An Analysis of the Makkah Defense Pact
SCFR Online – Opinion: On Friday, August 7, the heads of state of three countries – Saudi Arabia, Turkey, and Pakistan – signed a text under the title “Makkah Joint Defense Agreement.”
SCFR Online – Opinion: On Friday, August 7, the heads of state of three countries – Saudi Arabia, Turkey, and Pakistan – signed a text under the title “Makkah Joint Defense Agreement.”
Strategic Council Online – Note: The initiative to revive the Hejaz Railway, beyond being a transportation project, constitutes an attempt to redefine geopolitics, the economy, and Turkey’s regional position; however, its realization appears to face significant financial, security, and institutional challenges.
SCFR Online – Opinion: The Strait of Hormuz crisis is no longer merely the consequence of a military confrontation, but rather a sign of the transition from the US-centered maritime order to a new energy security structure involving the participation of emerging and influential powers.
SCFR Online – Opinion: Iran’s active deterrence strategy, while increasing the costs of US intervention, has increasingly exposed the hidden rifts between Washington’s interests and those of the Israeli regime.
SCFR Online – Opinion: The escalation of verbal and strategic tensions between Turkey and the Israeli regime, although not increasing the likelihood of direct war, indicates the formation of a new order in West Asian geopolitical rivalries.
Strategic Council Online – Note: Recent developments in the political geography of West Asia, from rising tensions in the Persian Gulf to missile and drone activities in the Red Sea and the recent warning by Kaja Kallas, the European Union’s foreign policy chief, regarding the threat to freedom of navigation, indicate a key pattern shift; the US-Iran war has moved beyond the scope of a regional and local confrontation and has linked two vital passageways for the global economy: the Strait of Hormuz and the Bab el-Mandeb Strait.
SCFR Online – Opinion: The Ukraine war was not merely a European crisis, but rather the starting point for the rearrangement of the global balance of power and a shift in the strategic behavior of great powers.
SCFR Online – Opinion: Great power competition is now pursued more in trade, currency, technology, and global supply chains than on the battlefields of military confrontation.
Strategic Council Online – North Korea is among the main issues included in the US foreign policy agenda in recent decades.
Mohammad Javad Ghahremani – PhD in international relations, University of Tehran
Strategic Council Online – The puzzles of strategic rivalry between China and the United States seem to be arranged rapidly, and the world should expect a new rivalry between Washington and Beijing as it did during the Cold War, and at the same time as the United States and the Soviet Union affected the whole world, the rivalry between the United States and China could affect the interests and security of many countries.
Tahmoures Gholami – Expert on US affairs
Strategic Council Online – A faculty member of the Center for Strategic Studies, referring to the threats mentioned in the interim national security document of the Biden administration, said: This document emphasizes the competition between the great powers and the threat of changing the distribution of power in the international system and in the US foreign policy, unlike in the past, terrorism and extremism are no longer the primary threat to the US national security.
Strategic Council Online-Editorial: The interference of the White House in the domestic affairs of Russia during the past one month concerning the Alexi Navalny issue indicated that the Biden administration is profiting from the tools of democracy and human rights for its own interest in order to obtain maximal interests in the global order. And this is an issue which can cause more frictions in the relations between the United States and Russia as Russia believes that the West presents a two-direction and conflicting definition of concrete concepts such as freedom, human rights and democracy.
Dr. Ahmad Vakhishteh, professor of the International Relations Faculty of the National Eurasia University
Strategic Council Online – National governments and international institutions such as the United Nations and the European Union impose economic sanctions with an aim of forcing, deterring, punishing or discrediting entities that jeopardize their interests or violate the so-called international norms. In fact, the philosophy of the existence of sanctions is a tool for the punishment and consequently forcing the target country to change its behavior. Sanctions are generally seen as a low-cost, low-risk route, and in fact as a course between diplomacy and war.
Peyman Hassani – Researcher at the Office of Economic Diplomacy Studies, Imam Sadegh (AS) University
Strategic Council Online –An expert on international affairs referred to the reciprocal sanctions between Russia and the European Union and said: In addition to the Crimea issue, espionage and anti-espionage activities have prevented Europe from approaching Russia, although Russia was trying to improve its relations with Europe but was not successful and still the relations are faced with serious challenges.
Strategic Council Online – An analyst at the Center for Strategic Studies of President’s Office described confusion and disturbance as the hallmarks of the Trump administration’s foreign policy, saying his term in the area of foreign policy was a complete failure for the United States.
Strategic Council Online – A university professor, referring to the cold relations between Pakistan and Arab countries in the Persian Gulf, said: Imran Khan’s government is trying to develop its relations with countries in the region and play an active role in de-escalating some of the tensions, but politicians of that country should be capable of balancing their relations with important countries.
