An Analysis of the Makkah Defense Pact
SCFR Online – Opinion: On Friday, August 7, the heads of state of three countries – Saudi Arabia, Turkey, and Pakistan – signed a text under the title “Makkah Joint Defense Agreement.”
SCFR Online – Opinion: On Friday, August 7, the heads of state of three countries – Saudi Arabia, Turkey, and Pakistan – signed a text under the title “Makkah Joint Defense Agreement.”
Strategic Council Online – Note: The initiative to revive the Hejaz Railway, beyond being a transportation project, constitutes an attempt to redefine geopolitics, the economy, and Turkey’s regional position; however, its realization appears to face significant financial, security, and institutional challenges.
SCFR Online – Opinion: The Strait of Hormuz crisis is no longer merely the consequence of a military confrontation, but rather a sign of the transition from the US-centered maritime order to a new energy security structure involving the participation of emerging and influential powers.
SCFR Online – Opinion: Iran’s active deterrence strategy, while increasing the costs of US intervention, has increasingly exposed the hidden rifts between Washington’s interests and those of the Israeli regime.
SCFR Online – Opinion: The escalation of verbal and strategic tensions between Turkey and the Israeli regime, although not increasing the likelihood of direct war, indicates the formation of a new order in West Asian geopolitical rivalries.
Strategic Council Online – Note: Recent developments in the political geography of West Asia, from rising tensions in the Persian Gulf to missile and drone activities in the Red Sea and the recent warning by Kaja Kallas, the European Union’s foreign policy chief, regarding the threat to freedom of navigation, indicate a key pattern shift; the US-Iran war has moved beyond the scope of a regional and local confrontation and has linked two vital passageways for the global economy: the Strait of Hormuz and the Bab el-Mandeb Strait.
SCFR Online – Opinion: The Ukraine war was not merely a European crisis, but rather the starting point for the rearrangement of the global balance of power and a shift in the strategic behavior of great powers.
SCFR Online – Opinion: Great power competition is now pursued more in trade, currency, technology, and global supply chains than on the battlefields of military confrontation.
Strategic Council Online—Opinion: The latest report from the Swedish think-tank Sipri, which is active in the field of weapons surveillance worldwide, shows a worrying trend in the growth of nuclear arsenals. This is despite the fact that this trend has been declining since the Cold War.
Dr. Ali Karbalaei Hosseini—Researcher of International Law
Strategic Council Online – Note: The alarm for the World War II was officially sounded with the German invasion of Poland, on September 1, 1939, and left a black record behind by leaving 50 million dead, millions disabled and 30 million migrated. One of the significant incidents of the war was the US atomic bombing of Hiroshima (August 6, 1945) to force the Japanese government to surrender. The city of Nagasaki was also bombed on August 9, 1945. Shortly afterwards, the then Emperor of Japan announced in a speech that he had made unconditional peace with the Allies in order to protect the people of his country and thereby stop the greatest crime against humanity.
Mahmoud Fazeli – Analyst of international affairs
Strategic Council Online—Interview: An expert of West Asia affairs says crimes of the United States and Saudi Arabia against the people of Yemen are unprecedented in the history of humanity and the massive sale of arms during the past five years to Saudi Arabia has emboldened the Al Saud regime to keep on its crimes and murder against the people of Yemen.
Strategic Council Online – Prince Vladimir’s submarine, which joined the Russian Navy on June 12, 2020 on the occasion of the Russia Day celebrations is the fourth generation of nuclear submarines with significant capabilities. The submarine, capable of launching 20 nuclear warhead missiles at the same time, is equipped with advanced deep manoeuvring systems and the use of modern weapons. Prince Vladimir’s submarine can go 400 meters deep into the ocean to evade radars.
Dr. Shoaib Bahman – Expert on Russian Affairs
SCFR Online – Opinion: On Friday, August 7, the heads of state of three countries – Saudi Arabia, Turkey, and Pakistan – signed a text under the title “Makkah Joint Defense Agreement.”
Strategic Council Online – Note: The initiative to revive the Hejaz Railway, beyond being a transportation project, constitutes an attempt to redefine geopolitics, the economy, and Turkey’s regional position; however, its realization appears to face significant financial, security, and institutional challenges.
