An Analysis of the Makkah Defense Pact
SCFR Online – Opinion: On Friday, August 7, the heads of state of three countries – Saudi Arabia, Turkey, and Pakistan – signed a text under the title “Makkah Joint Defense Agreement.”
SCFR Online – Opinion: On Friday, August 7, the heads of state of three countries – Saudi Arabia, Turkey, and Pakistan – signed a text under the title “Makkah Joint Defense Agreement.”
Strategic Council Online – Note: The initiative to revive the Hejaz Railway, beyond being a transportation project, constitutes an attempt to redefine geopolitics, the economy, and Turkey’s regional position; however, its realization appears to face significant financial, security, and institutional challenges.
SCFR Online – Opinion: The Strait of Hormuz crisis is no longer merely the consequence of a military confrontation, but rather a sign of the transition from the US-centered maritime order to a new energy security structure involving the participation of emerging and influential powers.
SCFR Online – Opinion: Iran’s active deterrence strategy, while increasing the costs of US intervention, has increasingly exposed the hidden rifts between Washington’s interests and those of the Israeli regime.
SCFR Online – Opinion: The escalation of verbal and strategic tensions between Turkey and the Israeli regime, although not increasing the likelihood of direct war, indicates the formation of a new order in West Asian geopolitical rivalries.
Strategic Council Online – Note: Recent developments in the political geography of West Asia, from rising tensions in the Persian Gulf to missile and drone activities in the Red Sea and the recent warning by Kaja Kallas, the European Union’s foreign policy chief, regarding the threat to freedom of navigation, indicate a key pattern shift; the US-Iran war has moved beyond the scope of a regional and local confrontation and has linked two vital passageways for the global economy: the Strait of Hormuz and the Bab el-Mandeb Strait.
SCFR Online – Opinion: The Ukraine war was not merely a European crisis, but rather the starting point for the rearrangement of the global balance of power and a shift in the strategic behavior of great powers.
SCFR Online – Opinion: Great power competition is now pursued more in trade, currency, technology, and global supply chains than on the battlefields of military confrontation.
SCFR Online – Report: Washington, which once regarded itself as the architect of the non-proliferation order, has now—through shifts in its strategic doctrines in this domain—become the primary factor in the decline of that very order.
Strategi Council Online-Opinion: One of the main important developments concerning China is the expansion of its military capabilities in various dimensions.
Tahmooras Gholami, Expert of US affairs
Strategic Council Online – Opinion: Operations of the IRGC navy, which was a “decisive demonstration” of naval strategic deterrence, had a clear message that the Islamic Republic of Iran is authoritatively defending its national interests in territorial and peripheral waters and would not allow the presence of any destructive element, especially the Zionists, in this region.
Barsam Mohammadi – expert of international affairs
Strategic Council Online – Due to the geographical constraints of the Occupied Territories and the vulnerability of the Zionist regime its officials are reluctant to enter into a classic war against Lebanon and other Resistance countries, as they are well aware that any military action by this regime will sooner or later face the reaction of the Resistance Axis states.
Hassan Hanizadeh – Middle East Expert
SCFR Online – Opinion: On Friday, August 7, the heads of state of three countries – Saudi Arabia, Turkey, and Pakistan – signed a text under the title “Makkah Joint Defense Agreement.”
Strategic Council Online – Note: The initiative to revive the Hejaz Railway, beyond being a transportation project, constitutes an attempt to redefine geopolitics, the economy, and Turkey’s regional position; however, its realization appears to face significant financial, security, and institutional challenges.
SCFR Online – Opinion: The Strait of Hormuz crisis is no longer merely the consequence of a military confrontation, but rather a sign of the transition from the US-centered maritime order to a new energy security structure involving the participation of emerging and influential powers.
SCFR Online – Opinion: Iran’s active deterrence strategy, while increasing the costs of US intervention, has increasingly exposed the hidden rifts between Washington’s interests and those of the Israeli regime.
SCFR Online – Opinion: The escalation of verbal and strategic tensions between Turkey and the Israeli regime, although not increasing the likelihood of direct war, indicates the formation of a new order in West Asian geopolitical rivalries.
