جدیدترین مطالب

Realities of the Tripartite Makkah Pact

SCFR Online – Interview: The signing of the Makkah agreement between Saudi Arabia, Pakistan, and Turkey has raised questions about the future of the region’s security structure and the position of these countries in West Asian equations. Can this agreement become a genuine collective defense mechanism, or does it have more of a political and deterrent function than creating new military capacity?

Strategic Implications of the Reduction of US Weapons Stockpiles

SCFR Online – Opinion: The continuation of the US war against Iran, in addition to increasing operational costs, has called into question the actual capacity of the American arsenal to simultaneously fulfill security commitments on multiple fronts; an issue that affects deterrence, defense production capacity, and Washington’s resource prioritization.

The Formation of a New Order in Relations Between Powers

SCFR Online – Opinion: The Russia-Ukraine war and the war of the United States and the Israeli regime against Iran have been formed with different objectives and actors, but field and political developments indicate that they are not entirely separate from one another.

An Analysis of the Makkah Defense Pact

SCFR Online – Opinion: On Friday, August 7, the heads of state of three countries – Saudi Arabia, Turkey, and Pakistan – signed a text under the title “Makkah Joint Defense Agreement.”

Dimensions and challenges of the initiative to revive the Hejaz Railway

Strategic Council Online – Note: The initiative to revive the Hejaz Railway, beyond being a transportation project, constitutes an attempt to redefine geopolitics, the economy, and Turkey’s regional position; however, its realization appears to face significant financial, security, and institutional challenges.

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Ebrahim Romina

Ecological Outlook and Intra-Regional Interaction in the Persian Gulf

Ecological Outlook and Intra-Regional Interaction in the Persian Gulf

Strategic Council Online: Ecology, in its simplest sense, is the study of the relationship of the living organisms and their environment. In an ecological environment, demographic phenomena, type of nutrition, shape, size and amount, habits and behavior of animals in that environment are influential in its survival or vulnerability. In addition to the complex internal relationship, the extra systemic relationship of any ecological environment is effective in its survival. If the external systemic relations of a specific ecological environment fluctuate with other environments, its vulnerability is certain.

Iran and the probable victory of Biden in US elections

Iran and the probable victory of Biden in US elections

Strategic Council Online—Opinion: The fifty-ninth presidential elections of the United States of American will be held on 03 November 2020 with the main competition being between two old candidates from the two main political parties of the United States. The candidate of the Democratic Party has nearly five decades of experience while the Republican candidate has only four years of political experience. They are now entering the last week of the tense campaign to enter the White House. Any political and geopolitical action of the United States is a phenomenon which has its own special repercussions for the entire world and countries.
Ebrahim Roomina—Member of the academic staff of Tarbiyat Modarres University

Afghanistan and the Space for Geopolitical Actors

Afghanistan and the Space for Geopolitical Actors

Strategic Council Online: In the wake of the Coronavirus crisis that has engulfed the entire world significant developments are underway in Afghanistan engineered by the United States and supported by other world and regional powers which cast doubt on the prospects of restoring stability and security to Afghanistan. The US-led peace agreement with the Taliban will bring Afghanistan into a new phase of geopolitical action that will shape regional and trans-regional forces in relation to Afghanistan’s ethnic, religious and political structure.
Ebrahim Romina – Assistant Professor of Political Geography at Tarbiat Modares University

Corona and the Need for Regional, Global Cooperation

Corona and the Need for Regional, Global Cooperation

Strategic Council Online: The world has been in the throes of Corona Disease (COVID-19) since late 2019: A malicious virus, which can have many lessons for the vulnerable world. Within a short time, it crosses global boundaries and enters other spaces affected by economic entanglement and spatial functions.
Ebrahim Romina, Assistant Professor of Political Geography and Geopolitics, Tarbiat Modares University

أحدث الوظائف

Realities of the Tripartite Makkah Pact

SCFR Online – Interview: The signing of the Makkah agreement between Saudi Arabia, Pakistan, and Turkey has raised questions about the future of the region’s security structure and the position of these countries in West Asian equations. Can this agreement become a genuine collective defense mechanism, or does it have more of a political and deterrent function than creating new military capacity?

Strategic Implications of the Reduction of US Weapons Stockpiles

SCFR Online – Opinion: The continuation of the US war against Iran, in addition to increasing operational costs, has called into question the actual capacity of the American arsenal to simultaneously fulfill security commitments on multiple fronts; an issue that affects deterrence, defense production capacity, and Washington’s resource prioritization.