SCFR Online – Opinion: The Strait of Hormuz crisis is no longer merely the consequence of a military confrontation, but rather a sign of the transition from the US-centered maritime order to a new energy security structure involving the participation of emerging and influential powers.
SCFR Online – Opinion: Iran’s active deterrence strategy, while increasing the costs of US intervention, has increasingly exposed the hidden rifts between Washington’s interests and those of the Israeli regime.
SCFR Online – Opinion: The escalation of verbal and strategic tensions between Turkey and the Israeli regime, although not increasing the likelihood of direct war, indicates the formation of a new order in West Asian geopolitical rivalries.
Strategic Council Online – Note: Recent developments in the political geography of West Asia, from rising tensions in the Persian Gulf to missile and drone activities in the Red Sea and the recent warning by Kaja Kallas, the European Union’s foreign policy chief, regarding the threat to freedom of navigation, indicate a key pattern shift; the US-Iran war has moved beyond the scope of a regional and local confrontation and has linked two vital passageways for the global economy: the Strait of Hormuz and the Bab el-Mandeb Strait.
SCFR Online – Opinion: The Ukraine war was not merely a European crisis, but rather the starting point for the rearrangement of the global balance of power and a shift in the strategic behavior of great powers.
SCFR Online – Opinion: Great power competition is now pursued more in trade, currency, technology, and global supply chains than on the battlefields of military confrontation.
Strategic Council Online—Opinion: The latest report from the Swedish think-tank Sipri, which is active in the field of weapons surveillance worldwide, shows a worrying trend in the growth of nuclear arsenals. This is despite the fact that this trend has been declining since the Cold War.
Dr. Ali Karbalaei Hosseini—Researcher of International Law
Strategic Council Online – Note: The alarm for the World War II was officially sounded with the German invasion of Poland, on September 1, 1939, and left a black record behind by leaving 50 million dead, millions disabled and 30 million migrated. One of the significant incidents of the war was the US atomic bombing of Hiroshima (August 6, 1945) to force the Japanese government to surrender. The city of Nagasaki was also bombed on August 9, 1945. Shortly afterwards, the then Emperor of Japan announced in a speech that he had made unconditional peace with the Allies in order to protect the people of his country and thereby stop the greatest crime against humanity.
Mahmoud Fazeli – Analyst of international affairs
Strategic Council Online—Interview: An expert of West Asia affairs says crimes of the United States and Saudi Arabia against the people of Yemen are unprecedented in the history of humanity and the massive sale of arms during the past five years to Saudi Arabia has emboldened the Al Saud regime to keep on its crimes and murder against the people of Yemen.
Strategic Council Online – Prince Vladimir’s submarine, which joined the Russian Navy on June 12, 2020 on the occasion of the Russia Day celebrations is the fourth generation of nuclear submarines with significant capabilities. The submarine, capable of launching 20 nuclear warhead missiles at the same time, is equipped with advanced deep manoeuvring systems and the use of modern weapons. Prince Vladimir’s submarine can go 400 meters deep into the ocean to evade radars.
Dr. Shoaib Bahman – Expert on Russian Affairs
Strategic Council Online—Opinion: The latest report from the Swedish think-tank Sipri, which is active in the field of weapons surveillance worldwide, shows a worrying trend in the growth of nuclear arsenals. This is despite the fact that this trend has been declining since the Cold War.
Dr. Ali Karbalaei Hosseini—Researcher of International Law
Strategic Council Online – Note: The alarm for the World War II was officially sounded with the German invasion of Poland, on September 1, 1939, and left a black record behind by leaving 50 million dead, millions disabled and 30 million migrated. One of the significant incidents of the war was the US atomic bombing of Hiroshima (August 6, 1945) to force the Japanese government to surrender. The city of Nagasaki was also bombed on August 9, 1945. Shortly afterwards, the then Emperor of Japan announced in a speech that he had made unconditional peace with the Allies in order to protect the people of his country and thereby stop the greatest crime against humanity.