Strategic Council Online – Note: Recent developments in the political geography of West Asia, from rising tensions in the Persian Gulf to missile and drone activities in the Red Sea and the recent warning by Kaja Kallas, the European Union’s foreign policy chief, regarding the threat to freedom of navigation, indicate a key pattern shift; the US-Iran war has moved beyond the scope of a regional and local confrontation and has linked two vital passageways for the global economy: the Strait of Hormuz and the Bab el-Mandeb Strait.
SCFR Online – Opinion: The Ukraine war was not merely a European crisis, but rather the starting point for the rearrangement of the global balance of power and a shift in the strategic behavior of great powers.
SCFR Online – Opinion: Great power competition is now pursued more in trade, currency, technology, and global supply chains than on the battlefields of military confrontation.
SCFR Online – Report: Washington, which once regarded itself as the architect of the non-proliferation order, has now—through shifts in its strategic doctrines in this domain—become the primary factor in the decline of that very order.
Strategi Council Online-Opinion: One of the main important developments concerning China is the expansion of its military capabilities in various dimensions.
Tahmooras Gholami, Expert of US affairs
Strategic Council Online – Opinion: Operations of the IRGC navy, which was a “decisive demonstration” of naval strategic deterrence, had a clear message that the Islamic Republic of Iran is authoritatively defending its national interests in territorial and peripheral waters and would not allow the presence of any destructive element, especially the Zionists, in this region.
Barsam Mohammadi – expert of international affairs
Strategic Council Online – Due to the geographical constraints of the Occupied Territories and the vulnerability of the Zionist regime its officials are reluctant to enter into a classic war against Lebanon and other Resistance countries, as they are well aware that any military action by this regime will sooner or later face the reaction of the Resistance Axis states.
Hassan Hanizadeh – Middle East Expert
SCFR Online – Report: Washington, which once regarded itself as the architect of the non-proliferation order, has now—through shifts in its strategic doctrines in this domain—become the primary factor in the decline of that very order.
Strategi Council Online-Opinion: One of the main important developments concerning China is the expansion of its military capabilities in various dimensions.
Tahmooras Gholami, Expert of US affairs
Strategic Council Online – Opinion: Operations of the IRGC navy, which was a “decisive demonstration” of naval strategic deterrence, had a clear message that the Islamic Republic of Iran is authoritatively defending its national interests in territorial and peripheral waters and would not allow the presence of any destructive element, especially the Zionists, in this region.
Barsam Mohammadi – expert of international affairs
Strategic Council Online – Due to the geographical constraints of the Occupied Territories and the vulnerability of the Zionist regime its officials are reluctant to enter into a classic war against Lebanon and other Resistance countries, as they are well aware that any military action by this regime will sooner or later face the reaction of the Resistance Axis states.
Hassan Hanizadeh – Middle East Expert
SCFR Online – Opinion: On Friday, August 7, the heads of state of three countries – Saudi Arabia, Turkey, and Pakistan – signed a text under the title “Makkah Joint Defense Agreement.”
Strategic Council Online – Note: The initiative to revive the Hejaz Railway, beyond being a transportation project, constitutes an attempt to redefine geopolitics, the economy, and Turkey’s regional position; however, its realization appears to face significant financial, security, and institutional challenges.
SCFR Online – Opinion: The Strait of Hormuz crisis is no longer merely the consequence of a military confrontation, but rather a sign of the transition from the US-centered maritime order to a new energy security structure involving the participation of emerging and influential powers.
SCFR Online – Opinion: Iran’s active deterrence strategy, while increasing the costs of US intervention, has increasingly exposed the hidden rifts between Washington’s interests and those of the Israeli regime.
SCFR Online – Opinion: The escalation of verbal and strategic tensions between Turkey and the Israeli regime, although not increasing the likelihood of direct war, indicates the formation of a new order in West Asian geopolitical rivalries.
