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The Makkah Pact Under scrutiny; From the “Deterrence Dilemma” to the “Risk of Disrupting Security”

SCFR Online – Opinion: The Makkah Pact, signed on August 7, 2026, between Saudi Arabia, Turkey, and Pakistan, is more than an answer to geopolitical vacuums; in practice, it faces a “deterrence dilemma” and “differing threat perception.” While this pact symbolizes a transition toward regional self-reliance, its first field tests and the complexities of relations with regional actors will determine its real meaning.

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Iran-China relations

Dr. Kharrazi Meets Delegation from Chinese Think Tanks: Emphasizes the Need for an Action Plan to Implement the Comprehensive Iran–China Cooperation Document

Dr. Kharrazi Meets Delegation from Chinese Think Tanks: Emphasizes the Need for an Action Plan to Implement the Comprehensive Iran–China Cooperation Document

Strategic Council Online: The President of the Strategic Council on Foreign Relations stated, “Despite the signing of the 25-year Comprehensive Cooperation Agreement between Iran and China, a long path remains toward its full implementation. One key point both countries must observe is to move away from a project-based approach and instead adopt a program-oriented relationship by formulating a concrete action plan. This plan should be grounded in Iran’s national spatial planning framework and aligned with the mutual priorities of both nations as outlined in the 25-year Comprehensive Cooperation Document.”

The Persian Gulf Needs New Regional Arrangements

The Persian Gulf Needs New Regional Arrangements

Strategic Council Online: The President of the Strategic Council on Foreign Relations in his speech at the 10th world Peace Forum said that: the countries of the Persian Gulf region are mature enough to overcome their differences, complement each other, and turn their historical rivalries into cooperation by setting up a regional security mechanism.

Impact of US Policies on Iran-China Relations

Strategic Council Online: In view of the US pressures, China is trying to quietly maintain its relationship with Iran, a prominent example of which is the resumption of Iran-China banking relations.
Abdolreza Faraji Rad – University Lecturer

Tehran’s condition to accept European package

Strategic Council Online: President of the Strategic Council on Foreign Relations, Dr Kamal Kharrazi, speaking on the aftermath of the US withdrawal from Iran nuclear deal said that several rounds of negotiations with Europeans have taken place and are still underway. “We hope that the package that the European Union is going to offer to Tehran would guarantee Iran’s rights,” he underlined.

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The Makkah Pact Under scrutiny; From the “Deterrence Dilemma” to the “Risk of Disrupting Security”

SCFR Online – Opinion: The Makkah Pact, signed on August 7, 2026, between Saudi Arabia, Turkey, and Pakistan, is more than an answer to geopolitical vacuums; in practice, it faces a “deterrence dilemma” and “differing threat perception.” While this pact symbolizes a transition toward regional self-reliance, its first field tests and the complexities of relations with regional actors will determine its real meaning.

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Iran-China relations

Dr. Kharrazi Meets Delegation from Chinese Think Tanks: Emphasizes the Need for an Action Plan to Implement the Comprehensive Iran–China Cooperation Document

Dr. Kharrazi Meets Delegation from Chinese Think Tanks: Emphasizes the Need for an Action Plan to Implement the Comprehensive Iran–China Cooperation Document

Strategic Council Online: The President of the Strategic Council on Foreign Relations stated, “Despite the signing of the 25-year Comprehensive Cooperation Agreement between Iran and China, a long path remains toward its full implementation. One key point both countries must observe is to move away from a project-based approach and instead adopt a program-oriented relationship by formulating a concrete action plan. This plan should be grounded in Iran’s national spatial planning framework and aligned with the mutual priorities of both nations as outlined in the 25-year Comprehensive Cooperation Document.”

The Persian Gulf Needs New Regional Arrangements

The Persian Gulf Needs New Regional Arrangements

Strategic Council Online: The President of the Strategic Council on Foreign Relations in his speech at the 10th world Peace Forum said that: the countries of the Persian Gulf region are mature enough to overcome their differences, complement each other, and turn their historical rivalries into cooperation by setting up a regional security mechanism.

