جدیدترین مطالب

China’s Rejection of US Sanctions; Strengthening Iran’s Geopolitical Leverage

SCFR Online – Opinion: Concurrent with the official commencement of the United States’ economic war against our country, focusing on sanctions instruments, isolation, and economic pressure, what has now become increasingly important is the lack of alignment of other major global powers, especially China, with this policy.

The Makkah Pact; Reasons for its Formation and Challenges Ahead

SCFR Online – Opinion: The Makkah Pact, signed between Saudi Arabia, Pakistan, and Turkey under the motto “an attack on one is an attack on all,” is viewed by some analysts less as a full-fledged military coalition and more as an attempt to reduce security dependence on an external power and to establish a regional security mechanism.

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Is the Inter-Afghan Meeting in Istanbul the Think Tank of the Doha Summit?

Is the Inter-Afghan Meeting in Istanbul the Think Tank of the Doha Summit?

Strategic Council Online – Opinion: On Thursday and Friday, November 10th and 11th, around 50 political activists and officials of the former government of Afghanistan gathered in a two-day meeting in Istanbul, Turkey, behind closed doors, to discuss the possibility of resuming the “Inter-Afghan negotiations. The meeting was held with the support of the Turkish government and at the initiative of the “National Dialogue Forum.” The Forum was established by Hekmat Karzai, Mostafa Mastoor, Zabihullah Ziyarmal, Nabila Mosleh, Idris Zaman, Ayoub Irfani, and Freema Nawabi, former officials of the Afghan government in 2022.

An Analysis on Recent Visit of US Special Envoy to Lebanon

An Analysis on Recent Visit of US Special Envoy to Lebanon

Strategic Council Online – Opinion: There are important goals and reasons regarding the recent visit of “Amos Hochstein,” the special envoy of the US President to Lebanon. Based on the leaked details of Hochstein’s talks with the Lebanese authorities, as well as the perception of the nature of recent American policies in Lebanon, it appears that finding “new mechanisms” to implement Resolution 1701 with a new approach is the “main goal” behind the trip of Joe Biden’s special envoy to Beirut.

BRICS Role in Realization of New World Order

BRICS Role in Realization of New World Order

Strategic Council Online – Opinion: BRICS, within the framework of “positive” and not “negative” policies, without violating or opposing the principles and order-building components based on the United Nations Charter, is looking for new arrangements that govern political and economic paradigms, security, etc., has challenged America and the liberal system in today’s world.

Formation of Nuclear BRICS to Achieve Zero Carbon in Electricity Production

Formation of Nuclear BRICS to Achieve Zero Carbon in Electricity Production

Strategic Council Online – Opinion: During a BRICS meeting in Moscow at the end of October, senior officials from the nuclear industry of member states signed a joint statement supporting establishing a BRICS nuclear platform. This move underscores the importance of peaceful nuclear energy in these nations’ future energy strategies. From the Islamic Republic of Iran, a delegation from the Atomic Energy Organization, headed by IAEO Deputy and CEO of Iran’s Nuclear Energy Production and Development Holding Company, and active brokers participated in the proceedings. The participating members signed a statement supporting the formation of a nuclear platform (Nuclear BRICS).

An Analysis of Consequences of Russian Energy Embargo

An Analysis of Consequences of Russian Energy Embargo

Strategic Council Online – Opinion: After Russia attacked Ukraine, the European Union and the United States imposed a series of wide-ranging sanctions against Russia in various economic, commercial, and energy fields. Of course, before Russia attacked Ukraine in 2022, the European Union had imposed other sanctions against Moscow following the annexation of the Crimean Peninsula. However, these sanctions were not applied in the energy field because Russia supplied about 40% of oil and gas to 18 European countries. But after the Russian attack on Ukraine, European and US sanctions were applied in the field of energy more broadly and comprehensively.

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China’s Rejection of US Sanctions; Strengthening Iran’s Geopolitical Leverage

SCFR Online – Opinion: Concurrent with the official commencement of the United States’ economic war against our country, focusing on sanctions instruments, isolation, and economic pressure, what has now become increasingly important is the lack of alignment of other major global powers, especially China, with this policy.

The Makkah Pact; Reasons for its Formation and Challenges Ahead

SCFR Online – Opinion: The Makkah Pact, signed between Saudi Arabia, Pakistan, and Turkey under the motto “an attack on one is an attack on all,” is viewed by some analysts less as a full-fledged military coalition and more as an attempt to reduce security dependence on an external power and to establish a regional security mechanism.