Strategic Council Online—Opinion: The United States believes that the power of Russia’s influence in Europe would be multiplied when the Nord Stream 2 gas pipeline goes on stream and European countries would become more dependant on cheap gas coming from Russia.
Mahmoud Fazeli—Expert of European affairs
Strategic Council Online – Biden believes in the threats that Trump has made to US interests and national security over the past four years, such as threats to Iran, China, North Korea, or the threat posed by terrorism, but believes that the approach to face such threats is multilateral. That is to say, he will try again to revive transatlantic relations, including relations with Europe, whether, within the NATO, the European Union or bilateral relations, and also will advance the issue of Iran and Joint Comprehensive Plan of Action (JCPOA) within the framework of the same JCPOA mechanism.
Tahmoures Gholami – Expert on American Affairs
SCFR Online – Opinion: On Friday, August 7, the heads of state of three countries – Saudi Arabia, Turkey, and Pakistan – signed a text under the title “Makkah Joint Defense Agreement.”
Strategic Council Online – Note: The initiative to revive the Hejaz Railway, beyond being a transportation project, constitutes an attempt to redefine geopolitics, the economy, and Turkey’s regional position; however, its realization appears to face significant financial, security, and institutional challenges.
SCFR Online – Opinion: The Strait of Hormuz crisis is no longer merely the consequence of a military confrontation, but rather a sign of the transition from the US-centered maritime order to a new energy security structure involving the participation of emerging and influential powers.
SCFR Online – Opinion: Iran’s active deterrence strategy, while increasing the costs of US intervention, has increasingly exposed the hidden rifts between Washington’s interests and those of the Israeli regime.
SCFR Online – Opinion: The escalation of verbal and strategic tensions between Turkey and the Israeli regime, although not increasing the likelihood of direct war, indicates the formation of a new order in West Asian geopolitical rivalries.
Strategic Council Online – Note: Recent developments in the political geography of West Asia, from rising tensions in the Persian Gulf to missile and drone activities in the Red Sea and the recent warning by Kaja Kallas, the European Union’s foreign policy chief, regarding the threat to freedom of navigation, indicate a key pattern shift; the US-Iran war has moved beyond the scope of a regional and local confrontation and has linked two vital passageways for the global economy: the Strait of Hormuz and the Bab el-Mandeb Strait.
SCFR Online – Opinion: The Ukraine war was not merely a European crisis, but rather the starting point for the rearrangement of the global balance of power and a shift in the strategic behavior of great powers.
SCFR Online – Opinion: Great power competition is now pursued more in trade, currency, technology, and global supply chains than on the battlefields of military confrontation.
Strategic Council Online – North Korea is among the main issues included in the US foreign policy agenda in recent decades.
Mohammad Javad Ghahremani – PhD in international relations, University of Tehran
Strategic Council Online – The puzzles of strategic rivalry between China and the United States seem to be arranged rapidly, and the world should expect a new rivalry between Washington and Beijing as it did during the Cold War, and at the same time as the United States and the Soviet Union affected the whole world, the rivalry between the United States and China could affect the interests and security of many countries.
Tahmoures Gholami – Expert on US affairs
Strategic Council Online – A faculty member of the Center for Strategic Studies, referring to the threats mentioned in the interim national security document of the Biden administration, said: This document emphasizes the competition between the great powers and the threat of changing the distribution of power in the international system and in the US foreign policy, unlike in the past, terrorism and extremism are no longer the primary threat to the US national security.
Strategic Council Online-Editorial: The interference of the White House in the domestic affairs of Russia during the past one month concerning the Alexi Navalny issue indicated that the Biden administration is profiting from the tools of democracy and human rights for its own interest in order to obtain maximal interests in the global order. And this is an issue which can cause more frictions in the relations between the United States and Russia as Russia believes that the West presents a two-direction and conflicting definition of concrete concepts such as freedom, human rights and democracy.
Dr. Ahmad Vakhishteh, professor of the International Relations Faculty of the National Eurasia University
Strategic Council Online – National governments and international institutions such as the United Nations and the European Union impose economic sanctions with an aim of forcing, deterring, punishing or discrediting entities that jeopardize their interests or violate the so-called international norms. In fact, the philosophy of the existence of sanctions is a tool for the punishment and consequently forcing the target country to change its behavior. Sanctions are generally seen as a low-cost, low-risk route, and in fact as a course between diplomacy and war.
