transportation project, constitutes an attempt to redefine geopolitics, the economy, and Turkey’s regional position; however, its realization appears to face significant financial, security, and institutional challenges.
SCFR Online – Opinion: The Strait of Hormuz crisis is no longer merely the consequence of a military confrontation, but rather a sign of the transition from the US-centered maritime order to a new energy security structure involving the participation of emerging and influential powers.
SCFR Online – Opinion: Iran’s active deterrence strategy, while increasing the costs of US intervention, has increasingly exposed the hidden rifts between Washington’s interests and those of the Israeli regime.
SCFR Online – Opinion: The escalation of verbal and strategic tensions between Turkey and the Israeli regime, although not increasing the likelihood of direct war, indicates the formation of a new order in West Asian geopolitical rivalries.
Strategic Council Online – Note: Recent developments in the political geography of West Asia, from rising tensions in the Persian Gulf to missile and drone activities in the Red Sea and the recent warning by Kaja Kallas, the European Union’s foreign policy chief, regarding the threat to freedom of navigation, indicate a key pattern shift; the US-Iran war has moved beyond the scope of a regional and local confrontation and has linked two vital passageways for the global economy: the Strait of Hormuz and the Bab el-Mandeb Strait.
SCFR Online – Opinion: The Ukraine war was not merely a European crisis, but rather the starting point for the rearrangement of the global balance of power and a shift in the strategic behavior of great powers.
SCFR Online – Opinion: Great power competition is now pursued more in trade, currency, technology, and global supply chains than on the battlefields of military confrontation.
Strategic Council Online- Opinion: Abiding by democratic and legal methods and keeping the country away from security tensions are only ways to materialize the goals and securing people’s interests of Iraq.
Najmeh Pour Esmaeili, Researcher, Tehran Abrar Mo’aasser Institute
Strategic Council Online – Interview: A professor at the University of Tehran believes that the general arrangement reflected in the vote-counting in the Iraqi elections indicates a serious fragmentation of the Iraqi society in the field of politics.
Strategic Council Online- Opinion: The fifth parliamentary election in Iraq was held on October 10, 2021, especially amid particular international, regional and domestic situation which was coupled with challenging sidelines. It seems to be normal to some extent in a country like Iraq as a country that practices transition and where the foundations of democracy are not solidified yet.
Hamid Khoshayand, Analyst of international affairs
Strategic Council Online- Opinion: The result of the Iraqi parliamentary election drew the attention of observers and political circles because it has changed the political arrangement of the Parliament of the country.
Siamak Kakaei, Expert on Iraq affairs
Strategic Council Online- Opinion: Abiding by democratic and legal methods and keeping the country away from security tensions are only ways to materialize the goals and securing people’s interests of Iraq.
Najmeh Pour Esmaeili, Researcher, Tehran Abrar Mo’aasser Institute
Strategic Council Online – Interview: A professor at the University of Tehran believes that the general arrangement reflected in the vote-counting in the Iraqi elections indicates a serious fragmentation of the Iraqi society in the field of politics.
Strategic Council Online- Opinion: The fifth parliamentary election in Iraq was held on October 10, 2021, especially amid particular international, regional and domestic situation which was coupled with challenging sidelines. It seems to be normal to some extent in a country like Iraq as a country that practices transition and where the foundations of democracy are not solidified yet.
Hamid Khoshayand, Analyst of international affairs
Strategic Council Online- Opinion: The result of the Iraqi parliamentary election drew the attention of observers and political circles because it has changed the political arrangement of the Parliament of the country.
Siamak Kakaei, Expert on Iraq affairs
SCFR Online – Opinion: On Friday, August 7, the heads of state of three countries – Saudi Arabia, Turkey, and Pakistan – signed a text under the title “Makkah Joint Defense Agreement.”
Strategic Council Online – Note: The initiative to revive the Hejaz Railway, beyond being a transportation project, constitutes an attempt to redefine geopolitics, the economy, and Turkey’s regional position; however, its realization appears to face significant financial, security, and institutional challenges.
SCFR Online – Opinion: The Strait of Hormuz crisis is no longer merely the consequence of a military confrontation, but rather a sign of the transition from the US-centered maritime order to a new energy security structure involving the participation of emerging and influential powers.
