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The Makkah Pact Under scrutiny; From the “Deterrence Dilemma” to the “Risk of Disrupting Security”

SCFR Online – Opinion: The Makkah Pact, signed on August 7, 2026, between Saudi Arabia, Turkey, and Pakistan, is more than an answer to geopolitical vacuums; in practice, it faces a “deterrence dilemma” and “differing threat perception.” While this pact symbolizes a transition toward regional self-reliance, its first field tests and the complexities of relations with regional actors will determine its real meaning.

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Western Balkan States Summit

Analyzing Western Balkan States Summit

Analyzing Western Balkan States Summit

Strategic Council Online – Opinion: The informal meeting of the leaders of the Western Balkan countries and the Balkan countries that are members of the European Union was held at the initiative of Mr. Mitsotakis, the conservative Prime Minister of Greece, and attended by Mrs. von der Leyen, the President of the European Commission, Charles Michel, President of the European Union Council, and Mr. Zelensky, President of Ukraine. The Chairman of the Council of Ministers of Bosnia and Herzegovina, prime ministers of Romania, Bulgaria, Croatia, Kosovo, and North Macedonia, the president of Moldova, the president of Montenegro, and the president of Serbia also participated in the meeting.
Mahmoud Fazeli – International affairs analyst

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The Makkah Pact Under scrutiny; From the “Deterrence Dilemma” to the “Risk of Disrupting Security”

SCFR Online – Opinion: The Makkah Pact, signed on August 7, 2026, between Saudi Arabia, Turkey, and Pakistan, is more than an answer to geopolitical vacuums; in practice, it faces a “deterrence dilemma” and “differing threat perception.” While this pact symbolizes a transition toward regional self-reliance, its first field tests and the complexities of relations with regional actors will determine its real meaning.

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Western Balkan States Summit

Analyzing Western Balkan States Summit

Analyzing Western Balkan States Summit

Strategic Council Online – Opinion: The informal meeting of the leaders of the Western Balkan countries and the Balkan countries that are members of the European Union was held at the initiative of Mr. Mitsotakis, the conservative Prime Minister of Greece, and attended by Mrs. von der Leyen, the President of the European Commission, Charles Michel, President of the European Union Council, and Mr. Zelensky, President of Ukraine. The Chairman of the Council of Ministers of Bosnia and Herzegovina, prime ministers of Romania, Bulgaria, Croatia, Kosovo, and North Macedonia, the president of Moldova, the president of Montenegro, and the president of Serbia also participated in the meeting.
Mahmoud Fazeli – International affairs analyst

Western Balkan States Summit

Analyzing Western Balkan States Summit

Analyzing Western Balkan States Summit

Strategic Council Online – Opinion: The informal meeting of the leaders of the Western Balkan countries and the Balkan countries that are members of the European Union was held at the initiative of Mr. Mitsotakis, the conservative Prime Minister of Greece, and attended by Mrs. von der Leyen, the President of the European Commission, Charles Michel, President of the European Union Council, and Mr. Zelensky, President of Ukraine. The Chairman of the Council of Ministers of Bosnia and Herzegovina, prime ministers of Romania, Bulgaria, Croatia, Kosovo, and North Macedonia, the president of Moldova, the president of Montenegro, and the president of Serbia also participated in the meeting.
Mahmoud Fazeli – International affairs analyst

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The Makkah Pact Under scrutiny; From the “Deterrence Dilemma” to the “Risk of Disrupting Security”

SCFR Online – Opinion: The Makkah Pact, signed on August 7, 2026, between Saudi Arabia, Turkey, and Pakistan, is more than an answer to geopolitical vacuums; in practice, it faces a “deterrence dilemma” and “differing threat perception.” While this pact symbolizes a transition toward regional self-reliance, its first field tests and the complexities of relations with regional actors will determine its real meaning.

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Western Balkan States Summit

Analyzing Western Balkan States Summit

Analyzing Western Balkan States Summit

Strategic Council Online – Opinion: The informal meeting of the leaders of the Western Balkan countries and the Balkan countries that are members of the European Union was held at the initiative of Mr. Mitsotakis, the conservative Prime Minister of Greece, and attended by Mrs. von der Leyen, the President of the European Commission, Charles Michel, President of the European Union Council, and Mr. Zelensky, President of Ukraine. The Chairman of the Council of Ministers of Bosnia and Herzegovina, prime ministers of Romania, Bulgaria, Croatia, Kosovo, and North Macedonia, the president of Moldova, the president of Montenegro, and the president of Serbia also participated in the meeting.
Mahmoud Fazeli – International affairs analyst

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The Makkah Pact Under scrutiny; From the “Deterrence Dilemma” to the “Risk of Disrupting Security”

SCFR Online – Opinion: The Makkah Pact, signed on August 7, 2026, between Saudi Arabia, Turkey, and Pakistan, is more than an answer to geopolitical vacuums; in practice, it faces a “deterrence dilemma” and “differing threat perception.” While this pact symbolizes a transition toward regional self-reliance, its first field tests and the complexities of relations with regional actors will determine its real meaning.