Peyman Hassani – Researcher at the Office of Economic Diplomacy Studies, Imam Sadegh (AS) University
Strategic Council Online –An expert on international affairs referred to the reciprocal sanctions between Russia and the European Union and said: In addition to the Crimea issue, espionage and anti-espionage activities have prevented Europe from approaching Russia, although Russia was trying to improve its relations with Europe but was not successful and still the relations are faced with serious challenges.
Strategic Council Online – An analyst at the Center for Strategic Studies of President’s Office described confusion and disturbance as the hallmarks of the Trump administration’s foreign policy, saying his term in the area of foreign policy was a complete failure for the United States.
Strategic Council Online – A university professor, referring to the cold relations between Pakistan and Arab countries in the Persian Gulf, said: Imran Khan’s government is trying to develop its relations with countries in the region and play an active role in de-escalating some of the tensions, but politicians of that country should be capable of balancing their relations with important countries.
Strategic Council Online—Opinion: The United States believes that the power of Russia’s influence in Europe would be multiplied when the Nord Stream 2 gas pipeline goes on stream and European countries would become more dependant on cheap gas coming from Russia.
Mahmoud Fazeli—Expert of European affairs
Strategic Council Online – Biden believes in the threats that Trump has made to US interests and national security over the past four years, such as threats to Iran, China, North Korea, or the threat posed by terrorism, but believes that the approach to face such threats is multilateral. That is to say, he will try again to revive transatlantic relations, including relations with Europe, whether, within the NATO, the European Union or bilateral relations, and also will advance the issue of Iran and Joint Comprehensive Plan of Action (JCPOA) within the framework of the same JCPOA mechanism.
Tahmoures Gholami – Expert on American Affairs
Strategic Council Online – North Korea is among the main issues included in the US foreign policy agenda in recent decades.
Mohammad Javad Ghahremani – PhD in international relations, University of Tehran
Strategic Council Online – The puzzles of strategic rivalry between China and the United States seem to be arranged rapidly, and the world should expect a new rivalry between Washington and Beijing as it did during the Cold War, and at the same time as the United States and the Soviet Union affected the whole world, the rivalry between the United States and China could affect the interests and security of many countries.
Tahmoures Gholami – Expert on US affairs
Strategic Council Online – A faculty member of the Center for Strategic Studies, referring to the threats mentioned in the interim national security document of the Biden administration, said: This document emphasizes the competition between the great powers and the threat of changing the distribution of power in the international system and in the US foreign policy, unlike in the past, terrorism and extremism are no longer the primary threat to the US national security.
Strategic Council Online-Editorial: The interference of the White House in the domestic affairs of Russia during the past one month concerning the Alexi Navalny issue indicated that the Biden administration is profiting from the tools of democracy and human rights for its own interest in order to obtain maximal interests in the global order. And this is an issue which can cause more frictions in the relations between the United States and Russia as Russia believes that the West presents a two-direction and conflicting definition of concrete concepts such as freedom, human rights and democracy.
Dr. Ahmad Vakhishteh, professor of the International Relations Faculty of the National Eurasia University
Strategic Council Online – National governments and international institutions such as the United Nations and the European Union impose economic sanctions with an aim of forcing, deterring, punishing or discrediting entities that jeopardize their interests or violate the so-called international norms. In fact, the philosophy of the existence of sanctions is a tool for the punishment and consequently forcing the target country to change its behavior. Sanctions are generally seen as a low-cost, low-risk route, and in fact as a course between diplomacy and war.
Peyman Hassani – Researcher at the Office of Economic Diplomacy Studies, Imam Sadegh (AS) University
Strategic Council Online –An expert on international affairs referred to the reciprocal sanctions between Russia and the European Union and said: In addition to the Crimea issue, espionage and anti-espionage activities have prevented Europe from approaching Russia, although Russia was trying to improve its relations with Europe but was not successful and still the relations are faced with serious challenges.
Strategic Council Online – An analyst at the Center for Strategic Studies of President’s Office described confusion and disturbance as the hallmarks of the Trump administration’s foreign policy, saying his term in the area of foreign policy was a complete failure for the United States.
Strategic Council Online – A university professor, referring to the cold relations between Pakistan and Arab countries in the Persian Gulf, said: Imran Khan’s government is trying to develop its relations with countries in the region and play an active role in de-escalating some of the tensions, but politicians of that country should be capable of balancing their relations with important countries.
Strategic Council Online—Opinion: The United States believes that the power of Russia’s influence in Europe would be multiplied when the Nord Stream 2 gas pipeline goes on stream and European countries would become more dependant on cheap gas coming from Russia.