Mahmoud Fazeli – Analyst of international affairs
Strategic Council Online—Interview: An expert of West Asia affairs says crimes of the United States and Saudi Arabia against the people of Yemen are unprecedented in the history of humanity and the massive sale of arms during the past five years to Saudi Arabia has emboldened the Al Saud regime to keep on its crimes and murder against the people of Yemen.
Strategic Council Online – Prince Vladimir’s submarine, which joined the Russian Navy on June 12, 2020 on the occasion of the Russia Day celebrations is the fourth generation of nuclear submarines with significant capabilities. The submarine, capable of launching 20 nuclear warhead missiles at the same time, is equipped with advanced deep manoeuvring systems and the use of modern weapons. Prince Vladimir’s submarine can go 400 meters deep into the ocean to evade radars.
Dr. Shoaib Bahman – Expert on Russian Affairs
SCFR Online – Opinion: On Friday, August 7, the heads of state of three countries – Saudi Arabia, Turkey, and Pakistan – signed a text under the title “Makkah Joint Defense Agreement.”
Strategic Council Online – Note: The initiative to revive the Hejaz Railway, beyond being a transportation project, constitutes an attempt to redefine geopolitics, the economy, and Turkey’s regional position; however, its realization appears to face significant financial, security, and institutional challenges.
SCFR Online – Opinion: The Strait of Hormuz crisis is no longer merely the consequence of a military confrontation, but rather a sign of the transition from the US-centered maritime order to a new energy security structure involving the participation of emerging and influential powers.
SCFR Online – Opinion: Iran’s active deterrence strategy, while increasing the costs of US intervention, has increasingly exposed the hidden rifts between Washington’s interests and those of the Israeli regime.
SCFR Online – Opinion: The escalation of verbal and strategic tensions between Turkey and the Israeli regime, although not increasing the likelihood of direct war, indicates the formation of a new order in West Asian geopolitical rivalries.
Strategic Council Online – Note: Recent developments in the political geography of West Asia, from rising tensions in the Persian Gulf to missile and drone activities in the Red Sea and the recent warning by Kaja Kallas, the European Union’s foreign policy chief, regarding the threat to freedom of navigation, indicate a key pattern shift; the US-Iran war has moved beyond the scope of a regional and local confrontation and has linked two vital passageways for the global economy: the Strait of Hormuz and the Bab el-Mandeb Strait.
SCFR Online – Opinion: The Ukraine war was not merely a European crisis, but rather the starting point for the rearrangement of the global balance of power and a shift in the strategic behavior of great powers.
SCFR Online – Opinion: Great power competition is now pursued more in trade, currency, technology, and global supply chains than on the battlefields of military confrontation.
Strategic Council Online—Opinion: The latest report from the Swedish think-tank Sipri, which is active in the field of weapons surveillance worldwide, shows a worrying trend in the growth of nuclear arsenals. This is despite the fact that this trend has been declining since the Cold War.
Dr. Ali Karbalaei Hosseini—Researcher of International Law
Strategic Council Online – Note: The alarm for the World War II was officially sounded with the German invasion of Poland, on September 1, 1939, and left a black record behind by leaving 50 million dead, millions disabled and 30 million migrated. One of the significant incidents of the war was the US atomic bombing of Hiroshima (August 6, 1945) to force the Japanese government to surrender. The city of Nagasaki was also bombed on August 9, 1945. Shortly afterwards, the then Emperor of Japan announced in a speech that he had made unconditional peace with the Allies in order to protect the people of his country and thereby stop the greatest crime against humanity.
Mahmoud Fazeli – Analyst of international affairs
Strategic Council Online—Interview: An expert of West Asia affairs says crimes of the United States and Saudi Arabia against the people of Yemen are unprecedented in the history of humanity and the massive sale of arms during the past five years to Saudi Arabia has emboldened the Al Saud regime to keep on its crimes and murder against the people of Yemen.
Strategic Council Online – Prince Vladimir’s submarine, which joined the Russian Navy on June 12, 2020 on the occasion of the Russia Day celebrations is the fourth generation of nuclear submarines with significant capabilities. The submarine, capable of launching 20 nuclear warhead missiles at the same time, is equipped with advanced deep manoeuvring systems and the use of modern weapons. Prince Vladimir’s submarine can go 400 meters deep into the ocean to evade radars.