SCFR Online – Opinion: Iran’s active deterrence strategy, while increasing the costs of US intervention, has increasingly exposed the hidden rifts between Washington’s interests and those of the Israeli regime.
SCFR Online – Opinion: The escalation of verbal and strategic tensions between Turkey and the Israeli regime, although not increasing the likelihood of direct war, indicates the formation of a new order in West Asian geopolitical rivalries.
Strategic Council Online – Note: Recent developments in the political geography of West Asia, from rising tensions in the Persian Gulf to missile and drone activities in the Red Sea and the recent warning by Kaja Kallas, the European Union’s foreign policy chief, regarding the threat to freedom of navigation, indicate a key pattern shift; the US-Iran war has moved beyond the scope of a regional and local confrontation and has linked two vital passageways for the global economy: the Strait of Hormuz and the Bab el-Mandeb Strait.
SCFR Online – Opinion: The Ukraine war was not merely a European crisis, but rather the starting point for the rearrangement of the global balance of power and a shift in the strategic behavior of great powers.
SCFR Online – Opinion: Great power competition is now pursued more in trade, currency, technology, and global supply chains than on the battlefields of military confrontation.
Strategic Council Online- Opinion: Abiding by democratic and legal methods and keeping the country away from security tensions are only ways to materialize the goals and securing people’s interests of Iraq.
Najmeh Pour Esmaeili, Researcher, Tehran Abrar Mo’aasser Institute
Strategic Council Online – Interview: A professor at the University of Tehran believes that the general arrangement reflected in the vote-counting in the Iraqi elections indicates a serious fragmentation of the Iraqi society in the field of politics.
Strategic Council Online- Opinion: The fifth parliamentary election in Iraq was held on October 10, 2021, especially amid particular international, regional and domestic situation which was coupled with challenging sidelines. It seems to be normal to some extent in a country like Iraq as a country that practices transition and where the foundations of democracy are not solidified yet.
Hamid Khoshayand, Analyst of international affairs
Strategic Council Online- Opinion: The result of the Iraqi parliamentary election drew the attention of observers and political circles because it has changed the political arrangement of the Parliament of the country.
Siamak Kakaei, Expert on Iraq affairs
SCFR Online – Opinion: On Friday, August 7, the heads of state of three countries – Saudi Arabia, Turkey, and Pakistan – signed a text under the title “Makkah Joint Defense Agreement.”
Strategic Council Online – Note: The initiative to revive the Hejaz Railway, beyond being a transportation project, constitutes an attempt to redefine geopolitics, the economy, and Turkey’s regional position; however, its realization appears to face significant financial, security, and institutional challenges.
SCFR Online – Opinion: The Strait of Hormuz crisis is no longer merely the consequence of a military confrontation, but rather a sign of the transition from the US-centered maritime order to a new energy security structure involving the participation of emerging and influential powers.
SCFR Online – Opinion: Iran’s active deterrence strategy, while increasing the costs of US intervention, has increasingly exposed the hidden rifts between Washington’s interests and those of the Israeli regime.
SCFR Online – Opinion: The escalation of verbal and strategic tensions between Turkey and the Israeli regime, although not increasing the likelihood of direct war, indicates the formation of a new order in West Asian geopolitical rivalries.
Strategic Council Online – Note: Recent developments in the political geography of West Asia, from rising tensions in the Persian Gulf to missile and drone activities in the Red Sea and the recent warning by Kaja Kallas, the European Union’s foreign policy chief, regarding the threat to freedom of navigation, indicate a key pattern shift; the US-Iran war has moved beyond the scope of a regional and local confrontation and has linked two vital passageways for the global economy: the Strait of Hormuz and the Bab el-Mandeb Strait.
SCFR Online – Opinion: The Ukraine war was not merely a European crisis, but rather the starting point for the rearrangement of the global balance of power and a shift in the strategic behavior of great powers.
SCFR Online – Opinion: Great power competition is now pursued more in trade, currency, technology, and global supply chains than on the battlefields of military confrontation.
Strategic Council Online- Opinion: Abiding by democratic and legal methods and keeping the country away from security tensions are only ways to materialize the goals and securing people’s interests of Iraq.