Mahmoud Fazeli—Expert of European affairs
Strategic Council Online – Biden believes in the threats that Trump has made to US interests and national security over the past four years, such as threats to Iran, China, North Korea, or the threat posed by terrorism, but believes that the approach to face such threats is multilateral. That is to say, he will try again to revive transatlantic relations, including relations with Europe, whether, within the NATO, the European Union or bilateral relations, and also will advance the issue of Iran and Joint Comprehensive Plan of Action (JCPOA) within the framework of the same JCPOA mechanism.
Tahmoures Gholami – Expert on American Affairs
SCFR Online – Opinion: On Friday, August 7, the heads of state of three countries – Saudi Arabia, Turkey, and Pakistan – signed a text under the title “Makkah Joint Defense Agreement.”
Strategic Council Online – Note: The initiative to revive the Hejaz Railway, beyond being a transportation project, constitutes an attempt to redefine geopolitics, the economy, and Turkey’s regional position; however, its realization appears to face significant financial, security, and institutional challenges.
SCFR Online – Opinion: The Strait of Hormuz crisis is no longer merely the consequence of a military confrontation, but rather a sign of the transition from the US-centered maritime order to a new energy security structure involving the participation of emerging and influential powers.
SCFR Online – Opinion: Iran’s active deterrence strategy, while increasing the costs of US intervention, has increasingly exposed the hidden rifts between Washington’s interests and those of the Israeli regime.
SCFR Online – Opinion: The escalation of verbal and strategic tensions between Turkey and the Israeli regime, although not increasing the likelihood of direct war, indicates the formation of a new order in West Asian geopolitical rivalries.
Strategic Council Online – Note: Recent developments in the political geography of West Asia, from rising tensions in the Persian Gulf to missile and drone activities in the Red Sea and the recent warning by Kaja Kallas, the European Union’s foreign policy chief, regarding the threat to freedom of navigation, indicate a key pattern shift; the US-Iran war has moved beyond the scope of a regional and local confrontation and has linked two vital passageways for the global economy: the Strait of Hormuz and the Bab el-Mandeb Strait.
SCFR Online – Opinion: The Ukraine war was not merely a European crisis, but rather the starting point for the rearrangement of the global balance of power and a shift in the strategic behavior of great powers.
SCFR Online – Opinion: Great power competition is now pursued more in trade, currency, technology, and global supply chains than on the battlefields of military confrontation.
Strategic Council Online – North Korea is among the main issues included in the US foreign policy agenda in recent decades.
Mohammad Javad Ghahremani – PhD in international relations, University of Tehran
Strategic Council Online – The puzzles of strategic rivalry between China and the United States seem to be arranged rapidly, and the world should expect a new rivalry between Washington and Beijing as it did during the Cold War, and at the same time as the United States and the Soviet Union affected the whole world, the rivalry between the United States and China could affect the interests and security of many countries.
Tahmoures Gholami – Expert on US affairs
Strategic Council Online – A faculty member of the Center for Strategic Studies, referring to the threats mentioned in the interim national security document of the Biden administration, said: This document emphasizes the competition between the great powers and the threat of changing the distribution of power in the international system and in the US foreign policy, unlike in the past, terrorism and extremism are no longer the primary threat to the US national security.
Strategic Council Online-Editorial: The interference of the White House in the domestic affairs of Russia during the past one month concerning the Alexi Navalny issue indicated that the Biden administration is profiting from the tools of democracy and human rights for its own interest in order to obtain maximal interests in the global order. And this is an issue which can cause more frictions in the relations between the United States and Russia as Russia believes that the West presents a two-direction and conflicting definition of concrete concepts such as freedom, human rights and democracy.
Dr. Ahmad Vakhishteh, professor of the International Relations Faculty of the National Eurasia University
Strategic Council Online – National governments and international institutions such as the United Nations and the European Union impose economic sanctions with an aim of forcing, deterring, punishing or discrediting entities that jeopardize their interests or violate the so-called international norms. In fact, the philosophy of the existence of sanctions is a tool for the punishment and consequently forcing the target country to change its behavior. Sanctions are generally seen as a low-cost, low-risk route, and in fact as a course between diplomacy and war.
Peyman Hassani – Researcher at the Office of Economic Diplomacy Studies, Imam Sadegh (AS) University
Strategic Council Online –An expert on international affairs referred to the reciprocal sanctions between Russia and the European Union and said: In addition to the Crimea issue, espionage and anti-espionage activities have prevented Europe from approaching Russia, although Russia was trying to improve its relations with Europe but was not successful and still the relations are faced with serious challenges.
Strategic Council Online – An analyst at the Center for Strategic Studies of President’s Office described confusion and disturbance as the hallmarks of the Trump administration’s foreign policy, saying his term in the area of foreign policy was a complete failure for the United States.