The Formation of a New Order in Relations Between Powers

SCFR Online – Opinion: The Russia-Ukraine war and the war of the United States and the Israeli regime against Iran have been formed with different objectives and actors, but field and political developments indicate that they are not entirely separate from one another.

An Analysis of the Makkah Defense Pact

SCFR Online – Opinion: On Friday, August 7, the heads of state of three countries – Saudi Arabia, Turkey, and Pakistan – signed a text under the title “Makkah Joint Defense Agreement.”

Dimensions and challenges of the initiative to revive the Hejaz Railway

Strategic Council Online – Note: The initiative to revive the Hejaz Railway, beyond being a transportation project, constitutes an attempt to redefine geopolitics, the economy, and Turkey’s regional position; however, its realization appears to face significant financial, security, and institutional challenges.

Loading

Ebrahim Romina

Ecological Outlook and Intra-Regional Interaction in the Persian Gulf

Ecological Outlook and Intra-Regional Interaction in the Persian Gulf

Strategic Council Online: Ecology, in its simplest sense, is the study of the relationship of the living organisms and their environment. In an ecological environment, demographic phenomena, type of nutrition, shape, size and amount, habits and behavior of animals in that environment are influential in its survival or vulnerability. In addition to the complex internal relationship, the extra systemic relationship of any ecological environment is effective in its survival. If the external systemic relations of a specific ecological environment fluctuate with other environments, its vulnerability is certain.

Iran and the probable victory of Biden in US elections

Iran and the probable victory of Biden in US elections

Strategic Council Online—Opinion: The fifty-ninth presidential elections of the United States of American will be held on 03 November 2020 with the main competition being between two old candidates from the two main political parties of the United States. The candidate of the Democratic Party has nearly five decades of experience while the Republican candidate has only four years of political experience. They are now entering the last week of the tense campaign to enter the White House. Any political and geopolitical action of the United States is a phenomenon which has its own special repercussions for the entire world and countries.
Ebrahim Roomina—Member of the academic staff of Tarbiyat Modarres University

Afghanistan and the Space for Geopolitical Actors

Afghanistan and the Space for Geopolitical Actors

Strategic Council Online: In the wake of the Coronavirus crisis that has engulfed the entire world significant developments are underway in Afghanistan engineered by the United States and supported by other world and regional powers which cast doubt on the prospects of restoring stability and security to Afghanistan. The US-led peace agreement with the Taliban will bring Afghanistan into a new phase of geopolitical action that will shape regional and trans-regional forces in relation to Afghanistan’s ethnic, religious and political structure.
Ebrahim Romina – Assistant Professor of Political Geography at Tarbiat Modares University

Corona and the Need for Regional, Global Cooperation

Corona and the Need for Regional, Global Cooperation

Strategic Council Online: The world has been in the throes of Corona Disease (COVID-19) since late 2019: A malicious virus, which can have many lessons for the vulnerable world. Within a short time, it crosses global boundaries and enters other spaces affected by economic entanglement and spatial functions.
Ebrahim Romina, Assistant Professor of Political Geography and Geopolitics, Tarbiat Modares University

Ebrahim Romina

Ecological Outlook and Intra-Regional Interaction in the Persian Gulf

Ecological Outlook and Intra-Regional Interaction in the Persian Gulf

Strategic Council Online: Ecology, in its simplest sense, is the study of the relationship of the living organisms and their environment. In an ecological environment, demographic phenomena, type of nutrition, shape, size and amount, habits and behavior of animals in that environment are influential in its survival or vulnerability. In addition to the complex internal relationship, the extra systemic relationship of any ecological environment is effective in its survival. If the external systemic relations of a specific ecological environment fluctuate with other environments, its vulnerability is certain.

Iran and the probable victory of Biden in US elections

Iran and the probable victory of Biden in US elections

Strategic Council Online—Opinion: The fifty-ninth presidential elections of the United States of American will be held on 03 November 2020 with the main competition being between two old candidates from the two main political parties of the United States. The candidate of the Democratic Party has nearly five decades of experience while the Republican candidate has only four years of political experience. They are now entering the last week of the tense campaign to enter the White House. Any political and geopolitical action of the United States is a phenomenon which has its own special repercussions for the entire world and countries.
Ebrahim Roomina—Member of the academic staff of Tarbiyat Modarres University