Impact of US Policies on Iran-China Relations

Strategic Council Online: In view of the US pressures, China is trying to quietly maintain its relationship with Iran, a prominent example of which is the resumption of Iran-China banking relations.
Abdolreza Faraji Rad – University Lecturer

Tehran’s condition to accept European package

Strategic Council Online: President of the Strategic Council on Foreign Relations, Dr Kamal Kharrazi, speaking on the aftermath of the US withdrawal from Iran nuclear deal said that several rounds of negotiations with Europeans have taken place and are still underway. “We hope that the package that the European Union is going to offer to Tehran would guarantee Iran’s rights,” he underlined.

Iran-China relations

Dr. Kharrazi Meets Delegation from Chinese Think Tanks: Emphasizes the Need for an Action Plan to Implement the Comprehensive Iran–China Cooperation Document

Dr. Kharrazi Meets Delegation from Chinese Think Tanks: Emphasizes the Need for an Action Plan to Implement the Comprehensive Iran–China Cooperation Document

Strategic Council Online: The President of the Strategic Council on Foreign Relations stated, “Despite the signing of the 25-year Comprehensive Cooperation Agreement between Iran and China, a long path remains toward its full implementation. One key point both countries must observe is to move away from a project-based approach and instead adopt a program-oriented relationship by formulating a concrete action plan. This plan should be grounded in Iran’s national spatial planning framework and aligned with the mutual priorities of both nations as outlined in the 25-year Comprehensive Cooperation Document.”

The Persian Gulf Needs New Regional Arrangements

The Persian Gulf Needs New Regional Arrangements

Strategic Council Online: The President of the Strategic Council on Foreign Relations in his speech at the 10th world Peace Forum said that: the countries of the Persian Gulf region are mature enough to overcome their differences, complement each other, and turn their historical rivalries into cooperation by setting up a regional security mechanism.

Impact of US Policies on Iran-China Relations

Strategic Council Online: In view of the US pressures, China is trying to quietly maintain its relationship with Iran, a prominent example of which is the resumption of Iran-China banking relations.
Abdolreza Faraji Rad – University Lecturer

Tehran’s condition to accept European package

Strategic Council Online: President of the Strategic Council on Foreign Relations, Dr Kamal Kharrazi, speaking on the aftermath of the US withdrawal from Iran nuclear deal said that several rounds of negotiations with Europeans have taken place and are still underway. “We hope that the package that the European Union is going to offer to Tehran would guarantee Iran’s rights,” he underlined.

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The Makkah Pact Under scrutiny; From the “Deterrence Dilemma” to the “Risk of Disrupting Security”

SCFR Online – Opinion: The Makkah Pact, signed on August 7, 2026, between Saudi Arabia, Turkey, and Pakistan, is more than an answer to geopolitical vacuums; in practice, it faces a “deterrence dilemma” and “differing threat perception.” While this pact symbolizes a transition toward regional self-reliance, its first field tests and the complexities of relations with regional actors will determine its real meaning.

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Iran-China relations

Dr. Kharrazi Meets Delegation from Chinese Think Tanks: Emphasizes the Need for an Action Plan to Implement the Comprehensive Iran–China Cooperation Document

Dr. Kharrazi Meets Delegation from Chinese Think Tanks: Emphasizes the Need for an Action Plan to Implement the Comprehensive Iran–China Cooperation Document

Strategic Council Online: The President of the Strategic Council on Foreign Relations stated, “Despite the signing of the 25-year Comprehensive Cooperation Agreement between Iran and China, a long path remains toward its full implementation. One key point both countries must observe is to move away from a project-based approach and instead adopt a program-oriented relationship by formulating a concrete action plan. This plan should be grounded in Iran’s national spatial planning framework and aligned with the mutual priorities of both nations as outlined in the 25-year Comprehensive Cooperation Document.”

The Persian Gulf Needs New Regional Arrangements

The Persian Gulf Needs New Regional Arrangements

Strategic Council Online: The President of the Strategic Council on Foreign Relations in his speech at the 10th world Peace Forum said that: the countries of the Persian Gulf region are mature enough to overcome their differences, complement each other, and turn their historical rivalries into cooperation by setting up a regional security mechanism.