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Note

Is the Inter-Afghan Meeting in Istanbul the Think Tank of the Doha Summit?

Is the Inter-Afghan Meeting in Istanbul the Think Tank of the Doha Summit?

Strategic Council Online – Opinion: On Thursday and Friday, November 10th and 11th, around 50 political activists and officials of the former government of Afghanistan gathered in a two-day meeting in Istanbul, Turkey, behind closed doors, to discuss the possibility of resuming the “Inter-Afghan negotiations. The meeting was held with the support of the Turkish government and at the initiative of the “National Dialogue Forum.” The Forum was established by Hekmat Karzai, Mostafa Mastoor, Zabihullah Ziyarmal, Nabila Mosleh, Idris Zaman, Ayoub Irfani, and Freema Nawabi, former officials of the Afghan government in 2022.

An Analysis on Recent Visit of US Special Envoy to Lebanon

An Analysis on Recent Visit of US Special Envoy to Lebanon

Strategic Council Online – Opinion: There are important goals and reasons regarding the recent visit of “Amos Hochstein,” the special envoy of the US President to Lebanon. Based on the leaked details of Hochstein’s talks with the Lebanese authorities, as well as the perception of the nature of recent American policies in Lebanon, it appears that finding “new mechanisms” to implement Resolution 1701 with a new approach is the “main goal” behind the trip of Joe Biden’s special envoy to Beirut.

BRICS Role in Realization of New World Order

BRICS Role in Realization of New World Order

Strategic Council Online – Opinion: BRICS, within the framework of “positive” and not “negative” policies, without violating or opposing the principles and order-building components based on the United Nations Charter, is looking for new arrangements that govern political and economic paradigms, security, etc., has challenged America and the liberal system in today’s world.

Formation of Nuclear BRICS to Achieve Zero Carbon in Electricity Production

Formation of Nuclear BRICS to Achieve Zero Carbon in Electricity Production

Strategic Council Online – Opinion: During a BRICS meeting in Moscow at the end of October, senior officials from the nuclear industry of member states signed a joint statement supporting establishing a BRICS nuclear platform. This move underscores the importance of peaceful nuclear energy in these nations’ future energy strategies. From the Islamic Republic of Iran, a delegation from the Atomic Energy Organization, headed by IAEO Deputy and CEO of Iran’s Nuclear Energy Production and Development Holding Company, and active brokers participated in the proceedings. The participating members signed a statement supporting the formation of a nuclear platform (Nuclear BRICS).

An Analysis of Consequences of Russian Energy Embargo

An Analysis of Consequences of Russian Energy Embargo

Strategic Council Online – Opinion: After Russia attacked Ukraine, the European Union and the United States imposed a series of wide-ranging sanctions against Russia in various economic, commercial, and energy fields. Of course, before Russia attacked Ukraine in 2022, the European Union had imposed other sanctions against Moscow following the annexation of the Crimean Peninsula. However, these sanctions were not applied in the energy field because Russia supplied about 40% of oil and gas to 18 European countries. But after the Russian attack on Ukraine, European and US sanctions were applied in the field of energy more broadly and comprehensively.

Note

Is the Inter-Afghan Meeting in Istanbul the Think Tank of the Doha Summit?

Is the Inter-Afghan Meeting in Istanbul the Think Tank of the Doha Summit?

Strategic Council Online – Opinion: On Thursday and Friday, November 10th and 11th, around 50 political activists and officials of the former government of Afghanistan gathered in a two-day meeting in Istanbul, Turkey, behind closed doors, to discuss the possibility of resuming the “Inter-Afghan negotiations. The meeting was held with the support of the Turkish government and at the initiative of the “National Dialogue Forum.” The Forum was established by Hekmat Karzai, Mostafa Mastoor, Zabihullah Ziyarmal, Nabila Mosleh, Idris Zaman, Ayoub Irfani, and Freema Nawabi, former officials of the Afghan government in 2022.

An Analysis on Recent Visit of US Special Envoy to Lebanon

An Analysis on Recent Visit of US Special Envoy to Lebanon

Strategic Council Online – Opinion: There are important goals and reasons regarding the recent visit of “Amos Hochstein,” the special envoy of the US President to Lebanon. Based on the leaked details of Hochstein’s talks with the Lebanese authorities, as well as the perception of the nature of recent American policies in Lebanon, it appears that finding “new mechanisms” to implement Resolution 1701 with a new approach is the “main goal” behind the trip of Joe Biden’s special envoy to Beirut.