Afghanistan and the Space for Geopolitical Actors

Afghanistan and the Space for Geopolitical Actors

Strategic Council Online: In the wake of the Coronavirus crisis that has engulfed the entire world significant developments are underway in Afghanistan engineered by the United States and supported by other world and regional powers which cast doubt on the prospects of restoring stability and security to Afghanistan. The US-led peace agreement with the Taliban will bring Afghanistan into a new phase of geopolitical action that will shape regional and trans-regional forces in relation to Afghanistan’s ethnic, religious and political structure.
Ebrahim Romina – Assistant Professor of Political Geography at Tarbiat Modares University

Corona and the Need for Regional, Global Cooperation

Corona and the Need for Regional, Global Cooperation

Strategic Council Online: The world has been in the throes of Corona Disease (COVID-19) since late 2019: A malicious virus, which can have many lessons for the vulnerable world. Within a short time, it crosses global boundaries and enters other spaces affected by economic entanglement and spatial functions.
Ebrahim Romina, Assistant Professor of Political Geography and Geopolitics, Tarbiat Modares University

LATEST CONTENT

Realities of the Tripartite Makkah Pact

SCFR Online – Interview: The signing of the Makkah agreement between Saudi Arabia, Pakistan, and Turkey has raised questions about the future of the region’s security structure and the position of these countries in West Asian equations. Can this agreement become a genuine collective defense mechanism, or does it have more of a political and deterrent function than creating new military capacity?

Strategic Implications of the Reduction of US Weapons Stockpiles

SCFR Online – Opinion: The continuation of the US war against Iran, in addition to increasing operational costs, has called into question the actual capacity of the American arsenal to simultaneously fulfill security commitments on multiple fronts; an issue that affects deterrence, defense production capacity, and Washington’s resource prioritization.

The Formation of a New Order in Relations Between Powers

SCFR Online – Opinion: The Russia-Ukraine war and the war of the United States and the Israeli regime against Iran have been formed with different objectives and actors, but field and political developments indicate that they are not entirely separate from one another.

An Analysis of the Makkah Defense Pact

SCFR Online – Opinion: On Friday, August 7, the heads of state of three countries – Saudi Arabia, Turkey, and Pakistan – signed a text under the title “Makkah Joint Defense Agreement.”

Dimensions and challenges of the initiative to revive the Hejaz Railway

Strategic Council Online – Note: The initiative to revive the Hejaz Railway, beyond being a transportation project, constitutes an attempt to redefine geopolitics, the economy, and Turkey’s regional position; however, its realization appears to face significant financial, security, and institutional challenges.

Loading

Ebrahim Romina

Ecological Outlook and Intra-Regional Interaction in the Persian Gulf

Ecological Outlook and Intra-Regional Interaction in the Persian Gulf

Strategic Council Online: Ecology, in its simplest sense, is the study of the relationship of the living organisms and their environment. In an ecological environment, demographic phenomena, type of nutrition, shape, size and amount, habits and behavior of animals in that environment are influential in its survival or vulnerability. In addition to the complex internal relationship, the extra systemic relationship of any ecological environment is effective in its survival. If the external systemic relations of a specific ecological environment fluctuate with other environments, its vulnerability is certain.

Iran and the probable victory of Biden in US elections

Iran and the probable victory of Biden in US elections

Strategic Council Online—Opinion: The fifty-ninth presidential elections of the United States of American will be held on 03 November 2020 with the main competition being between two old candidates from the two main political parties of the United States. The candidate of the Democratic Party has nearly five decades of experience while the Republican candidate has only four years of political experience. They are now entering the last week of the tense campaign to enter the White House. Any political and geopolitical action of the United States is a phenomenon which has its own special repercussions for the entire world and countries.
Ebrahim Roomina—Member of the academic staff of Tarbiyat Modarres University

Afghanistan and the Space for Geopolitical Actors

Afghanistan and the Space for Geopolitical Actors

Strategic Council Online: In the wake of the Coronavirus crisis that has engulfed the entire world significant developments are underway in Afghanistan engineered by the United States and supported by other world and regional powers which cast doubt on the prospects of restoring stability and security to Afghanistan. The US-led peace agreement with the Taliban will bring Afghanistan into a new phase of geopolitical action that will shape regional and trans-regional forces in relation to Afghanistan’s ethnic, religious and political structure.
Ebrahim Romina – Assistant Professor of Political Geography at Tarbiat Modares University

