An Analysis of the Makkah Defense Pact
SCFR Online – Opinion: On Friday, August 7, the heads of state of three countries – Saudi Arabia, Turkey, and Pakistan – signed a text under the title “Makkah Joint Defense Agreement.”
SCFR Online – Opinion: On Friday, August 7, the heads of state of three countries – Saudi Arabia, Turkey, and Pakistan – signed a text under the title “Makkah Joint Defense Agreement.”
Strategic Council Online – Note: The initiative to revive the Hejaz Railway, beyond being a transportation project, constitutes an attempt to redefine geopolitics, the economy, and Turkey’s regional position; however, its realization appears to face significant financial, security, and institutional challenges.
SCFR Online – Opinion: The Strait of Hormuz crisis is no longer merely the consequence of a military confrontation, but rather a sign of the transition from the US-centered maritime order to a new energy security structure involving the participation of emerging and influential powers.
SCFR Online – Opinion: Iran’s active deterrence strategy, while increasing the costs of US intervention, has increasingly exposed the hidden rifts between Washington’s interests and those of the Israeli regime.
SCFR Online – Opinion: The escalation of verbal and strategic tensions between Turkey and the Israeli regime, although not increasing the likelihood of direct war, indicates the formation of a new order in West Asian geopolitical rivalries.
Strategic Council Online – Note: Recent developments in the political geography of West Asia, from rising tensions in the Persian Gulf to missile and drone activities in the Red Sea and the recent warning by Kaja Kallas, the European Union’s foreign policy chief, regarding the threat to freedom of navigation, indicate a key pattern shift; the US-Iran war has moved beyond the scope of a regional and local confrontation and has linked two vital passageways for the global economy: the Strait of Hormuz and the Bab el-Mandeb Strait.
SCFR Online – Opinion: The Ukraine war was not merely a European crisis, but rather the starting point for the rearrangement of the global balance of power and a shift in the strategic behavior of great powers.
SCFR Online – Opinion: Great power competition is now pursued more in trade, currency, technology, and global supply chains than on the battlefields of military confrontation.
Strategic Council Online—Interview: A university professor, while referring to the monopoly and profiteering aspects of some Western companies and countries especially the Europeans particularly in the production and distribution of the Covid-19 vaccines and related discriminations, said multinational pharmaceutical companies are seeking to preserve the current monopoly in manufacturing the Covid-19 vaccine however with the continuation of pressures by developing states against the intellectual property law, they may be able to produce their own national vaccines.
Strategic Council Online – In the nearly 60-year old history of the Munich Security Conference, which is held annually by the private sector on global security policy in the presence of international security and military politicians, this is the first time that a president of the United States has attended it, and for the first time since taking office, has addressed the European audience directly.
Mahmoud Fazeli – Analyst of international affairs
Strategic Council Online – An expert on political economy, noting that we are entering a multipolar world with different blocs, said: Even in viewpoint of the Japanese, the current economic and dollar-based order is coming to an end and, therefore, they are preparing themselves for a multilateral economic system.
Strategic Council Online: The United States president Donald Trump pursues both political and economic goals by pushing for a trade war.
SCFR Online – Opinion: On Friday, August 7, the heads of state of three countries – Saudi Arabia, Turkey, and Pakistan – signed a text under the title “Makkah Joint Defense Agreement.”
Strategic Council Online – Note: The initiative to revive the Hejaz Railway, beyond being a transportation project, constitutes an attempt to redefine geopolitics, the economy, and Turkey’s regional position; however, its realization appears to face significant financial, security, and institutional challenges.
SCFR Online – Opinion: The Strait of Hormuz crisis is no longer merely the consequence of a military confrontation, but rather a sign of the transition from the US-centered maritime order to a new energy security structure involving the participation of emerging and influential powers.
SCFR Online – Opinion: Iran’s active deterrence strategy, while increasing the costs of US intervention, has increasingly exposed the hidden rifts between Washington’s interests and those of the Israeli regime.
SCFR Online – Opinion: The escalation of verbal and strategic tensions between Turkey and the Israeli regime, although not increasing the likelihood of direct war, indicates the formation of a new order in West Asian geopolitical rivalries.
