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The Makkah Pact Under scrutiny; From the “Deterrence Dilemma” to the “Risk of Disrupting Security”

SCFR Online – Opinion: The Makkah Pact, signed on August 7, 2026, between Saudi Arabia, Turkey, and Pakistan, is more than an answer to geopolitical vacuums; in practice, it faces a “deterrence dilemma” and “differing threat perception.” While this pact symbolizes a transition toward regional self-reliance, its first field tests and the complexities of relations with regional actors will determine its real meaning.

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Zapad/Interaction-2021

Consequences and objectives of the joint military drills of China and Russia

Consequences and objectives of the joint military drills of China and Russia

Strategic Council Online—Editorial: Numerous joint military drilles between China and Russia in recent years could be considered as one of the clear manifestations of the expansion and consolidation of cooperation between the two countries especially in the military front.
Mohammad Javad Qahremani—PhD in International Relations

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The Makkah Pact Under scrutiny; From the “Deterrence Dilemma” to the “Risk of Disrupting Security”

SCFR Online – Opinion: The Makkah Pact, signed on August 7, 2026, between Saudi Arabia, Turkey, and Pakistan, is more than an answer to geopolitical vacuums; in practice, it faces a “deterrence dilemma” and “differing threat perception.” While this pact symbolizes a transition toward regional self-reliance, its first field tests and the complexities of relations with regional actors will determine its real meaning.

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Zapad/Interaction-2021

Consequences and objectives of the joint military drills of China and Russia

Consequences and objectives of the joint military drills of China and Russia

Strategic Council Online—Editorial: Numerous joint military drilles between China and Russia in recent years could be considered as one of the clear manifestations of the expansion and consolidation of cooperation between the two countries especially in the military front.
Mohammad Javad Qahremani—PhD in International Relations

Zapad/Interaction-2021

Consequences and objectives of the joint military drills of China and Russia

Consequences and objectives of the joint military drills of China and Russia

Strategic Council Online—Editorial: Numerous joint military drilles between China and Russia in recent years could be considered as one of the clear manifestations of the expansion and consolidation of cooperation between the two countries especially in the military front.
Mohammad Javad Qahremani—PhD in International Relations

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The Makkah Pact Under scrutiny; From the “Deterrence Dilemma” to the “Risk of Disrupting Security”

SCFR Online – Opinion: The Makkah Pact, signed on August 7, 2026, between Saudi Arabia, Turkey, and Pakistan, is more than an answer to geopolitical vacuums; in practice, it faces a “deterrence dilemma” and “differing threat perception.” While this pact symbolizes a transition toward regional self-reliance, its first field tests and the complexities of relations with regional actors will determine its real meaning.

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Zapad/Interaction-2021

Consequences and objectives of the joint military drills of China and Russia

Consequences and objectives of the joint military drills of China and Russia

Strategic Council Online—Editorial: Numerous joint military drilles between China and Russia in recent years could be considered as one of the clear manifestations of the expansion and consolidation of cooperation between the two countries especially in the military front.
Mohammad Javad Qahremani—PhD in International Relations

ÚLTIMAS PUBLICACIONES

The Makkah Pact Under scrutiny; From the “Deterrence Dilemma” to the “Risk of Disrupting Security”

SCFR Online – Opinion: The Makkah Pact, signed on August 7, 2026, between Saudi Arabia, Turkey, and Pakistan, is more than an answer to geopolitical vacuums; in practice, it faces a “deterrence dilemma” and “differing threat perception.” While this pact symbolizes a transition toward regional self-reliance, its first field tests and the complexities of relations with regional actors will determine its real meaning.

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Zapad/Interaction-2021

Consequences and objectives of the joint military drills of China and Russia

Consequences and objectives of the joint military drills of China and Russia

Strategic Council Online—Editorial: Numerous joint military drilles between China and Russia in recent years could be considered as one of the clear manifestations of the expansion and consolidation of cooperation between the two countries especially in the military front.
Mohammad Javad Qahremani—PhD in International Relations

ÚLTIMAS PUBLICACIONES

The Makkah Pact Under scrutiny; From the “Deterrence Dilemma” to the “Risk of Disrupting Security”

SCFR Online – Opinion: The Makkah Pact, signed on August 7, 2026, between Saudi Arabia, Turkey, and Pakistan, is more than an answer to geopolitical vacuums; in practice, it faces a “deterrence dilemma” and “differing threat perception.” While this pact symbolizes a transition toward regional self-reliance, its first field tests and the complexities of relations with regional actors will determine its real meaning.

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Zapad/Interaction-2021

Consequences and objectives of the joint military drills of China and Russia

Consequences and objectives of the joint military drills of China and Russia

Strategic Council Online—Editorial: Numerous joint military drilles between China and Russia in recent years could be considered as one of the clear manifestations of the expansion and consolidation of cooperation between the two countries especially in the military front.
Mohammad Javad Qahremani—PhD in International Relations

ÚLTIMAS PUBLICACIONES

The Makkah Pact Under scrutiny; From the “Deterrence Dilemma” to the “Risk of Disrupting Security”

SCFR Online – Opinion: The Makkah Pact, signed on August 7, 2026, between Saudi Arabia, Turkey, and Pakistan, is more than an answer to geopolitical vacuums; in practice, it faces a “deterrence dilemma” and “differing threat perception.” While this pact symbolizes a transition toward regional self-reliance, its first field tests and the complexities of relations with regional actors will determine its real meaning.

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Zapad/Interaction-2021

Consequences and objectives of the joint military drills of China and Russia

Consequences and objectives of the joint military drills of China and Russia

Strategic Council Online—Editorial: Numerous joint military drilles between China and Russia in recent years could be considered as one of the clear manifestations of the expansion and consolidation of cooperation between the two countries especially in the military front.
Mohammad Javad Qahremani—PhD in International Relations

ÚLTIMAS PUBLICACIONES

The Makkah Pact Under scrutiny; From the “Deterrence Dilemma” to the “Risk of Disrupting Security”

SCFR Online – Opinion: The Makkah Pact, signed on August 7, 2026, between Saudi Arabia, Turkey, and Pakistan, is more than an answer to geopolitical vacuums; in practice, it faces a “deterrence dilemma” and “differing threat perception.” While this pact symbolizes a transition toward regional self-reliance, its first field tests and the complexities of relations with regional actors will determine its real meaning.

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