Corona and the Need for Regional, Global Cooperation

Corona and the Need for Regional, Global Cooperation

Strategic Council Online: The world has been in the throes of Corona Disease (COVID-19) since late 2019: A malicious virus, which can have many lessons for the vulnerable world. Within a short time, it crosses global boundaries and enters other spaces affected by economic entanglement and spatial functions.
Ebrahim Romina, Assistant Professor of Political Geography and Geopolitics, Tarbiat Modares University

ÚLTIMAS PUBLICACIONES

Realities of the Tripartite Makkah Pact

SCFR Online – Interview: The signing of the Makkah agreement between Saudi Arabia, Pakistan, and Turkey has raised questions about the future of the region’s security structure and the position of these countries in West Asian equations. Can this agreement become a genuine collective defense mechanism, or does it have more of a political and deterrent function than creating new military capacity?

Strategic Implications of the Reduction of US Weapons Stockpiles

SCFR Online – Opinion: The continuation of the US war against Iran, in addition to increasing operational costs, has called into question the actual capacity of the American arsenal to simultaneously fulfill security commitments on multiple fronts; an issue that affects deterrence, defense production capacity, and Washington’s resource prioritization.

The Formation of a New Order in Relations Between Powers

SCFR Online – Opinion: The Russia-Ukraine war and the war of the United States and the Israeli regime against Iran have been formed with different objectives and actors, but field and political developments indicate that they are not entirely separate from one another.

An Analysis of the Makkah Defense Pact

SCFR Online – Opinion: On Friday, August 7, the heads of state of three countries – Saudi Arabia, Turkey, and Pakistan – signed a text under the title “Makkah Joint Defense Agreement.”

Dimensions and challenges of the initiative to revive the Hejaz Railway

Strategic Council Online – Note: The initiative to revive the Hejaz Railway, beyond being a transportation project, constitutes an attempt to redefine geopolitics, the economy, and Turkey’s regional position; however, its realization appears to face significant financial, security, and institutional challenges.

Loading

Ebrahim Romina

Ecological Outlook and Intra-Regional Interaction in the Persian Gulf

Ecological Outlook and Intra-Regional Interaction in the Persian Gulf

Strategic Council Online: Ecology, in its simplest sense, is the study of the relationship of the living organisms and their environment. In an ecological environment, demographic phenomena, type of nutrition, shape, size and amount, habits and behavior of animals in that environment are influential in its survival or vulnerability. In addition to the complex internal relationship, the extra systemic relationship of any ecological environment is effective in its survival. If the external systemic relations of a specific ecological environment fluctuate with other environments, its vulnerability is certain.

Iran and the probable victory of Biden in US elections

Iran and the probable victory of Biden in US elections

Strategic Council Online—Opinion: The fifty-ninth presidential elections of the United States of American will be held on 03 November 2020 with the main competition being between two old candidates from the two main political parties of the United States. The candidate of the Democratic Party has nearly five decades of experience while the Republican candidate has only four years of political experience. They are now entering the last week of the tense campaign to enter the White House. Any political and geopolitical action of the United States is a phenomenon which has its own special repercussions for the entire world and countries.
Ebrahim Roomina—Member of the academic staff of Tarbiyat Modarres University

Afghanistan and the Space for Geopolitical Actors

Afghanistan and the Space for Geopolitical Actors

Strategic Council Online: In the wake of the Coronavirus crisis that has engulfed the entire world significant developments are underway in Afghanistan engineered by the United States and supported by other world and regional powers which cast doubt on the prospects of restoring stability and security to Afghanistan. The US-led peace agreement with the Taliban will bring Afghanistan into a new phase of geopolitical action that will shape regional and trans-regional forces in relation to Afghanistan’s ethnic, religious and political structure.
Ebrahim Romina – Assistant Professor of Political Geography at Tarbiat Modares University

Corona and the Need for Regional, Global Cooperation

Corona and the Need for Regional, Global Cooperation

Strategic Council Online: The world has been in the throes of Corona Disease (COVID-19) since late 2019: A malicious virus, which can have many lessons for the vulnerable world. Within a short time, it crosses global boundaries and enters other spaces affected by economic entanglement and spatial functions.
Ebrahim Romina, Assistant Professor of Political Geography and Geopolitics, Tarbiat Modares University

ÚLTIMAS PUBLICACIONES

Realities of the Tripartite Makkah Pact

SCFR Online – Interview: The signing of the Makkah agreement between Saudi Arabia, Pakistan, and Turkey has raised questions about the future of the region’s security structure and the position of these countries in West Asian equations. Can this agreement become a genuine collective defense mechanism, or does it have more of a political and deterrent function than creating new military capacity?