Strategic Council Online – A university professor, referring to the cold relations between Pakistan and Arab countries in the Persian Gulf, said: Imran Khan’s government is trying to develop its relations with countries in the region and play an active role in de-escalating some of the tensions, but politicians of that country should be capable of balancing their relations with important countries.
Strategic Council Online—Opinion: The United States believes that the power of Russia’s influence in Europe would be multiplied when the Nord Stream 2 gas pipeline goes on stream and European countries would become more dependant on cheap gas coming from Russia.
Mahmoud Fazeli—Expert of European affairs
Strategic Council Online – Biden believes in the threats that Trump has made to US interests and national security over the past four years, such as threats to Iran, China, North Korea, or the threat posed by terrorism, but believes that the approach to face such threats is multilateral. That is to say, he will try again to revive transatlantic relations, including relations with Europe, whether, within the NATO, the European Union or bilateral relations, and also will advance the issue of Iran and Joint Comprehensive Plan of Action (JCPOA) within the framework of the same JCPOA mechanism.
Tahmoures Gholami – Expert on American Affairs
SCFR Online – Opinion: On Friday, August 7, the heads of state of three countries – Saudi Arabia, Turkey, and Pakistan – signed a text under the title “Makkah Joint Defense Agreement.”
Strategic Council Online – Note: The initiative to revive the Hejaz Railway, beyond being a transportation project, constitutes an attempt to redefine geopolitics, the economy, and Turkey’s regional position; however, its realization appears to face significant financial, security, and institutional challenges.
SCFR Online – Opinion: The Strait of Hormuz crisis is no longer merely the consequence of a military confrontation, but rather a sign of the transition from the US-centered maritime order to a new energy security structure involving the participation of emerging and influential powers.
SCFR Online – Opinion: Iran’s active deterrence strategy, while increasing the costs of US intervention, has increasingly exposed the hidden rifts between Washington’s interests and those of the Israeli regime.
SCFR Online – Opinion: The escalation of verbal and strategic tensions between Turkey and the Israeli regime, although not increasing the likelihood of direct war, indicates the formation of a new order in West Asian geopolitical rivalries.
Strategic Council Online – Note: Recent developments in the political geography of West Asia, from rising tensions in the Persian Gulf to missile and drone activities in the Red Sea and the recent warning by Kaja Kallas, the European Union’s foreign policy chief, regarding the threat to freedom of navigation, indicate a key pattern shift; the US-Iran war has moved beyond the scope of a regional and local confrontation and has linked two vital passageways for the global economy: the Strait of Hormuz and the Bab el-Mandeb Strait.
SCFR Online – Opinion: The Ukraine war was not merely a European crisis, but rather the starting point for the rearrangement of the global balance of power and a shift in the strategic behavior of great powers.
SCFR Online – Opinion: Great power competition is now pursued more in trade, currency, technology, and global supply chains than on the battlefields of military confrontation.
Strategic Council Online – North Korea is among the main issues included in the US foreign policy agenda in recent decades.
Mohammad Javad Ghahremani – PhD in international relations, University of Tehran
Strategic Council Online – The puzzles of strategic rivalry between China and the United States seem to be arranged rapidly, and the world should expect a new rivalry between Washington and Beijing as it did during the Cold War, and at the same time as the United States and the Soviet Union affected the whole world, the rivalry between the United States and China could affect the interests and security of many countries.
Tahmoures Gholami – Expert on US affairs
Strategic Council Online – A faculty member of the Center for Strategic Studies, referring to the threats mentioned in the interim national security document of the Biden administration, said: This document emphasizes the competition between the great powers and the threat of changing the distribution of power in the international system and in the US foreign policy, unlike in the past, terrorism and extremism are no longer the primary threat to the US national security.
Strategic Council Online-Editorial: The interference of the White House in the domestic affairs of Russia during the past one month concerning the Alexi Navalny issue indicated that the Biden administration is profiting from the tools of democracy and human rights for its own interest in order to obtain maximal interests in the global order. And this is an issue which can cause more frictions in the relations between the United States and Russia as Russia believes that the West presents a two-direction and conflicting definition of concrete concepts such as freedom, human rights and democracy.
Dr. Ahmad Vakhishteh, professor of the International Relations Faculty of the National Eurasia University
Strategic Council Online – National governments and international institutions such as the United Nations and the European Union impose economic sanctions with an aim of forcing, deterring, punishing or discrediting entities that jeopardize their interests or violate the so-called international norms. In fact, the philosophy of the existence of sanctions is a tool for the punishment and consequently forcing the target country to change its behavior. Sanctions are generally seen as a low-cost, low-risk route, and in fact as a course between diplomacy and war.