Impact of US Policies on Iran-China Relations

Strategic Council Online: In view of the US pressures, China is trying to quietly maintain its relationship with Iran, a prominent example of which is the resumption of Iran-China banking relations.
Abdolreza Faraji Rad – University Lecturer

Tehran’s condition to accept European package

Strategic Council Online: President of the Strategic Council on Foreign Relations, Dr Kamal Kharrazi, speaking on the aftermath of the US withdrawal from Iran nuclear deal said that several rounds of negotiations with Europeans have taken place and are still underway. “We hope that the package that the European Union is going to offer to Tehran would guarantee Iran’s rights,” he underlined.

ÚLTIMAS PUBLICACIONES

The Makkah Pact Under scrutiny; From the “Deterrence Dilemma” to the “Risk of Disrupting Security”

SCFR Online – Opinion: The Makkah Pact, signed on August 7, 2026, between Saudi Arabia, Turkey, and Pakistan, is more than an answer to geopolitical vacuums; in practice, it faces a “deterrence dilemma” and “differing threat perception.” While this pact symbolizes a transition toward regional self-reliance, its first field tests and the complexities of relations with regional actors will determine its real meaning.

Loading

Iran-China relations

Dr. Kharrazi Meets Delegation from Chinese Think Tanks: Emphasizes the Need for an Action Plan to Implement the Comprehensive Iran–China Cooperation Document

Dr. Kharrazi Meets Delegation from Chinese Think Tanks: Emphasizes the Need for an Action Plan to Implement the Comprehensive Iran–China Cooperation Document

Strategic Council Online: The President of the Strategic Council on Foreign Relations stated, “Despite the signing of the 25-year Comprehensive Cooperation Agreement between Iran and China, a long path remains toward its full implementation. One key point both countries must observe is to move away from a project-based approach and instead adopt a program-oriented relationship by formulating a concrete action plan. This plan should be grounded in Iran’s national spatial planning framework and aligned with the mutual priorities of both nations as outlined in the 25-year Comprehensive Cooperation Document.”

The Persian Gulf Needs New Regional Arrangements

The Persian Gulf Needs New Regional Arrangements

Strategic Council Online: The President of the Strategic Council on Foreign Relations in his speech at the 10th world Peace Forum said that: the countries of the Persian Gulf region are mature enough to overcome their differences, complement each other, and turn their historical rivalries into cooperation by setting up a regional security mechanism.

Impact of US Policies on Iran-China Relations

Strategic Council Online: In view of the US pressures, China is trying to quietly maintain its relationship with Iran, a prominent example of which is the resumption of Iran-China banking relations.
Abdolreza Faraji Rad – University Lecturer

Tehran’s condition to accept European package

Strategic Council Online: President of the Strategic Council on Foreign Relations, Dr Kamal Kharrazi, speaking on the aftermath of the US withdrawal from Iran nuclear deal said that several rounds of negotiations with Europeans have taken place and are still underway. “We hope that the package that the European Union is going to offer to Tehran would guarantee Iran’s rights,” he underlined.

ÚLTIMAS PUBLICACIONES

The Makkah Pact Under scrutiny; From the “Deterrence Dilemma” to the “Risk of Disrupting Security”

SCFR Online – Opinion: The Makkah Pact, signed on August 7, 2026, between Saudi Arabia, Turkey, and Pakistan, is more than an answer to geopolitical vacuums; in practice, it faces a “deterrence dilemma” and “differing threat perception.” While this pact symbolizes a transition toward regional self-reliance, its first field tests and the complexities of relations with regional actors will determine its real meaning.

Loading

Iran-China relations

Dr. Kharrazi Meets Delegation from Chinese Think Tanks: Emphasizes the Need for an Action Plan to Implement the Comprehensive Iran–China Cooperation Document

Dr. Kharrazi Meets Delegation from Chinese Think Tanks: Emphasizes the Need for an Action Plan to Implement the Comprehensive Iran–China Cooperation Document

Strategic Council Online: The President of the Strategic Council on Foreign Relations stated, “Despite the signing of the 25-year Comprehensive Cooperation Agreement between Iran and China, a long path remains toward its full implementation. One key point both countries must observe is to move away from a project-based approach and instead adopt a program-oriented relationship by formulating a concrete action plan. This plan should be grounded in Iran’s national spatial planning framework and aligned with the mutual priorities of both nations as outlined in the 25-year Comprehensive Cooperation Document.”