BRICS Role in Realization of New World Order

BRICS Role in Realization of New World Order

Strategic Council Online – Opinion: BRICS, within the framework of “positive” and not “negative” policies, without violating or opposing the principles and order-building components based on the United Nations Charter, is looking for new arrangements that govern political and economic paradigms, security, etc., has challenged America and the liberal system in today’s world.

Formation of Nuclear BRICS to Achieve Zero Carbon in Electricity Production

Formation of Nuclear BRICS to Achieve Zero Carbon in Electricity Production

Strategic Council Online – Opinion: During a BRICS meeting in Moscow at the end of October, senior officials from the nuclear industry of member states signed a joint statement supporting establishing a BRICS nuclear platform. This move underscores the importance of peaceful nuclear energy in these nations’ future energy strategies. From the Islamic Republic of Iran, a delegation from the Atomic Energy Organization, headed by IAEO Deputy and CEO of Iran’s Nuclear Energy Production and Development Holding Company, and active brokers participated in the proceedings. The participating members signed a statement supporting the formation of a nuclear platform (Nuclear BRICS).

An Analysis of Consequences of Russian Energy Embargo

An Analysis of Consequences of Russian Energy Embargo

Strategic Council Online – Opinion: After Russia attacked Ukraine, the European Union and the United States imposed a series of wide-ranging sanctions against Russia in various economic, commercial, and energy fields. Of course, before Russia attacked Ukraine in 2022, the European Union had imposed other sanctions against Moscow following the annexation of the Crimean Peninsula. However, these sanctions were not applied in the energy field because Russia supplied about 40% of oil and gas to 18 European countries. But after the Russian attack on Ukraine, European and US sanctions were applied in the field of energy more broadly and comprehensively.

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China’s Rejection of US Sanctions; Strengthening Iran’s Geopolitical Leverage

SCFR Online – Opinion: Concurrent with the official commencement of the United States’ economic war against our country, focusing on sanctions instruments, isolation, and economic pressure, what has now become increasingly important is the lack of alignment of other major global powers, especially China, with this policy.

The Makkah Pact; Reasons for its Formation and Challenges Ahead

SCFR Online – Opinion: The Makkah Pact, signed between Saudi Arabia, Pakistan, and Turkey under the motto “an attack on one is an attack on all,” is viewed by some analysts less as a full-fledged military coalition and more as an attempt to reduce security dependence on an external power and to establish a regional security mechanism.

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Note

Is the Inter-Afghan Meeting in Istanbul the Think Tank of the Doha Summit?

Is the Inter-Afghan Meeting in Istanbul the Think Tank of the Doha Summit?

Strategic Council Online – Opinion: On Thursday and Friday, November 10th and 11th, around 50 political activists and officials of the former government of Afghanistan gathered in a two-day meeting in Istanbul, Turkey, behind closed doors, to discuss the possibility of resuming the “Inter-Afghan negotiations. The meeting was held with the support of the Turkish government and at the initiative of the “National Dialogue Forum.” The Forum was established by Hekmat Karzai, Mostafa Mastoor, Zabihullah Ziyarmal, Nabila Mosleh, Idris Zaman, Ayoub Irfani, and Freema Nawabi, former officials of the Afghan government in 2022.

An Analysis on Recent Visit of US Special Envoy to Lebanon

An Analysis on Recent Visit of US Special Envoy to Lebanon

Strategic Council Online – Opinion: There are important goals and reasons regarding the recent visit of “Amos Hochstein,” the special envoy of the US President to Lebanon. Based on the leaked details of Hochstein’s talks with the Lebanese authorities, as well as the perception of the nature of recent American policies in Lebanon, it appears that finding “new mechanisms” to implement Resolution 1701 with a new approach is the “main goal” behind the trip of Joe Biden’s special envoy to Beirut.

BRICS Role in Realization of New World Order

BRICS Role in Realization of New World Order

Strategic Council Online – Opinion: BRICS, within the framework of “positive” and not “negative” policies, without violating or opposing the principles and order-building components based on the United Nations Charter, is looking for new arrangements that govern political and economic paradigms, security, etc., has challenged America and the liberal system in today’s world.