Strategic Implications of the Reduction of US Weapons Stockpiles

SCFR Online – Opinion: The continuation of the US war against Iran, in addition to increasing operational costs, has called into question the actual capacity of the American arsenal to simultaneously fulfill security commitments on multiple fronts; an issue that affects deterrence, defense production capacity, and Washington’s resource prioritization.

The Formation of a New Order in Relations Between Powers

SCFR Online – Opinion: The Russia-Ukraine war and the war of the United States and the Israeli regime against Iran have been formed with different objectives and actors, but field and political developments indicate that they are not entirely separate from one another.

An Analysis of the Makkah Defense Pact

SCFR Online – Opinion: On Friday, August 7, the heads of state of three countries – Saudi Arabia, Turkey, and Pakistan – signed a text under the title “Makkah Joint Defense Agreement.”

Dimensions and challenges of the initiative to revive the Hejaz Railway

Strategic Council Online – Note: The initiative to revive the Hejaz Railway, beyond being a transportation project, constitutes an attempt to redefine geopolitics, the economy, and Turkey’s regional position; however, its realization appears to face significant financial, security, and institutional challenges.

Loading

Ebrahim Romina

Ecological Outlook and Intra-Regional Interaction in the Persian Gulf

Ecological Outlook and Intra-Regional Interaction in the Persian Gulf

Strategic Council Online: Ecology, in its simplest sense, is the study of the relationship of the living organisms and their environment. In an ecological environment, demographic phenomena, type of nutrition, shape, size and amount, habits and behavior of animals in that environment are influential in its survival or vulnerability. In addition to the complex internal relationship, the extra systemic relationship of any ecological environment is effective in its survival. If the external systemic relations of a specific ecological environment fluctuate with other environments, its vulnerability is certain.

Iran and the probable victory of Biden in US elections

Iran and the probable victory of Biden in US elections

Strategic Council Online—Opinion: The fifty-ninth presidential elections of the United States of American will be held on 03 November 2020 with the main competition being between two old candidates from the two main political parties of the United States. The candidate of the Democratic Party has nearly five decades of experience while the Republican candidate has only four years of political experience. They are now entering the last week of the tense campaign to enter the White House. Any political and geopolitical action of the United States is a phenomenon which has its own special repercussions for the entire world and countries.
Ebrahim Roomina—Member of the academic staff of Tarbiyat Modarres University

Afghanistan and the Space for Geopolitical Actors

Afghanistan and the Space for Geopolitical Actors

Strategic Council Online: In the wake of the Coronavirus crisis that has engulfed the entire world significant developments are underway in Afghanistan engineered by the United States and supported by other world and regional powers which cast doubt on the prospects of restoring stability and security to Afghanistan. The US-led peace agreement with the Taliban will bring Afghanistan into a new phase of geopolitical action that will shape regional and trans-regional forces in relation to Afghanistan’s ethnic, religious and political structure.
Ebrahim Romina – Assistant Professor of Political Geography at Tarbiat Modares University

Corona and the Need for Regional, Global Cooperation

Corona and the Need for Regional, Global Cooperation

Strategic Council Online: The world has been in the throes of Corona Disease (COVID-19) since late 2019: A malicious virus, which can have many lessons for the vulnerable world. Within a short time, it crosses global boundaries and enters other spaces affected by economic entanglement and spatial functions.
Ebrahim Romina, Assistant Professor of Political Geography and Geopolitics, Tarbiat Modares University

ÚLTIMAS PUBLICACIONES

Realities of the Tripartite Makkah Pact

SCFR Online – Interview: The signing of the Makkah agreement between Saudi Arabia, Pakistan, and Turkey has raised questions about the future of the region’s security structure and the position of these countries in West Asian equations. Can this agreement become a genuine collective defense mechanism, or does it have more of a political and deterrent function than creating new military capacity?

Strategic Implications of the Reduction of US Weapons Stockpiles

SCFR Online – Opinion: The continuation of the US war against Iran, in addition to increasing operational costs, has called into question the actual capacity of the American arsenal to simultaneously fulfill security commitments on multiple fronts; an issue that affects deterrence, defense production capacity, and Washington’s resource prioritization.

The Formation of a New Order in Relations Between Powers

SCFR Online – Opinion: The Russia-Ukraine war and the war of the United States and the Israeli regime against Iran have been formed with different objectives and actors, but field and political developments indicate that they are not entirely separate from one another.