Najmeh Pour Esmaeili, Researcher, Tehran Abrar Mo’aasser Institute
Strategic Council Online – Interview: A professor at the University of Tehran believes that the general arrangement reflected in the vote-counting in the Iraqi elections indicates a serious fragmentation of the Iraqi society in the field of politics.
Strategic Council Online- Opinion: The fifth parliamentary election in Iraq was held on October 10, 2021, especially amid particular international, regional and domestic situation which was coupled with challenging sidelines. It seems to be normal to some extent in a country like Iraq as a country that practices transition and where the foundations of democracy are not solidified yet.
Hamid Khoshayand, Analyst of international affairs
Strategic Council Online- Opinion: The result of the Iraqi parliamentary election drew the attention of observers and political circles because it has changed the political arrangement of the Parliament of the country.
Siamak Kakaei, Expert on Iraq affairs
SCFR Online – Opinion: On Friday, August 7, the heads of state of three countries – Saudi Arabia, Turkey, and Pakistan – signed a text under the title “Makkah Joint Defense Agreement.”
Strategic Council Online – Note: The initiative to revive the Hejaz Railway, beyond being a transportation project, constitutes an attempt to redefine geopolitics, the economy, and Turkey’s regional position; however, its realization appears to face significant financial, security, and institutional challenges.
SCFR Online – Opinion: The Strait of Hormuz crisis is no longer merely the consequence of a military confrontation, but rather a sign of the transition from the US-centered maritime order to a new energy security structure involving the participation of emerging and influential powers.
SCFR Online – Opinion: Iran’s active deterrence strategy, while increasing the costs of US intervention, has increasingly exposed the hidden rifts between Washington’s interests and those of the Israeli regime.
SCFR Online – Opinion: The escalation of verbal and strategic tensions between Turkey and the Israeli regime, although not increasing the likelihood of direct war, indicates the formation of a new order in West Asian geopolitical rivalries.
Strategic Council Online – Note: Recent developments in the political geography of West Asia, from rising tensions in the Persian Gulf to missile and drone activities in the Red Sea and the recent warning by Kaja Kallas, the European Union’s foreign policy chief, regarding the threat to freedom of navigation, indicate a key pattern shift; the US-Iran war has moved beyond the scope of a regional and local confrontation and has linked two vital passageways for the global economy: the Strait of Hormuz and the Bab el-Mandeb Strait.
SCFR Online – Opinion: The Ukraine war was not merely a European crisis, but rather the starting point for the rearrangement of the global balance of power and a shift in the strategic behavior of great powers.
SCFR Online – Opinion: Great power competition is now pursued more in trade, currency, technology, and global supply chains than on the battlefields of military confrontation.
Strategic Council Online- Opinion: Abiding by democratic and legal methods and keeping the country away from security tensions are only ways to materialize the goals and securing people’s interests of Iraq.
Najmeh Pour Esmaeili, Researcher, Tehran Abrar Mo’aasser Institute
Strategic Council Online – Interview: A professor at the University of Tehran believes that the general arrangement reflected in the vote-counting in the Iraqi elections indicates a serious fragmentation of the Iraqi society in the field of politics.
Strategic Council Online- Opinion: The fifth parliamentary election in Iraq was held on October 10, 2021, especially amid particular international, regional and domestic situation which was coupled with challenging sidelines. It seems to be normal to some extent in a country like Iraq as a country that practices transition and where the foundations of democracy are not solidified yet.
Hamid Khoshayand, Analyst of international affairs
Strategic Council Online- Opinion: The result of the Iraqi parliamentary election drew the attention of observers and political circles because it has changed the political arrangement of the Parliament of the country.
Siamak Kakaei, Expert on Iraq affairs
SCFR Online – Opinion: On Friday, August 7, the heads of state of three countries – Saudi Arabia, Turkey, and Pakistan – signed a text under the title “Makkah Joint Defense Agreement.”
Strategic Council Online – Note: The initiative to revive the Hejaz Railway, beyond being a transportation project, constitutes an attempt to redefine geopolitics, the economy, and Turkey’s regional position; however, its realization appears to face significant financial, security, and institutional challenges.