Dr. Shoaib Bahman – Expert on Russian Affairs
SCFR Online – Opinion: On Friday, August 7, the heads of state of three countries – Saudi Arabia, Turkey, and Pakistan – signed a text under the title “Makkah Joint Defense Agreement.”
Strategic Council Online – Note: The initiative to revive the Hejaz Railway, beyond being a transportation project, constitutes an attempt to redefine geopolitics, the economy, and Turkey’s regional position; however, its realization appears to face significant financial, security, and institutional challenges.
SCFR Online – Opinion: The Strait of Hormuz crisis is no longer merely the consequence of a military confrontation, but rather a sign of the transition from the US-centered maritime order to a new energy security structure involving the participation of emerging and influential powers.
SCFR Online – Opinion: Iran’s active deterrence strategy, while increasing the costs of US intervention, has increasingly exposed the hidden rifts between Washington’s interests and those of the Israeli regime.
SCFR Online – Opinion: The escalation of verbal and strategic tensions between Turkey and the Israeli regime, although not increasing the likelihood of direct war, indicates the formation of a new order in West Asian geopolitical rivalries.
Strategic Council Online – Note: Recent developments in the political geography of West Asia, from rising tensions in the Persian Gulf to missile and drone activities in the Red Sea and the recent warning by Kaja Kallas, the European Union’s foreign policy chief, regarding the threat to freedom of navigation, indicate a key pattern shift; the US-Iran war has moved beyond the scope of a regional and local confrontation and has linked two vital passageways for the global economy: the Strait of Hormuz and the Bab el-Mandeb Strait.
SCFR Online – Opinion: The Ukraine war was not merely a European crisis, but rather the starting point for the rearrangement of the global balance of power and a shift in the strategic behavior of great powers.
SCFR Online – Opinion: Great power competition is now pursued more in trade, currency, technology, and global supply chains than on the battlefields of military confrontation.
Strategic Council Online—Opinion: The latest report from the Swedish think-tank Sipri, which is active in the field of weapons surveillance worldwide, shows a worrying trend in the growth of nuclear arsenals. This is despite the fact that this trend has been declining since the Cold War.
Dr. Ali Karbalaei Hosseini—Researcher of International Law
Strategic Council Online – Note: The alarm for the World War II was officially sounded with the German invasion of Poland, on September 1, 1939, and left a black record behind by leaving 50 million dead, millions disabled and 30 million migrated. One of the significant incidents of the war was the US atomic bombing of Hiroshima (August 6, 1945) to force the Japanese government to surrender. The city of Nagasaki was also bombed on August 9, 1945. Shortly afterwards, the then Emperor of Japan announced in a speech that he had made unconditional peace with the Allies in order to protect the people of his country and thereby stop the greatest crime against humanity.
Mahmoud Fazeli – Analyst of international affairs
Strategic Council Online—Interview: An expert of West Asia affairs says crimes of the United States and Saudi Arabia against the people of Yemen are unprecedented in the history of humanity and the massive sale of arms during the past five years to Saudi Arabia has emboldened the Al Saud regime to keep on its crimes and murder against the people of Yemen.
Strategic Council Online – Prince Vladimir’s submarine, which joined the Russian Navy on June 12, 2020 on the occasion of the Russia Day celebrations is the fourth generation of nuclear submarines with significant capabilities. The submarine, capable of launching 20 nuclear warhead missiles at the same time, is equipped with advanced deep manoeuvring systems and the use of modern weapons. Prince Vladimir’s submarine can go 400 meters deep into the ocean to evade radars.
Dr. Shoaib Bahman – Expert on Russian Affairs
SCFR Online – Opinion: On Friday, August 7, the heads of state of three countries – Saudi Arabia, Turkey, and Pakistan – signed a text under the title “Makkah Joint Defense Agreement.”
Strategic Council Online – Note: The initiative to revive the Hejaz Railway, beyond being a transportation project, constitutes an attempt to redefine geopolitics, the economy, and Turkey’s regional position; however, its realization appears to face significant financial, security, and institutional challenges.
SCFR Online – Opinion: The Strait of Hormuz crisis is no longer merely the consequence of a military confrontation, but rather a sign of the transition from the US-centered maritime order to a new energy security structure involving the participation of emerging and influential powers.