Peyman Hassani – Researcher at the Office of Economic Diplomacy Studies, Imam Sadegh (AS) University
Strategic Council Online –An expert on international affairs referred to the reciprocal sanctions between Russia and the European Union and said: In addition to the Crimea issue, espionage and anti-espionage activities have prevented Europe from approaching Russia, although Russia was trying to improve its relations with Europe but was not successful and still the relations are faced with serious challenges.
Strategic Council Online – An analyst at the Center for Strategic Studies of President’s Office described confusion and disturbance as the hallmarks of the Trump administration’s foreign policy, saying his term in the area of foreign policy was a complete failure for the United States.
Strategic Council Online – A university professor, referring to the cold relations between Pakistan and Arab countries in the Persian Gulf, said: Imran Khan’s government is trying to develop its relations with countries in the region and play an active role in de-escalating some of the tensions, but politicians of that country should be capable of balancing their relations with important countries.
Strategic Council Online—Opinion: The United States believes that the power of Russia’s influence in Europe would be multiplied when the Nord Stream 2 gas pipeline goes on stream and European countries would become more dependant on cheap gas coming from Russia.
Mahmoud Fazeli—Expert of European affairs
Strategic Council Online – Biden believes in the threats that Trump has made to US interests and national security over the past four years, such as threats to Iran, China, North Korea, or the threat posed by terrorism, but believes that the approach to face such threats is multilateral. That is to say, he will try again to revive transatlantic relations, including relations with Europe, whether, within the NATO, the European Union or bilateral relations, and also will advance the issue of Iran and Joint Comprehensive Plan of Action (JCPOA) within the framework of the same JCPOA mechanism.
Tahmoures Gholami – Expert on American Affairs
SCFR Online – Opinion: On Friday, August 7, the heads of state of three countries – Saudi Arabia, Turkey, and Pakistan – signed a text under the title “Makkah Joint Defense Agreement.”
Strategic Council Online – Note: The initiative to revive the Hejaz Railway, beyond being a transportation project, constitutes an attempt to redefine geopolitics, the economy, and Turkey’s regional position; however, its realization appears to face significant financial, security, and institutional challenges.
SCFR Online – Opinion: The Strait of Hormuz crisis is no longer merely the consequence of a military confrontation, but rather a sign of the transition from the US-centered maritime order to a new energy security structure involving the participation of emerging and influential powers.
SCFR Online – Opinion: Iran’s active deterrence strategy, while increasing the costs of US intervention, has increasingly exposed the hidden rifts between Washington’s interests and those of the Israeli regime.
SCFR Online – Opinion: The escalation of verbal and strategic tensions between Turkey and the Israeli regime, although not increasing the likelihood of direct war, indicates the formation of a new order in West Asian geopolitical rivalries.
Strategic Council Online – Note: Recent developments in the political geography of West Asia, from rising tensions in the Persian Gulf to missile and drone activities in the Red Sea and the recent warning by Kaja Kallas, the European Union’s foreign policy chief, regarding the threat to freedom of navigation, indicate a key pattern shift; the US-Iran war has moved beyond the scope of a regional and local confrontation and has linked two vital passageways for the global economy: the Strait of Hormuz and the Bab el-Mandeb Strait.
SCFR Online – Opinion: The Ukraine war was not merely a European crisis, but rather the starting point for the rearrangement of the global balance of power and a shift in the strategic behavior of great powers.
SCFR Online – Opinion: Great power competition is now pursued more in trade, currency, technology, and global supply chains than on the battlefields of military confrontation.
Strategic Council Online – North Korea is among the main issues included in the US foreign policy agenda in recent decades.
Mohammad Javad Ghahremani – PhD in international relations, University of Tehran
Strategic Council Online – The puzzles of strategic rivalry between China and the United States seem to be arranged rapidly, and the world should expect a new rivalry between Washington and Beijing as it did during the Cold War, and at the same time as the United States and the Soviet Union affected the whole world, the rivalry between the United States and China could affect the interests and security of many countries.
Tahmoures Gholami – Expert on US affairs
Strategic Council Online – A faculty member of the Center for Strategic Studies, referring to the threats mentioned in the interim national security document of the Biden administration, said: This document emphasizes the competition between the great powers and the threat of changing the distribution of power in the international system and in the US foreign policy, unlike in the past, terrorism and extremism are no longer the primary threat to the US national security.
Strategic Council Online-Editorial: The interference of the White House in the domestic affairs of Russia during the past one month concerning the Alexi Navalny issue indicated that the Biden administration is profiting from the tools of democracy and human rights for its own interest in order to obtain maximal interests in the global order. And this is an issue which can cause more frictions in the relations between the United States and Russia as Russia believes that the West presents a two-direction and conflicting definition of concrete concepts such as freedom, human rights and democracy.