Strategic Council Online – Note: Recent developments in the political geography of West Asia, from rising tensions in the Persian Gulf to missile and drone activities in the Red Sea and the recent warning by Kaja Kallas, the European Union’s foreign policy chief, regarding the threat to freedom of navigation, indicate a key pattern shift; the US-Iran war has moved beyond the scope of a regional and local confrontation and has linked two vital passageways for the global economy: the Strait of Hormuz and the Bab el-Mandeb Strait.
SCFR Online – Opinion: The Ukraine war was not merely a European crisis, but rather the starting point for the rearrangement of the global balance of power and a shift in the strategic behavior of great powers.
SCFR Online – Opinion: Great power competition is now pursued more in trade, currency, technology, and global supply chains than on the battlefields of military confrontation.
Strategic Council Online—Interview: A university professor, while referring to the monopoly and profiteering aspects of some Western companies and countries especially the Europeans particularly in the production and distribution of the Covid-19 vaccines and related discriminations, said multinational pharmaceutical companies are seeking to preserve the current monopoly in manufacturing the Covid-19 vaccine however with the continuation of pressures by developing states against the intellectual property law, they may be able to produce their own national vaccines.
Strategic Council Online – In the nearly 60-year old history of the Munich Security Conference, which is held annually by the private sector on global security policy in the presence of international security and military politicians, this is the first time that a president of the United States has attended it, and for the first time since taking office, has addressed the European audience directly.
Mahmoud Fazeli – Analyst of international affairs
Strategic Council Online – An expert on political economy, noting that we are entering a multipolar world with different blocs, said: Even in viewpoint of the Japanese, the current economic and dollar-based order is coming to an end and, therefore, they are preparing themselves for a multilateral economic system.
Strategic Council Online: The United States president Donald Trump pursues both political and economic goals by pushing for a trade war.
Strategic Council Online—Interview: A university professor, while referring to the monopoly and profiteering aspects of some Western companies and countries especially the Europeans particularly in the production and distribution of the Covid-19 vaccines and related discriminations, said multinational pharmaceutical companies are seeking to preserve the current monopoly in manufacturing the Covid-19 vaccine however with the continuation of pressures by developing states against the intellectual property law, they may be able to produce their own national vaccines.
Strategic Council Online – In the nearly 60-year old history of the Munich Security Conference, which is held annually by the private sector on global security policy in the presence of international security and military politicians, this is the first time that a president of the United States has attended it, and for the first time since taking office, has addressed the European audience directly.
Mahmoud Fazeli – Analyst of international affairs
Strategic Council Online – An expert on political economy, noting that we are entering a multipolar world with different blocs, said: Even in viewpoint of the Japanese, the current economic and dollar-based order is coming to an end and, therefore, they are preparing themselves for a multilateral economic system.
Strategic Council Online: The United States president Donald Trump pursues both political and economic goals by pushing for a trade war.
SCFR Online – Opinion: On Friday, August 7, the heads of state of three countries – Saudi Arabia, Turkey, and Pakistan – signed a text under the title “Makkah Joint Defense Agreement.”
Strategic Council Online – Note: The initiative to revive the Hejaz Railway, beyond being a transportation project, constitutes an attempt to redefine geopolitics, the economy, and Turkey’s regional position; however, its realization appears to face significant financial, security, and institutional challenges.
SCFR Online – Opinion: The Strait of Hormuz crisis is no longer merely the consequence of a military confrontation, but rather a sign of the transition from the US-centered maritime order to a new energy security structure involving the participation of emerging and influential powers.
SCFR Online – Opinion: Iran’s active deterrence strategy, while increasing the costs of US intervention, has increasingly exposed the hidden rifts between Washington’s interests and those of the Israeli regime.
SCFR Online – Opinion: The escalation of verbal and strategic tensions between Turkey and the Israeli regime, although not increasing the likelihood of direct war, indicates the formation of a new order in West Asian geopolitical rivalries.