Formation of Nuclear BRICS to Achieve Zero Carbon in Electricity Production

Formation of Nuclear BRICS to Achieve Zero Carbon in Electricity Production

Strategic Council Online – Opinion: During a BRICS meeting in Moscow at the end of October, senior officials from the nuclear industry of member states signed a joint statement supporting establishing a BRICS nuclear platform. This move underscores the importance of peaceful nuclear energy in these nations’ future energy strategies. From the Islamic Republic of Iran, a delegation from the Atomic Energy Organization, headed by IAEO Deputy and CEO of Iran’s Nuclear Energy Production and Development Holding Company, and active brokers participated in the proceedings. The participating members signed a statement supporting the formation of a nuclear platform (Nuclear BRICS).

An Analysis of Consequences of Russian Energy Embargo

An Analysis of Consequences of Russian Energy Embargo

Strategic Council Online – Opinion: After Russia attacked Ukraine, the European Union and the United States imposed a series of wide-ranging sanctions against Russia in various economic, commercial, and energy fields. Of course, before Russia attacked Ukraine in 2022, the European Union had imposed other sanctions against Moscow following the annexation of the Crimean Peninsula. However, these sanctions were not applied in the energy field because Russia supplied about 40% of oil and gas to 18 European countries. But after the Russian attack on Ukraine, European and US sanctions were applied in the field of energy more broadly and comprehensively.

ÚLTIMAS PUBLICACIONES

China’s Rejection of US Sanctions; Strengthening Iran’s Geopolitical Leverage

SCFR Online – Opinion: Concurrent with the official commencement of the United States’ economic war against our country, focusing on sanctions instruments, isolation, and economic pressure, what has now become increasingly important is the lack of alignment of other major global powers, especially China, with this policy.

The Makkah Pact; Reasons for its Formation and Challenges Ahead

SCFR Online – Opinion: The Makkah Pact, signed between Saudi Arabia, Pakistan, and Turkey under the motto “an attack on one is an attack on all,” is viewed by some analysts less as a full-fledged military coalition and more as an attempt to reduce security dependence on an external power and to establish a regional security mechanism.

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Note

Is the Inter-Afghan Meeting in Istanbul the Think Tank of the Doha Summit?

Is the Inter-Afghan Meeting in Istanbul the Think Tank of the Doha Summit?

Strategic Council Online – Opinion: On Thursday and Friday, November 10th and 11th, around 50 political activists and officials of the former government of Afghanistan gathered in a two-day meeting in Istanbul, Turkey, behind closed doors, to discuss the possibility of resuming the “Inter-Afghan negotiations. The meeting was held with the support of the Turkish government and at the initiative of the “National Dialogue Forum.” The Forum was established by Hekmat Karzai, Mostafa Mastoor, Zabihullah Ziyarmal, Nabila Mosleh, Idris Zaman, Ayoub Irfani, and Freema Nawabi, former officials of the Afghan government in 2022.

An Analysis on Recent Visit of US Special Envoy to Lebanon

An Analysis on Recent Visit of US Special Envoy to Lebanon

Strategic Council Online – Opinion: There are important goals and reasons regarding the recent visit of “Amos Hochstein,” the special envoy of the US President to Lebanon. Based on the leaked details of Hochstein’s talks with the Lebanese authorities, as well as the perception of the nature of recent American policies in Lebanon, it appears that finding “new mechanisms” to implement Resolution 1701 with a new approach is the “main goal” behind the trip of Joe Biden’s special envoy to Beirut.

BRICS Role in Realization of New World Order

BRICS Role in Realization of New World Order

Strategic Council Online – Opinion: BRICS, within the framework of “positive” and not “negative” policies, without violating or opposing the principles and order-building components based on the United Nations Charter, is looking for new arrangements that govern political and economic paradigms, security, etc., has challenged America and the liberal system in today’s world.

Formation of Nuclear BRICS to Achieve Zero Carbon in Electricity Production

Formation of Nuclear BRICS to Achieve Zero Carbon in Electricity Production

Strategic Council Online – Opinion: During a BRICS meeting in Moscow at the end of October, senior officials from the nuclear industry of member states signed a joint statement supporting establishing a BRICS nuclear platform. This move underscores the importance of peaceful nuclear energy in these nations’ future energy strategies. From the Islamic Republic of Iran, a delegation from the Atomic Energy Organization, headed by IAEO Deputy and CEO of Iran’s Nuclear Energy Production and Development Holding Company, and active brokers participated in the proceedings. The participating members signed a statement supporting the formation of a nuclear platform (Nuclear BRICS).