An Analysis of the Makkah Defense Pact

SCFR Online – Opinion: On Friday, August 7, the heads of state of three countries – Saudi Arabia, Turkey, and Pakistan – signed a text under the title “Makkah Joint Defense Agreement.”

Dimensions and challenges of the initiative to revive the Hejaz Railway

Strategic Council Online – Note: The initiative to revive the Hejaz Railway, beyond being a transportation project, constitutes an attempt to redefine geopolitics, the economy, and Turkey’s regional position; however, its realization appears to face significant financial, security, and institutional challenges.

Loading

Ebrahim Romina

Ecological Outlook and Intra-Regional Interaction in the Persian Gulf

Ecological Outlook and Intra-Regional Interaction in the Persian Gulf

Strategic Council Online: Ecology, in its simplest sense, is the study of the relationship of the living organisms and their environment. In an ecological environment, demographic phenomena, type of nutrition, shape, size and amount, habits and behavior of animals in that environment are influential in its survival or vulnerability. In addition to the complex internal relationship, the extra systemic relationship of any ecological environment is effective in its survival. If the external systemic relations of a specific ecological environment fluctuate with other environments, its vulnerability is certain.

Iran and the probable victory of Biden in US elections

Iran and the probable victory of Biden in US elections

Strategic Council Online—Opinion: The fifty-ninth presidential elections of the United States of American will be held on 03 November 2020 with the main competition being between two old candidates from the two main political parties of the United States. The candidate of the Democratic Party has nearly five decades of experience while the Republican candidate has only four years of political experience. They are now entering the last week of the tense campaign to enter the White House. Any political and geopolitical action of the United States is a phenomenon which has its own special repercussions for the entire world and countries.
Ebrahim Roomina—Member of the academic staff of Tarbiyat Modarres University

Afghanistan and the Space for Geopolitical Actors

Afghanistan and the Space for Geopolitical Actors

Strategic Council Online: In the wake of the Coronavirus crisis that has engulfed the entire world significant developments are underway in Afghanistan engineered by the United States and supported by other world and regional powers which cast doubt on the prospects of restoring stability and security to Afghanistan. The US-led peace agreement with the Taliban will bring Afghanistan into a new phase of geopolitical action that will shape regional and trans-regional forces in relation to Afghanistan’s ethnic, religious and political structure.
Ebrahim Romina – Assistant Professor of Political Geography at Tarbiat Modares University

Corona and the Need for Regional, Global Cooperation

Corona and the Need for Regional, Global Cooperation

Strategic Council Online: The world has been in the throes of Corona Disease (COVID-19) since late 2019: A malicious virus, which can have many lessons for the vulnerable world. Within a short time, it crosses global boundaries and enters other spaces affected by economic entanglement and spatial functions.
Ebrahim Romina, Assistant Professor of Political Geography and Geopolitics, Tarbiat Modares University

ÚLTIMAS PUBLICACIONES

Realities of the Tripartite Makkah Pact

SCFR Online – Interview: The signing of the Makkah agreement between Saudi Arabia, Pakistan, and Turkey has raised questions about the future of the region’s security structure and the position of these countries in West Asian equations. Can this agreement become a genuine collective defense mechanism, or does it have more of a political and deterrent function than creating new military capacity?

Strategic Implications of the Reduction of US Weapons Stockpiles

SCFR Online – Opinion: The continuation of the US war against Iran, in addition to increasing operational costs, has called into question the actual capacity of the American arsenal to simultaneously fulfill security commitments on multiple fronts; an issue that affects deterrence, defense production capacity, and Washington’s resource prioritization.

The Formation of a New Order in Relations Between Powers

SCFR Online – Opinion: The Russia-Ukraine war and the war of the United States and the Israeli regime against Iran have been formed with different objectives and actors, but field and political developments indicate that they are not entirely separate from one another.

An Analysis of the Makkah Defense Pact

SCFR Online – Opinion: On Friday, August 7, the heads of state of three countries – Saudi Arabia, Turkey, and Pakistan – signed a text under the title “Makkah Joint Defense Agreement.”

Dimensions and challenges of the initiative to revive the Hejaz Railway

Strategic Council Online – Note: The initiative to revive the Hejaz Railway, beyond being a transportation project, constitutes an attempt to redefine geopolitics, the economy, and Turkey’s regional position; however, its realization appears to face significant financial, security, and institutional challenges.

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