Dr. Ahmad Vakhishteh, professor of the International Relations Faculty of the National Eurasia University
Strategic Council Online – National governments and international institutions such as the United Nations and the European Union impose economic sanctions with an aim of forcing, deterring, punishing or discrediting entities that jeopardize their interests or violate the so-called international norms. In fact, the philosophy of the existence of sanctions is a tool for the punishment and consequently forcing the target country to change its behavior. Sanctions are generally seen as a low-cost, low-risk route, and in fact as a course between diplomacy and war.
Peyman Hassani – Researcher at the Office of Economic Diplomacy Studies, Imam Sadegh (AS) University
Strategic Council Online –An expert on international affairs referred to the reciprocal sanctions between Russia and the European Union and said: In addition to the Crimea issue, espionage and anti-espionage activities have prevented Europe from approaching Russia, although Russia was trying to improve its relations with Europe but was not successful and still the relations are faced with serious challenges.
Strategic Council Online – An analyst at the Center for Strategic Studies of President’s Office described confusion and disturbance as the hallmarks of the Trump administration’s foreign policy, saying his term in the area of foreign policy was a complete failure for the United States.
Strategic Council Online – A university professor, referring to the cold relations between Pakistan and Arab countries in the Persian Gulf, said: Imran Khan’s government is trying to develop its relations with countries in the region and play an active role in de-escalating some of the tensions, but politicians of that country should be capable of balancing their relations with important countries.
Strategic Council Online—Opinion: The United States believes that the power of Russia’s influence in Europe would be multiplied when the Nord Stream 2 gas pipeline goes on stream and European countries would become more dependant on cheap gas coming from Russia.
Mahmoud Fazeli—Expert of European affairs
Strategic Council Online – Biden believes in the threats that Trump has made to US interests and national security over the past four years, such as threats to Iran, China, North Korea, or the threat posed by terrorism, but believes that the approach to face such threats is multilateral. That is to say, he will try again to revive transatlantic relations, including relations with Europe, whether, within the NATO, the European Union or bilateral relations, and also will advance the issue of Iran and Joint Comprehensive Plan of Action (JCPOA) within the framework of the same JCPOA mechanism.
Tahmoures Gholami – Expert on American Affairs
SCFR Online – Opinion: On Friday, August 7, the heads of state of three countries – Saudi Arabia, Turkey, and Pakistan – signed a text under the title “Makkah Joint Defense Agreement.”
Strategic Council Online – Note: The initiative to revive the Hejaz Railway, beyond being a transportation project, constitutes an attempt to redefine geopolitics, the economy, and Turkey’s regional position; however, its realization appears to face significant financial, security, and institutional challenges.
SCFR Online – Opinion: The Strait of Hormuz crisis is no longer merely the consequence of a military confrontation, but rather a sign of the transition from the US-centered maritime order to a new energy security structure involving the participation of emerging and influential powers.
SCFR Online – Opinion: Iran’s active deterrence strategy, while increasing the costs of US intervention, has increasingly exposed the hidden rifts between Washington’s interests and those of the Israeli regime.
SCFR Online – Opinion: The escalation of verbal and strategic tensions between Turkey and the Israeli regime, although not increasing the likelihood of direct war, indicates the formation of a new order in West Asian geopolitical rivalries.
Strategic Council Online – Note: Recent developments in the political geography of West Asia, from rising tensions in the Persian Gulf to missile and drone activities in the Red Sea and the recent warning by Kaja Kallas, the European Union’s foreign policy chief, regarding the threat to freedom of navigation, indicate a key pattern shift; the US-Iran war has moved beyond the scope of a regional and local confrontation and has linked two vital passageways for the global economy: the Strait of Hormuz and the Bab el-Mandeb Strait.
SCFR Online – Opinion: The Ukraine war was not merely a European crisis, but rather the starting point for the rearrangement of the global balance of power and a shift in the strategic behavior of great powers.
SCFR Online – Opinion: Great power competition is now pursued more in trade, currency, technology, and global supply chains than on the battlefields of military confrontation.
Strategic Council Online – North Korea is among the main issues included in the US foreign policy agenda in recent decades.
Mohammad Javad Ghahremani – PhD in international relations, University of Tehran
Strategic Council Online – The puzzles of strategic rivalry between China and the United States seem to be arranged rapidly, and the world should expect a new rivalry between Washington and Beijing as it did during the Cold War, and at the same time as the United States and the Soviet Union affected the whole world, the rivalry between the United States and China could affect the interests and security of many countries.