An Analysis of Consequences of Russian Energy Embargo

An Analysis of Consequences of Russian Energy Embargo

Strategic Council Online – Opinion: After Russia attacked Ukraine, the European Union and the United States imposed a series of wide-ranging sanctions against Russia in various economic, commercial, and energy fields. Of course, before Russia attacked Ukraine in 2022, the European Union had imposed other sanctions against Moscow following the annexation of the Crimean Peninsula. However, these sanctions were not applied in the energy field because Russia supplied about 40% of oil and gas to 18 European countries. But after the Russian attack on Ukraine, European and US sanctions were applied in the field of energy more broadly and comprehensively.

ÚLTIMAS PUBLICACIONES

China’s Rejection of US Sanctions; Strengthening Iran’s Geopolitical Leverage

SCFR Online – Opinion: Concurrent with the official commencement of the United States’ economic war against our country, focusing on sanctions instruments, isolation, and economic pressure, what has now become increasingly important is the lack of alignment of other major global powers, especially China, with this policy.

The Makkah Pact; Reasons for its Formation and Challenges Ahead

SCFR Online – Opinion: The Makkah Pact, signed between Saudi Arabia, Pakistan, and Turkey under the motto “an attack on one is an attack on all,” is viewed by some analysts less as a full-fledged military coalition and more as an attempt to reduce security dependence on an external power and to establish a regional security mechanism.

Loading

Note

Is the Inter-Afghan Meeting in Istanbul the Think Tank of the Doha Summit?

Is the Inter-Afghan Meeting in Istanbul the Think Tank of the Doha Summit?

Strategic Council Online – Opinion: On Thursday and Friday, November 10th and 11th, around 50 political activists and officials of the former government of Afghanistan gathered in a two-day meeting in Istanbul, Turkey, behind closed doors, to discuss the possibility of resuming the “Inter-Afghan negotiations. The meeting was held with the support of the Turkish government and at the initiative of the “National Dialogue Forum.” The Forum was established by Hekmat Karzai, Mostafa Mastoor, Zabihullah Ziyarmal, Nabila Mosleh, Idris Zaman, Ayoub Irfani, and Freema Nawabi, former officials of the Afghan government in 2022.

An Analysis on Recent Visit of US Special Envoy to Lebanon

An Analysis on Recent Visit of US Special Envoy to Lebanon

Strategic Council Online – Opinion: There are important goals and reasons regarding the recent visit of “Amos Hochstein,” the special envoy of the US President to Lebanon. Based on the leaked details of Hochstein’s talks with the Lebanese authorities, as well as the perception of the nature of recent American policies in Lebanon, it appears that finding “new mechanisms” to implement Resolution 1701 with a new approach is the “main goal” behind the trip of Joe Biden’s special envoy to Beirut.

BRICS Role in Realization of New World Order

BRICS Role in Realization of New World Order

Strategic Council Online – Opinion: BRICS, within the framework of “positive” and not “negative” policies, without violating or opposing the principles and order-building components based on the United Nations Charter, is looking for new arrangements that govern political and economic paradigms, security, etc., has challenged America and the liberal system in today’s world.

Formation of Nuclear BRICS to Achieve Zero Carbon in Electricity Production

Formation of Nuclear BRICS to Achieve Zero Carbon in Electricity Production

Strategic Council Online – Opinion: During a BRICS meeting in Moscow at the end of October, senior officials from the nuclear industry of member states signed a joint statement supporting establishing a BRICS nuclear platform. This move underscores the importance of peaceful nuclear energy in these nations’ future energy strategies. From the Islamic Republic of Iran, a delegation from the Atomic Energy Organization, headed by IAEO Deputy and CEO of Iran’s Nuclear Energy Production and Development Holding Company, and active brokers participated in the proceedings. The participating members signed a statement supporting the formation of a nuclear platform (Nuclear BRICS).

An Analysis of Consequences of Russian Energy Embargo

An Analysis of Consequences of Russian Energy Embargo

Strategic Council Online – Opinion: After Russia attacked Ukraine, the European Union and the United States imposed a series of wide-ranging sanctions against Russia in various economic, commercial, and energy fields. Of course, before Russia attacked Ukraine in 2022, the European Union had imposed other sanctions against Moscow following the annexation of the Crimean Peninsula. However, these sanctions were not applied in the energy field because Russia supplied about 40% of oil and gas to 18 European countries. But after the Russian attack on Ukraine, European and US sanctions were applied in the field of energy more broadly and comprehensively.