SCFR Online – Opinion: The Strait of Hormuz crisis is no longer merely the consequence of a military confrontation, but rather a sign of the transition from the US-centered maritime order to a new energy security structure involving the participation of emerging and influential powers.
SCFR Online – Opinion: Iran’s active deterrence strategy, while increasing the costs of US intervention, has increasingly exposed the hidden rifts between Washington’s interests and those of the Israeli regime.
SCFR Online – Opinion: The escalation of verbal and strategic tensions between Turkey and the Israeli regime, although not increasing the likelihood of direct war, indicates the formation of a new order in West Asian geopolitical rivalries.
Strategic Council Online – Note: Recent developments in the political geography of West Asia, from rising tensions in the Persian Gulf to missile and drone activities in the Red Sea and the recent warning by Kaja Kallas, the European Union’s foreign policy chief, regarding the threat to freedom of navigation, indicate a key pattern shift; the US-Iran war has moved beyond the scope of a regional and local confrontation and has linked two vital passageways for the global economy: the Strait of Hormuz and the Bab el-Mandeb Strait.
SCFR Online – Opinion: The Ukraine war was not merely a European crisis, but rather the starting point for the rearrangement of the global balance of power and a shift in the strategic behavior of great powers.
SCFR Online – Opinion: Great power competition is now pursued more in trade, currency, technology, and global supply chains than on the battlefields of military confrontation.
Strategic Council Online- Opinion: Abiding by democratic and legal methods and keeping the country away from security tensions are only ways to materialize the goals and securing people’s interests of Iraq.
Najmeh Pour Esmaeili, Researcher, Tehran Abrar Mo’aasser Institute
Strategic Council Online – Interview: A professor at the University of Tehran believes that the general arrangement reflected in the vote-counting in the Iraqi elections indicates a serious fragmentation of the Iraqi society in the field of politics.
Strategic Council Online- Opinion: The fifth parliamentary election in Iraq was held on October 10, 2021, especially amid particular international, regional and domestic situation which was coupled with challenging sidelines. It seems to be normal to some extent in a country like Iraq as a country that practices transition and where the foundations of democracy are not solidified yet.
Hamid Khoshayand, Analyst of international affairs
Strategic Council Online- Opinion: The result of the Iraqi parliamentary election drew the attention of observers and political circles because it has changed the political arrangement of the Parliament of the country.
Siamak Kakaei, Expert on Iraq affairs
SCFR Online – Opinion: On Friday, August 7, the heads of state of three countries – Saudi Arabia, Turkey, and Pakistan – signed a text under the title “Makkah Joint Defense Agreement.”
Strategic Council Online – Note: The initiative to revive the Hejaz Railway, beyond being a transportation project, constitutes an attempt to redefine geopolitics, the economy, and Turkey’s regional position; however, its realization appears to face significant financial, security, and institutional challenges.
SCFR Online – Opinion: The Strait of Hormuz crisis is no longer merely the consequence of a military confrontation, but rather a sign of the transition from the US-centered maritime order to a new energy security structure involving the participation of emerging and influential powers.
SCFR Online – Opinion: Iran’s active deterrence strategy, while increasing the costs of US intervention, has increasingly exposed the hidden rifts between Washington’s interests and those of the Israeli regime.
SCFR Online – Opinion: The escalation of verbal and strategic tensions between Turkey and the Israeli regime, although not increasing the likelihood of direct war, indicates the formation of a new order in West Asian geopolitical rivalries.
Strategic Council Online – Note: Recent developments in the political geography of West Asia, from rising tensions in the Persian Gulf to missile and drone activities in the Red Sea and the recent warning by Kaja Kallas, the European Union’s foreign policy chief, regarding the threat to freedom of navigation, indicate a key pattern shift; the US-Iran war has moved beyond the scope of a regional and local confrontation and has linked two vital passageways for the global economy: the Strait of Hormuz and the Bab el-Mandeb Strait.
SCFR Online – Opinion: The Ukraine war was not merely a European crisis, but rather the starting point for the rearrangement of the global balance of power and a shift in the strategic behavior of great powers.
SCFR Online – Opinion: Great power competition is now pursued more in trade, currency, technology, and global supply chains than on the battlefields of military confrontation.