Strategic Council Online – Note: Recent developments in the political geography of West Asia, from rising tensions in the Persian Gulf to missile and drone activities in the Red Sea and the recent warning by Kaja Kallas, the European Union’s foreign policy chief, regarding the threat to freedom of navigation, indicate a key pattern shift; the US-Iran war has moved beyond the scope of a regional and local confrontation and has linked two vital passageways for the global economy: the Strait of Hormuz and the Bab el-Mandeb Strait.
SCFR Online – Opinion: The Ukraine war was not merely a European crisis, but rather the starting point for the rearrangement of the global balance of power and a shift in the strategic behavior of great powers.
SCFR Online – Opinion: Great power competition is now pursued more in trade, currency, technology, and global supply chains than on the battlefields of military confrontation.
Strategic Council Online—Interview: A university professor, while referring to the monopoly and profiteering aspects of some Western companies and countries especially the Europeans particularly in the production and distribution of the Covid-19 vaccines and related discriminations, said multinational pharmaceutical companies are seeking to preserve the current monopoly in manufacturing the Covid-19 vaccine however with the continuation of pressures by developing states against the intellectual property law, they may be able to produce their own national vaccines.
Strategic Council Online – In the nearly 60-year old history of the Munich Security Conference, which is held annually by the private sector on global security policy in the presence of international security and military politicians, this is the first time that a president of the United States has attended it, and for the first time since taking office, has addressed the European audience directly.
Mahmoud Fazeli – Analyst of international affairs
Strategic Council Online – An expert on political economy, noting that we are entering a multipolar world with different blocs, said: Even in viewpoint of the Japanese, the current economic and dollar-based order is coming to an end and, therefore, they are preparing themselves for a multilateral economic system.
Strategic Council Online: The United States president Donald Trump pursues both political and economic goals by pushing for a trade war.
SCFR Online – Opinion: On Friday, August 7, the heads of state of three countries – Saudi Arabia, Turkey, and Pakistan – signed a text under the title “Makkah Joint Defense Agreement.”
Strategic Council Online – Note: The initiative to revive the Hejaz Railway, beyond being a transportation project, constitutes an attempt to redefine geopolitics, the economy, and Turkey’s regional position; however, its realization appears to face significant financial, security, and institutional challenges.
SCFR Online – Opinion: The Strait of Hormuz crisis is no longer merely the consequence of a military confrontation, but rather a sign of the transition from the US-centered maritime order to a new energy security structure involving the participation of emerging and influential powers.
SCFR Online – Opinion: Iran’s active deterrence strategy, while increasing the costs of US intervention, has increasingly exposed the hidden rifts between Washington’s interests and those of the Israeli regime.
SCFR Online – Opinion: The escalation of verbal and strategic tensions between Turkey and the Israeli regime, although not increasing the likelihood of direct war, indicates the formation of a new order in West Asian geopolitical rivalries.
Strategic Council Online – Note: Recent developments in the political geography of West Asia, from rising tensions in the Persian Gulf to missile and drone activities in the Red Sea and the recent warning by Kaja Kallas, the European Union’s foreign policy chief, regarding the threat to freedom of navigation, indicate a key pattern shift; the US-Iran war has moved beyond the scope of a regional and local confrontation and has linked two vital passageways for the global economy: the Strait of Hormuz and the Bab el-Mandeb Strait.
SCFR Online – Opinion: The Ukraine war was not merely a European crisis, but rather the starting point for the rearrangement of the global balance of power and a shift in the strategic behavior of great powers.
SCFR Online – Opinion: Great power competition is now pursued more in trade, currency, technology, and global supply chains than on the battlefields of military confrontation.
Strategic Council Online—Interview: A university professor, while referring to the monopoly and profiteering aspects of some Western companies and countries especially the Europeans particularly in the production and distribution of the Covid-19 vaccines and related discriminations, said multinational pharmaceutical companies are seeking to preserve the current monopoly in manufacturing the Covid-19 vaccine however with the continuation of pressures by developing states against the intellectual property law, they may be able to produce their own national vaccines.