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Western Balkan States Summit

Analyzing Western Balkan States Summit

Analyzing Western Balkan States Summit

Strategic Council Online – Opinion: The informal meeting of the leaders of the Western Balkan countries and the Balkan countries that are members of the European Union was held at the initiative of Mr. Mitsotakis, the conservative Prime Minister of Greece, and attended by Mrs. von der Leyen, the President of the European Commission, Charles Michel, President of the European Union Council, and Mr. Zelensky, President of Ukraine. The Chairman of the Council of Ministers of Bosnia and Herzegovina, prime ministers of Romania, Bulgaria, Croatia, Kosovo, and North Macedonia, the president of Moldova, the president of Montenegro, and the president of Serbia also participated in the meeting.
Mahmoud Fazeli – International affairs analyst

ÚLTIMAS PUBLICACIONES

The Makkah Pact Under scrutiny; From the “Deterrence Dilemma” to the “Risk of Disrupting Security”

SCFR Online – Opinion: The Makkah Pact, signed on August 7, 2026, between Saudi Arabia, Turkey, and Pakistan, is more than an answer to geopolitical vacuums; in practice, it faces a “deterrence dilemma” and “differing threat perception.” While this pact symbolizes a transition toward regional self-reliance, its first field tests and the complexities of relations with regional actors will determine its real meaning.

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Western Balkan States Summit

Analyzing Western Balkan States Summit

Analyzing Western Balkan States Summit

Strategic Council Online – Opinion: The informal meeting of the leaders of the Western Balkan countries and the Balkan countries that are members of the European Union was held at the initiative of Mr. Mitsotakis, the conservative Prime Minister of Greece, and attended by Mrs. von der Leyen, the President of the European Commission, Charles Michel, President of the European Union Council, and Mr. Zelensky, President of Ukraine. The Chairman of the Council of Ministers of Bosnia and Herzegovina, prime ministers of Romania, Bulgaria, Croatia, Kosovo, and North Macedonia, the president of Moldova, the president of Montenegro, and the president of Serbia also participated in the meeting.
Mahmoud Fazeli – International affairs analyst

ÚLTIMAS PUBLICACIONES

The Makkah Pact Under scrutiny; From the “Deterrence Dilemma” to the “Risk of Disrupting Security”

SCFR Online – Opinion: The Makkah Pact, signed on August 7, 2026, between Saudi Arabia, Turkey, and Pakistan, is more than an answer to geopolitical vacuums; in practice, it faces a “deterrence dilemma” and “differing threat perception.” While this pact symbolizes a transition toward regional self-reliance, its first field tests and the complexities of relations with regional actors will determine its real meaning.

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Western Balkan States Summit

Analyzing Western Balkan States Summit

Analyzing Western Balkan States Summit

Strategic Council Online – Opinion: The informal meeting of the leaders of the Western Balkan countries and the Balkan countries that are members of the European Union was held at the initiative of Mr. Mitsotakis, the conservative Prime Minister of Greece, and attended by Mrs. von der Leyen, the President of the European Commission, Charles Michel, President of the European Union Council, and Mr. Zelensky, President of Ukraine. The Chairman of the Council of Ministers of Bosnia and Herzegovina, prime ministers of Romania, Bulgaria, Croatia, Kosovo, and North Macedonia, the president of Moldova, the president of Montenegro, and the president of Serbia also participated in the meeting.
Mahmoud Fazeli – International affairs analyst

ÚLTIMAS PUBLICACIONES

The Makkah Pact Under scrutiny; From the “Deterrence Dilemma” to the “Risk of Disrupting Security”

SCFR Online – Opinion: The Makkah Pact, signed on August 7, 2026, between Saudi Arabia, Turkey, and Pakistan, is more than an answer to geopolitical vacuums; in practice, it faces a “deterrence dilemma” and “differing threat perception.” While this pact symbolizes a transition toward regional self-reliance, its first field tests and the complexities of relations with regional actors will determine its real meaning.

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