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The Makkah Pact Under scrutiny; From the “Deterrence Dilemma” to the “Risk of Disrupting Security”

SCFR Online – Opinion: The Makkah Pact, signed on August 7, 2026, between Saudi Arabia, Turkey, and Pakistan, is more than an answer to geopolitical vacuums; in practice, it faces a “deterrence dilemma” and “differing threat perception.” While this pact symbolizes a transition toward regional self-reliance, its first field tests and the complexities of relations with regional actors will determine its real meaning.

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Dr. Hossein Mofidi Ahmadi

Strengthening Marine, Air Power, Britain’s Post-Brexit Strategy

Strengthening Marine, Air Power, Britain’s Post-Brexit Strategy

Strategic Council Online – One of Britain’s responses to instability in liberal order that, in the aftermath of the World War II and together with the United States, has been its most important advocate and builder, is strategic self-reliance, by strengthening its defense capability and the noteworthy point in the new defense assessment of that country is the shift in orientation and focus on national defense and foreign security around the naval and air forces and establishment of more military bases outside Britain.
Dr. Hossein Mofidi Ahmadi – Researcher on Britain and Europe affairs

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The Makkah Pact Under scrutiny; From the “Deterrence Dilemma” to the “Risk of Disrupting Security”

SCFR Online – Opinion: The Makkah Pact, signed on August 7, 2026, between Saudi Arabia, Turkey, and Pakistan, is more than an answer to geopolitical vacuums; in practice, it faces a “deterrence dilemma” and “differing threat perception.” While this pact symbolizes a transition toward regional self-reliance, its first field tests and the complexities of relations with regional actors will determine its real meaning.

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Dr. Hossein Mofidi Ahmadi

Strengthening Marine, Air Power, Britain’s Post-Brexit Strategy

Strengthening Marine, Air Power, Britain’s Post-Brexit Strategy

Strategic Council Online – One of Britain’s responses to instability in liberal order that, in the aftermath of the World War II and together with the United States, has been its most important advocate and builder, is strategic self-reliance, by strengthening its defense capability and the noteworthy point in the new defense assessment of that country is the shift in orientation and focus on national defense and foreign security around the naval and air forces and establishment of more military bases outside Britain.
Dr. Hossein Mofidi Ahmadi – Researcher on Britain and Europe affairs

Dr. Hossein Mofidi Ahmadi

Strengthening Marine, Air Power, Britain’s Post-Brexit Strategy

Strengthening Marine, Air Power, Britain’s Post-Brexit Strategy

Strategic Council Online – One of Britain’s responses to instability in liberal order that, in the aftermath of the World War II and together with the United States, has been its most important advocate and builder, is strategic self-reliance, by strengthening its defense capability and the noteworthy point in the new defense assessment of that country is the shift in orientation and focus on national defense and foreign security around the naval and air forces and establishment of more military bases outside Britain.
Dr. Hossein Mofidi Ahmadi – Researcher on Britain and Europe affairs

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The Makkah Pact Under scrutiny; From the “Deterrence Dilemma” to the “Risk of Disrupting Security”

SCFR Online – Opinion: The Makkah Pact, signed on August 7, 2026, between Saudi Arabia, Turkey, and Pakistan, is more than an answer to geopolitical vacuums; in practice, it faces a “deterrence dilemma” and “differing threat perception.” While this pact symbolizes a transition toward regional self-reliance, its first field tests and the complexities of relations with regional actors will determine its real meaning.

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Dr. Hossein Mofidi Ahmadi

Strengthening Marine, Air Power, Britain’s Post-Brexit Strategy

Strengthening Marine, Air Power, Britain’s Post-Brexit Strategy

Strategic Council Online – One of Britain’s responses to instability in liberal order that, in the aftermath of the World War II and together with the United States, has been its most important advocate and builder, is strategic self-reliance, by strengthening its defense capability and the noteworthy point in the new defense assessment of that country is the shift in orientation and focus on national defense and foreign security around the naval and air forces and establishment of more military bases outside Britain.
Dr. Hossein Mofidi Ahmadi – Researcher on Britain and Europe affairs

ÚLTIMAS PUBLICACIONES

The Makkah Pact Under scrutiny; From the “Deterrence Dilemma” to the “Risk of Disrupting Security”

SCFR Online – Opinion: The Makkah Pact, signed on August 7, 2026, between Saudi Arabia, Turkey, and Pakistan, is more than an answer to geopolitical vacuums; in practice, it faces a “deterrence dilemma” and “differing threat perception.” While this pact symbolizes a transition toward regional self-reliance, its first field tests and the complexities of relations with regional actors will determine its real meaning.