Strategic Council Online – In the nearly 60-year old history of the Munich Security Conference, which is held annually by the private sector on global security policy in the presence of international security and military politicians, this is the first time that a president of the United States has attended it, and for the first time since taking office, has addressed the European audience directly.
Mahmoud Fazeli – Analyst of international affairs
Strategic Council Online – An expert on political economy, noting that we are entering a multipolar world with different blocs, said: Even in viewpoint of the Japanese, the current economic and dollar-based order is coming to an end and, therefore, they are preparing themselves for a multilateral economic system.
Strategic Council Online: The United States president Donald Trump pursues both political and economic goals by pushing for a trade war.
SCFR Online – Opinion: On Friday, August 7, the heads of state of three countries – Saudi Arabia, Turkey, and Pakistan – signed a text under the title “Makkah Joint Defense Agreement.”
Strategic Council Online – Note: The initiative to revive the Hejaz Railway, beyond being a transportation project, constitutes an attempt to redefine geopolitics, the economy, and Turkey’s regional position; however, its realization appears to face significant financial, security, and institutional challenges.
SCFR Online – Opinion: The Strait of Hormuz crisis is no longer merely the consequence of a military confrontation, but rather a sign of the transition from the US-centered maritime order to a new energy security structure involving the participation of emerging and influential powers.
SCFR Online – Opinion: Iran’s active deterrence strategy, while increasing the costs of US intervention, has increasingly exposed the hidden rifts between Washington’s interests and those of the Israeli regime.
SCFR Online – Opinion: The escalation of verbal and strategic tensions between Turkey and the Israeli regime, although not increasing the likelihood of direct war, indicates the formation of a new order in West Asian geopolitical rivalries.
Strategic Council Online – Note: Recent developments in the political geography of West Asia, from rising tensions in the Persian Gulf to missile and drone activities in the Red Sea and the recent warning by Kaja Kallas, the European Union’s foreign policy chief, regarding the threat to freedom of navigation, indicate a key pattern shift; the US-Iran war has moved beyond the scope of a regional and local confrontation and has linked two vital passageways for the global economy: the Strait of Hormuz and the Bab el-Mandeb Strait.
SCFR Online – Opinion: The Ukraine war was not merely a European crisis, but rather the starting point for the rearrangement of the global balance of power and a shift in the strategic behavior of great powers.
SCFR Online – Opinion: Great power competition is now pursued more in trade, currency, technology, and global supply chains than on the battlefields of military confrontation.
Strategic Council Online—Interview: A university professor, while referring to the monopoly and profiteering aspects of some Western companies and countries especially the Europeans particularly in the production and distribution of the Covid-19 vaccines and related discriminations, said multinational pharmaceutical companies are seeking to preserve the current monopoly in manufacturing the Covid-19 vaccine however with the continuation of pressures by developing states against the intellectual property law, they may be able to produce their own national vaccines.
Strategic Council Online – In the nearly 60-year old history of the Munich Security Conference, which is held annually by the private sector on global security policy in the presence of international security and military politicians, this is the first time that a president of the United States has attended it, and for the first time since taking office, has addressed the European audience directly.
Mahmoud Fazeli – Analyst of international affairs
Strategic Council Online – An expert on political economy, noting that we are entering a multipolar world with different blocs, said: Even in viewpoint of the Japanese, the current economic and dollar-based order is coming to an end and, therefore, they are preparing themselves for a multilateral economic system.
Strategic Council Online: The United States president Donald Trump pursues both political and economic goals by pushing for a trade war.
SCFR Online – Opinion: On Friday, August 7, the heads of state of three countries – Saudi Arabia, Turkey, and Pakistan – signed a text under the title “Makkah Joint Defense Agreement.”
Strategic Council Online – Note: The initiative to revive the Hejaz Railway, beyond being a transportation project, constitutes an attempt to redefine geopolitics, the economy, and Turkey’s regional position; however, its realization appears to face significant financial, security, and institutional challenges.
SCFR Online – Opinion: The Strait of Hormuz crisis is no longer merely the consequence of a military confrontation, but rather a sign of the transition from the US-centered maritime order to a new energy security structure involving the participation of emerging and influential powers.