SCFR Online – Opinion: Iran’s active deterrence strategy, while increasing the costs of US intervention, has increasingly exposed the hidden rifts between Washington’s interests and those of the Israeli regime.
SCFR Online – Opinion: The escalation of verbal and strategic tensions between Turkey and the Israeli regime, although not increasing the likelihood of direct war, indicates the formation of a new order in West Asian geopolitical rivalries.
Strategic Council Online – Note: Recent developments in the political geography of West Asia, from rising tensions in the Persian Gulf to missile and drone activities in the Red Sea and the recent warning by Kaja Kallas, the European Union’s foreign policy chief, regarding the threat to freedom of navigation, indicate a key pattern shift; the US-Iran war has moved beyond the scope of a regional and local confrontation and has linked two vital passageways for the global economy: the Strait of Hormuz and the Bab el-Mandeb Strait.
SCFR Online – Opinion: The Ukraine war was not merely a European crisis, but rather the starting point for the rearrangement of the global balance of power and a shift in the strategic behavior of great powers.
SCFR Online – Opinion: Great power competition is now pursued more in trade, currency, technology, and global supply chains than on the battlefields of military confrontation.
Strategic Council Online—Opinion: The latest report from the Swedish think-tank Sipri, which is active in the field of weapons surveillance worldwide, shows a worrying trend in the growth of nuclear arsenals. This is despite the fact that this trend has been declining since the Cold War.
Dr. Ali Karbalaei Hosseini—Researcher of International Law
Strategic Council Online – Note: The alarm for the World War II was officially sounded with the German invasion of Poland, on September 1, 1939, and left a black record behind by leaving 50 million dead, millions disabled and 30 million migrated. One of the significant incidents of the war was the US atomic bombing of Hiroshima (August 6, 1945) to force the Japanese government to surrender. The city of Nagasaki was also bombed on August 9, 1945. Shortly afterwards, the then Emperor of Japan announced in a speech that he had made unconditional peace with the Allies in order to protect the people of his country and thereby stop the greatest crime against humanity.
Mahmoud Fazeli – Analyst of international affairs
Strategic Council Online—Interview: An expert of West Asia affairs says crimes of the United States and Saudi Arabia against the people of Yemen are unprecedented in the history of humanity and the massive sale of arms during the past five years to Saudi Arabia has emboldened the Al Saud regime to keep on its crimes and murder against the people of Yemen.
Strategic Council Online – Prince Vladimir’s submarine, which joined the Russian Navy on June 12, 2020 on the occasion of the Russia Day celebrations is the fourth generation of nuclear submarines with significant capabilities. The submarine, capable of launching 20 nuclear warhead missiles at the same time, is equipped with advanced deep manoeuvring systems and the use of modern weapons. Prince Vladimir’s submarine can go 400 meters deep into the ocean to evade radars.
Dr. Shoaib Bahman – Expert on Russian Affairs
SCFR Online – Opinion: On Friday, August 7, the heads of state of three countries – Saudi Arabia, Turkey, and Pakistan – signed a text under the title “Makkah Joint Defense Agreement.”
Strategic Council Online – Note: The initiative to revive the Hejaz Railway, beyond being a transportation project, constitutes an attempt to redefine geopolitics, the economy, and Turkey’s regional position; however, its realization appears to face significant financial, security, and institutional challenges.
SCFR Online – Opinion: The Strait of Hormuz crisis is no longer merely the consequence of a military confrontation, but rather a sign of the transition from the US-centered maritime order to a new energy security structure involving the participation of emerging and influential powers.
SCFR Online – Opinion: Iran’s active deterrence strategy, while increasing the costs of US intervention, has increasingly exposed the hidden rifts between Washington’s interests and those of the Israeli regime.
SCFR Online – Opinion: The escalation of verbal and strategic tensions between Turkey and the Israeli regime, although not increasing the likelihood of direct war, indicates the formation of a new order in West Asian geopolitical rivalries.