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Dr. Hossein Mofidi Ahmadi

Strengthening Marine, Air Power, Britain’s Post-Brexit Strategy

Strengthening Marine, Air Power, Britain’s Post-Brexit Strategy

Strategic Council Online – One of Britain’s responses to instability in liberal order that, in the aftermath of the World War II and together with the United States, has been its most important advocate and builder, is strategic self-reliance, by strengthening its defense capability and the noteworthy point in the new defense assessment of that country is the shift in orientation and focus on national defense and foreign security around the naval and air forces and establishment of more military bases outside Britain.
Dr. Hossein Mofidi Ahmadi – Researcher on Britain and Europe affairs

ÚLTIMAS PUBLICACIONES

The Makkah Pact Under scrutiny; From the “Deterrence Dilemma” to the “Risk of Disrupting Security”

SCFR Online – Opinion: The Makkah Pact, signed on August 7, 2026, between Saudi Arabia, Turkey, and Pakistan, is more than an answer to geopolitical vacuums; in practice, it faces a “deterrence dilemma” and “differing threat perception.” While this pact symbolizes a transition toward regional self-reliance, its first field tests and the complexities of relations with regional actors will determine its real meaning.

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Dr. Hossein Mofidi Ahmadi

Strengthening Marine, Air Power, Britain’s Post-Brexit Strategy

Strengthening Marine, Air Power, Britain’s Post-Brexit Strategy

Strategic Council Online – One of Britain’s responses to instability in liberal order that, in the aftermath of the World War II and together with the United States, has been its most important advocate and builder, is strategic self-reliance, by strengthening its defense capability and the noteworthy point in the new defense assessment of that country is the shift in orientation and focus on national defense and foreign security around the naval and air forces and establishment of more military bases outside Britain.
Dr. Hossein Mofidi Ahmadi – Researcher on Britain and Europe affairs

ÚLTIMAS PUBLICACIONES

The Makkah Pact Under scrutiny; From the “Deterrence Dilemma” to the “Risk of Disrupting Security”

SCFR Online – Opinion: The Makkah Pact, signed on August 7, 2026, between Saudi Arabia, Turkey, and Pakistan, is more than an answer to geopolitical vacuums; in practice, it faces a “deterrence dilemma” and “differing threat perception.” While this pact symbolizes a transition toward regional self-reliance, its first field tests and the complexities of relations with regional actors will determine its real meaning.

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Dr. Hossein Mofidi Ahmadi

Strengthening Marine, Air Power, Britain’s Post-Brexit Strategy

Strengthening Marine, Air Power, Britain’s Post-Brexit Strategy

Strategic Council Online – One of Britain’s responses to instability in liberal order that, in the aftermath of the World War II and together with the United States, has been its most important advocate and builder, is strategic self-reliance, by strengthening its defense capability and the noteworthy point in the new defense assessment of that country is the shift in orientation and focus on national defense and foreign security around the naval and air forces and establishment of more military bases outside Britain.
Dr. Hossein Mofidi Ahmadi – Researcher on Britain and Europe affairs

ÚLTIMAS PUBLICACIONES

The Makkah Pact Under scrutiny; From the “Deterrence Dilemma” to the “Risk of Disrupting Security”

SCFR Online – Opinion: The Makkah Pact, signed on August 7, 2026, between Saudi Arabia, Turkey, and Pakistan, is more than an answer to geopolitical vacuums; in practice, it faces a “deterrence dilemma” and “differing threat perception.” While this pact symbolizes a transition toward regional self-reliance, its first field tests and the complexities of relations with regional actors will determine its real meaning.

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