ÚLTIMAS PUBLICACIONES

China’s Rejection of US Sanctions; Strengthening Iran’s Geopolitical Leverage

SCFR Online – Opinion: Concurrent with the official commencement of the United States’ economic war against our country, focusing on sanctions instruments, isolation, and economic pressure, what has now become increasingly important is the lack of alignment of other major global powers, especially China, with this policy.

The Makkah Pact; Reasons for its Formation and Challenges Ahead

SCFR Online – Opinion: The Makkah Pact, signed between Saudi Arabia, Pakistan, and Turkey under the motto “an attack on one is an attack on all,” is viewed by some analysts less as a full-fledged military coalition and more as an attempt to reduce security dependence on an external power and to establish a regional security mechanism.

Loading

Note

Is the Inter-Afghan Meeting in Istanbul the Think Tank of the Doha Summit?

Is the Inter-Afghan Meeting in Istanbul the Think Tank of the Doha Summit?

Strategic Council Online – Opinion: On Thursday and Friday, November 10th and 11th, around 50 political activists and officials of the former government of Afghanistan gathered in a two-day meeting in Istanbul, Turkey, behind closed doors, to discuss the possibility of resuming the “Inter-Afghan negotiations. The meeting was held with the support of the Turkish government and at the initiative of the “National Dialogue Forum.” The Forum was established by Hekmat Karzai, Mostafa Mastoor, Zabihullah Ziyarmal, Nabila Mosleh, Idris Zaman, Ayoub Irfani, and Freema Nawabi, former officials of the Afghan government in 2022.

An Analysis on Recent Visit of US Special Envoy to Lebanon

An Analysis on Recent Visit of US Special Envoy to Lebanon

Strategic Council Online – Opinion: There are important goals and reasons regarding the recent visit of “Amos Hochstein,” the special envoy of the US President to Lebanon. Based on the leaked details of Hochstein’s talks with the Lebanese authorities, as well as the perception of the nature of recent American policies in Lebanon, it appears that finding “new mechanisms” to implement Resolution 1701 with a new approach is the “main goal” behind the trip of Joe Biden’s special envoy to Beirut.

BRICS Role in Realization of New World Order

BRICS Role in Realization of New World Order

Strategic Council Online – Opinion: BRICS, within the framework of “positive” and not “negative” policies, without violating or opposing the principles and order-building components based on the United Nations Charter, is looking for new arrangements that govern political and economic paradigms, security, etc., has challenged America and the liberal system in today’s world.

Formation of Nuclear BRICS to Achieve Zero Carbon in Electricity Production

Formation of Nuclear BRICS to Achieve Zero Carbon in Electricity Production

Strategic Council Online – Opinion: During a BRICS meeting in Moscow at the end of October, senior officials from the nuclear industry of member states signed a joint statement supporting establishing a BRICS nuclear platform. This move underscores the importance of peaceful nuclear energy in these nations’ future energy strategies. From the Islamic Republic of Iran, a delegation from the Atomic Energy Organization, headed by IAEO Deputy and CEO of Iran’s Nuclear Energy Production and Development Holding Company, and active brokers participated in the proceedings. The participating members signed a statement supporting the formation of a nuclear platform (Nuclear BRICS).

An Analysis of Consequences of Russian Energy Embargo

An Analysis of Consequences of Russian Energy Embargo

Strategic Council Online – Opinion: After Russia attacked Ukraine, the European Union and the United States imposed a series of wide-ranging sanctions against Russia in various economic, commercial, and energy fields. Of course, before Russia attacked Ukraine in 2022, the European Union had imposed other sanctions against Moscow following the annexation of the Crimean Peninsula. However, these sanctions were not applied in the energy field because Russia supplied about 40% of oil and gas to 18 European countries. But after the Russian attack on Ukraine, European and US sanctions were applied in the field of energy more broadly and comprehensively.

ÚLTIMAS PUBLICACIONES

China’s Rejection of US Sanctions; Strengthening Iran’s Geopolitical Leverage

SCFR Online – Opinion: Concurrent with the official commencement of the United States’ economic war against our country, focusing on sanctions instruments, isolation, and economic pressure, what has now become increasingly important is the lack of alignment of other major global powers, especially China, with this policy.

The Makkah Pact; Reasons for its Formation and Challenges Ahead

SCFR Online – Opinion: The Makkah Pact, signed between Saudi Arabia, Pakistan, and Turkey under the motto “an attack on one is an attack on all,” is viewed by some analysts less as a full-fledged military coalition and more as an attempt to reduce security dependence on an external power and to establish a regional security mechanism.

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