Strategic Council Online – Note: Recent developments in the political geography of West Asia, from rising tensions in the Persian Gulf to missile and drone activities in the Red Sea and the recent warning by Kaja Kallas, the European Union’s foreign policy chief, regarding the threat to freedom of navigation, indicate a key pattern shift; the US-Iran war has moved beyond the scope of a regional and local confrontation and has linked two vital passageways for the global economy: the Strait of Hormuz and the Bab el-Mandeb Strait.
SCFR Online – Opinion: The Ukraine war was not merely a European crisis, but rather the starting point for the rearrangement of the global balance of power and a shift in the strategic behavior of great powers.
SCFR Online – Opinion: Great power competition is now pursued more in trade, currency, technology, and global supply chains than on the battlefields of military confrontation.
Strategic Council Online—Opinion: The latest report from the Swedish think-tank Sipri, which is active in the field of weapons surveillance worldwide, shows a worrying trend in the growth of nuclear arsenals. This is despite the fact that this trend has been declining since the Cold War.
Dr. Ali Karbalaei Hosseini—Researcher of International Law
Strategic Council Online – Note: The alarm for the World War II was officially sounded with the German invasion of Poland, on September 1, 1939, and left a black record behind by leaving 50 million dead, millions disabled and 30 million migrated. One of the significant incidents of the war was the US atomic bombing of Hiroshima (August 6, 1945) to force the Japanese government to surrender. The city of Nagasaki was also bombed on August 9, 1945. Shortly afterwards, the then Emperor of Japan announced in a speech that he had made unconditional peace with the Allies in order to protect the people of his country and thereby stop the greatest crime against humanity.
Mahmoud Fazeli – Analyst of international affairs
Strategic Council Online—Interview: An expert of West Asia affairs says crimes of the United States and Saudi Arabia against the people of Yemen are unprecedented in the history of humanity and the massive sale of arms during the past five years to Saudi Arabia has emboldened the Al Saud regime to keep on its crimes and murder against the people of Yemen.
Strategic Council Online – Prince Vladimir’s submarine, which joined the Russian Navy on June 12, 2020 on the occasion of the Russia Day celebrations is the fourth generation of nuclear submarines with significant capabilities. The submarine, capable of launching 20 nuclear warhead missiles at the same time, is equipped with advanced deep manoeuvring systems and the use of modern weapons. Prince Vladimir’s submarine can go 400 meters deep into the ocean to evade radars.
Dr. Shoaib Bahman – Expert on Russian Affairs
SCFR Online – Opinion: On Friday, August 7, the heads of state of three countries – Saudi Arabia, Turkey, and Pakistan – signed a text under the title “Makkah Joint Defense Agreement.”
Strategic Council Online – Note: The initiative to revive the Hejaz Railway, beyond being a transportation project, constitutes an attempt to redefine geopolitics, the economy, and Turkey’s regional position; however, its realization appears to face significant financial, security, and institutional challenges.
SCFR Online – Opinion: The Strait of Hormuz crisis is no longer merely the consequence of a military confrontation, but rather a sign of the transition from the US-centered maritime order to a new energy security structure involving the participation of emerging and influential powers.
SCFR Online – Opinion: Iran’s active deterrence strategy, while increasing the costs of US intervention, has increasingly exposed the hidden rifts between Washington’s interests and those of the Israeli regime.
SCFR Online – Opinion: The escalation of verbal and strategic tensions between Turkey and the Israeli regime, although not increasing the likelihood of direct war, indicates the formation of a new order in West Asian geopolitical rivalries.
Strategic Council Online – Note: Recent developments in the political geography of West Asia, from rising tensions in the Persian Gulf to missile and drone activities in the Red Sea and the recent warning by Kaja Kallas, the European Union’s foreign policy chief, regarding the threat to freedom of navigation, indicate a key pattern shift; the US-Iran war has moved beyond the scope of a regional and local confrontation and has linked two vital passageways for the global economy: the Strait of Hormuz and the Bab el-Mandeb Strait.
SCFR Online – Opinion: The Ukraine war was not merely a European crisis, but rather the starting point for the rearrangement of the global balance of power and a shift in the strategic behavior of great powers.
SCFR Online – Opinion: Great power competition is now pursued more in trade, currency, technology, and global supply chains than on the battlefields of military confrontation.