SCFR Online – Opinion: Iran’s active deterrence strategy, while increasing the costs of US intervention, has increasingly exposed the hidden rifts between Washington’s interests and those of the Israeli regime.
SCFR Online – Opinion: The escalation of verbal and strategic tensions between Turkey and the Israeli regime, although not increasing the likelihood of direct war, indicates the formation of a new order in West Asian geopolitical rivalries.
Strategic Council Online – Note: Recent developments in the political geography of West Asia, from rising tensions in the Persian Gulf to missile and drone activities in the Red Sea and the recent warning by Kaja Kallas, the European Union’s foreign policy chief, regarding the threat to freedom of navigation, indicate a key pattern shift; the US-Iran war has moved beyond the scope of a regional and local confrontation and has linked two vital passageways for the global economy: the Strait of Hormuz and the Bab el-Mandeb Strait.
SCFR Online – Opinion: The Ukraine war was not merely a European crisis, but rather the starting point for the rearrangement of the global balance of power and a shift in the strategic behavior of great powers.
SCFR Online – Opinion: Great power competition is now pursued more in trade, currency, technology, and global supply chains than on the battlefields of military confrontation.
Strategic Council Online—Interview: A university professor, while referring to the monopoly and profiteering aspects of some Western companies and countries especially the Europeans particularly in the production and distribution of the Covid-19 vaccines and related discriminations, said multinational pharmaceutical companies are seeking to preserve the current monopoly in manufacturing the Covid-19 vaccine however with the continuation of pressures by developing states against the intellectual property law, they may be able to produce their own national vaccines.
Strategic Council Online – In the nearly 60-year old history of the Munich Security Conference, which is held annually by the private sector on global security policy in the presence of international security and military politicians, this is the first time that a president of the United States has attended it, and for the first time since taking office, has addressed the European audience directly.
Mahmoud Fazeli – Analyst of international affairs
Strategic Council Online – An expert on political economy, noting that we are entering a multipolar world with different blocs, said: Even in viewpoint of the Japanese, the current economic and dollar-based order is coming to an end and, therefore, they are preparing themselves for a multilateral economic system.
Strategic Council Online: The United States president Donald Trump pursues both political and economic goals by pushing for a trade war.
SCFR Online – Opinion: On Friday, August 7, the heads of state of three countries – Saudi Arabia, Turkey, and Pakistan – signed a text under the title “Makkah Joint Defense Agreement.”
Strategic Council Online – Note: The initiative to revive the Hejaz Railway, beyond being a transportation project, constitutes an attempt to redefine geopolitics, the economy, and Turkey’s regional position; however, its realization appears to face significant financial, security, and institutional challenges.
SCFR Online – Opinion: The Strait of Hormuz crisis is no longer merely the consequence of a military confrontation, but rather a sign of the transition from the US-centered maritime order to a new energy security structure involving the participation of emerging and influential powers.
SCFR Online – Opinion: Iran’s active deterrence strategy, while increasing the costs of US intervention, has increasingly exposed the hidden rifts between Washington’s interests and those of the Israeli regime.
SCFR Online – Opinion: The escalation of verbal and strategic tensions between Turkey and the Israeli regime, although not increasing the likelihood of direct war, indicates the formation of a new order in West Asian geopolitical rivalries.
Strategic Council Online – Note: Recent developments in the political geography of West Asia, from rising tensions in the Persian Gulf to missile and drone activities in the Red Sea and the recent warning by Kaja Kallas, the European Union’s foreign policy chief, regarding the threat to freedom of navigation, indicate a key pattern shift; the US-Iran war has moved beyond the scope of a regional and local confrontation and has linked two vital passageways for the global economy: the Strait of Hormuz and the Bab el-Mandeb Strait.
SCFR Online – Opinion: The Ukraine war was not merely a European crisis, but rather the starting point for the rearrangement of the global balance of power and a shift in the strategic behavior of great powers.
SCFR Online – Opinion: Great power competition is now pursued more in trade, currency, technology, and global supply chains than on the battlefields of military confrontation.