The Persian Gulf Needs New Regional Arrangements

The Persian Gulf Needs New Regional Arrangements

Strategic Council Online: The President of the Strategic Council on Foreign Relations in his speech at the 10th world Peace Forum said that: the countries of the Persian Gulf region are mature enough to overcome their differences, complement each other, and turn their historical rivalries into cooperation by setting up a regional security mechanism.

Impact of US Policies on Iran-China Relations

Strategic Council Online: In view of the US pressures, China is trying to quietly maintain its relationship with Iran, a prominent example of which is the resumption of Iran-China banking relations.
Abdolreza Faraji Rad – University Lecturer

Tehran’s condition to accept European package

Strategic Council Online: President of the Strategic Council on Foreign Relations, Dr Kamal Kharrazi, speaking on the aftermath of the US withdrawal from Iran nuclear deal said that several rounds of negotiations with Europeans have taken place and are still underway. “We hope that the package that the European Union is going to offer to Tehran would guarantee Iran’s rights,” he underlined.

ÚLTIMAS PUBLICACIONES

The Makkah Pact Under scrutiny; From the “Deterrence Dilemma” to the “Risk of Disrupting Security”

SCFR Online – Opinion: The Makkah Pact, signed on August 7, 2026, between Saudi Arabia, Turkey, and Pakistan, is more than an answer to geopolitical vacuums; in practice, it faces a “deterrence dilemma” and “differing threat perception.” While this pact symbolizes a transition toward regional self-reliance, its first field tests and the complexities of relations with regional actors will determine its real meaning.

Loading

Iran-China relations

Dr. Kharrazi Meets Delegation from Chinese Think Tanks: Emphasizes the Need for an Action Plan to Implement the Comprehensive Iran–China Cooperation Document

Dr. Kharrazi Meets Delegation from Chinese Think Tanks: Emphasizes the Need for an Action Plan to Implement the Comprehensive Iran–China Cooperation Document

Strategic Council Online: The President of the Strategic Council on Foreign Relations stated, “Despite the signing of the 25-year Comprehensive Cooperation Agreement between Iran and China, a long path remains toward its full implementation. One key point both countries must observe is to move away from a project-based approach and instead adopt a program-oriented relationship by formulating a concrete action plan. This plan should be grounded in Iran’s national spatial planning framework and aligned with the mutual priorities of both nations as outlined in the 25-year Comprehensive Cooperation Document.”

The Persian Gulf Needs New Regional Arrangements

The Persian Gulf Needs New Regional Arrangements

Strategic Council Online: The President of the Strategic Council on Foreign Relations in his speech at the 10th world Peace Forum said that: the countries of the Persian Gulf region are mature enough to overcome their differences, complement each other, and turn their historical rivalries into cooperation by setting up a regional security mechanism.

Impact of US Policies on Iran-China Relations

Strategic Council Online: In view of the US pressures, China is trying to quietly maintain its relationship with Iran, a prominent example of which is the resumption of Iran-China banking relations.
Abdolreza Faraji Rad – University Lecturer

Tehran’s condition to accept European package

Strategic Council Online: President of the Strategic Council on Foreign Relations, Dr Kamal Kharrazi, speaking on the aftermath of the US withdrawal from Iran nuclear deal said that several rounds of negotiations with Europeans have taken place and are still underway. “We hope that the package that the European Union is going to offer to Tehran would guarantee Iran’s rights,” he underlined.

ÚLTIMAS PUBLICACIONES

The Makkah Pact Under scrutiny; From the “Deterrence Dilemma” to the “Risk of Disrupting Security”

SCFR Online – Opinion: The Makkah Pact, signed on August 7, 2026, between Saudi Arabia, Turkey, and Pakistan, is more than an answer to geopolitical vacuums; in practice, it faces a “deterrence dilemma” and “differing threat perception.” While this pact symbolizes a transition toward regional self-reliance, its first field tests and the complexities of relations with regional actors will determine its real meaning.

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