Tahmoures Gholami – Expert on US affairs
Strategic Council Online – A faculty member of the Center for Strategic Studies, referring to the threats mentioned in the interim national security document of the Biden administration, said: This document emphasizes the competition between the great powers and the threat of changing the distribution of power in the international system and in the US foreign policy, unlike in the past, terrorism and extremism are no longer the primary threat to the US national security.
Strategic Council Online-Editorial: The interference of the White House in the domestic affairs of Russia during the past one month concerning the Alexi Navalny issue indicated that the Biden administration is profiting from the tools of democracy and human rights for its own interest in order to obtain maximal interests in the global order. And this is an issue which can cause more frictions in the relations between the United States and Russia as Russia believes that the West presents a two-direction and conflicting definition of concrete concepts such as freedom, human rights and democracy.
Dr. Ahmad Vakhishteh, professor of the International Relations Faculty of the National Eurasia University
Strategic Council Online – National governments and international institutions such as the United Nations and the European Union impose economic sanctions with an aim of forcing, deterring, punishing or discrediting entities that jeopardize their interests or violate the so-called international norms. In fact, the philosophy of the existence of sanctions is a tool for the punishment and consequently forcing the target country to change its behavior. Sanctions are generally seen as a low-cost, low-risk route, and in fact as a course between diplomacy and war.
Peyman Hassani – Researcher at the Office of Economic Diplomacy Studies, Imam Sadegh (AS) University
Strategic Council Online –An expert on international affairs referred to the reciprocal sanctions between Russia and the European Union and said: In addition to the Crimea issue, espionage and anti-espionage activities have prevented Europe from approaching Russia, although Russia was trying to improve its relations with Europe but was not successful and still the relations are faced with serious challenges.
Strategic Council Online – An analyst at the Center for Strategic Studies of President’s Office described confusion and disturbance as the hallmarks of the Trump administration’s foreign policy, saying his term in the area of foreign policy was a complete failure for the United States.
Strategic Council Online – A university professor, referring to the cold relations between Pakistan and Arab countries in the Persian Gulf, said: Imran Khan’s government is trying to develop its relations with countries in the region and play an active role in de-escalating some of the tensions, but politicians of that country should be capable of balancing their relations with important countries.
Strategic Council Online—Opinion: The United States believes that the power of Russia’s influence in Europe would be multiplied when the Nord Stream 2 gas pipeline goes on stream and European countries would become more dependant on cheap gas coming from Russia.
Mahmoud Fazeli—Expert of European affairs
Strategic Council Online – Biden believes in the threats that Trump has made to US interests and national security over the past four years, such as threats to Iran, China, North Korea, or the threat posed by terrorism, but believes that the approach to face such threats is multilateral. That is to say, he will try again to revive transatlantic relations, including relations with Europe, whether, within the NATO, the European Union or bilateral relations, and also will advance the issue of Iran and Joint Comprehensive Plan of Action (JCPOA) within the framework of the same JCPOA mechanism.
Tahmoures Gholami – Expert on American Affairs
SCFR Online – Opinion: On Friday, August 7, the heads of state of three countries – Saudi Arabia, Turkey, and Pakistan – signed a text under the title “Makkah Joint Defense Agreement.”
Strategic Council Online – Note: The initiative to revive the Hejaz Railway, beyond being a transportation project, constitutes an attempt to redefine geopolitics, the economy, and Turkey’s regional position; however, its realization appears to face significant financial, security, and institutional challenges.
SCFR Online – Opinion: The Strait of Hormuz crisis is no longer merely the consequence of a military confrontation, but rather a sign of the transition from the US-centered maritime order to a new energy security structure involving the participation of emerging and influential powers.
SCFR Online – Opinion: Iran’s active deterrence strategy, while increasing the costs of US intervention, has increasingly exposed the hidden rifts between Washington’s interests and those of the Israeli regime.
SCFR Online – Opinion: The escalation of verbal and strategic tensions between Turkey and the Israeli regime, although not increasing the likelihood of direct war, indicates the formation of a new order in West Asian geopolitical rivalries.
Strategic Council Online – Note: Recent developments in the political geography of West Asia, from rising tensions in the Persian Gulf to missile and drone activities in the Red Sea and the recent warning by Kaja Kallas, the European Union’s foreign policy chief, regarding the threat to freedom of navigation, indicate a key pattern shift; the US-Iran war has moved beyond the scope of a regional and local confrontation and has linked two vital passageways for the global economy: the Strait of Hormuz and the Bab el-Mandeb Strait.
SCFR Online – Opinion: The Ukraine war was not merely a European crisis, but rather the starting point for the rearrangement of the global balance of power and a shift in the strategic behavior of great powers.
SCFR Online – Opinion: Great power competition is now pursued more in trade, currency, technology, and global supply chains than on the battlefields of military confrontation.