Strategic Council Online – Note: Recent developments in the political geography of West Asia, from rising tensions in the Persian Gulf to missile and drone activities in the Red Sea and the recent warning by Kaja Kallas, the European Union’s foreign policy chief, regarding the threat to freedom of navigation, indicate a key pattern shift; the US-Iran war has moved beyond the scope of a regional and local confrontation and has linked two vital passageways for the global economy: the Strait of Hormuz and the Bab el-Mandeb Strait.
SCFR Online – Opinion: The Ukraine war was not merely a European crisis, but rather the starting point for the rearrangement of the global balance of power and a shift in the strategic behavior of great powers.
SCFR Online – Opinion: Great power competition is now pursued more in trade, currency, technology, and global supply chains than on the battlefields of military confrontation.
SCFR Online – Report: Washington, which once regarded itself as the architect of the non-proliferation order, has now—through shifts in its strategic doctrines in this domain—become the primary factor in the decline of that very order.
Strategi Council Online-Opinion: One of the main important developments concerning China is the expansion of its military capabilities in various dimensions.
Tahmooras Gholami, Expert of US affairs
Strategic Council Online – Opinion: Operations of the IRGC navy, which was a “decisive demonstration” of naval strategic deterrence, had a clear message that the Islamic Republic of Iran is authoritatively defending its national interests in territorial and peripheral waters and would not allow the presence of any destructive element, especially the Zionists, in this region.
Barsam Mohammadi – expert of international affairs
Strategic Council Online – Due to the geographical constraints of the Occupied Territories and the vulnerability of the Zionist regime its officials are reluctant to enter into a classic war against Lebanon and other Resistance countries, as they are well aware that any military action by this regime will sooner or later face the reaction of the Resistance Axis states.
Hassan Hanizadeh – Middle East Expert
SCFR Online – Opinion: On Friday, August 7, the heads of state of three countries – Saudi Arabia, Turkey, and Pakistan – signed a text under the title “Makkah Joint Defense Agreement.”
Strategic Council Online – Note: The initiative to revive the Hejaz Railway, beyond being a transportation project, constitutes an attempt to redefine geopolitics, the economy, and Turkey’s regional position; however, its realization appears to face significant financial, security, and institutional challenges.
SCFR Online – Opinion: The Strait of Hormuz crisis is no longer merely the consequence of a military confrontation, but rather a sign of the transition from the US-centered maritime order to a new energy security structure involving the participation of emerging and influential powers.
SCFR Online – Opinion: Iran’s active deterrence strategy, while increasing the costs of US intervention, has increasingly exposed the hidden rifts between Washington’s interests and those of the Israeli regime.
SCFR Online – Opinion: The escalation of verbal and strategic tensions between Turkey and the Israeli regime, although not increasing the likelihood of direct war, indicates the formation of a new order in West Asian geopolitical rivalries.
Strategic Council Online – Note: Recent developments in the political geography of West Asia, from rising tensions in the Persian Gulf to missile and drone activities in the Red Sea and the recent warning by Kaja Kallas, the European Union’s foreign policy chief, regarding the threat to freedom of navigation, indicate a key pattern shift; the US-Iran war has moved beyond the scope of a regional and local confrontation and has linked two vital passageways for the global economy: the Strait of Hormuz and the Bab el-Mandeb Strait.
SCFR Online – Opinion: The Ukraine war was not merely a European crisis, but rather the starting point for the rearrangement of the global balance of power and a shift in the strategic behavior of great powers.
SCFR Online – Opinion: Great power competition is now pursued more in trade, currency, technology, and global supply chains than on the battlefields of military confrontation.
SCFR Online – Report: Washington, which once regarded itself as the architect of the non-proliferation order, has now—through shifts in its strategic doctrines in this domain—become the primary factor in the decline of that very order.
Strategi Council Online-Opinion: One of the main important developments concerning China is the expansion of its military capabilities in various dimensions.
Tahmooras Gholami, Expert of US affairs
Strategic Council Online – Opinion: Operations of the IRGC navy, which was a “decisive demonstration” of naval strategic deterrence, had a clear message that the Islamic Republic of Iran is authoritatively defending its national interests in territorial and peripheral waters and would not allow the presence of any destructive element, especially the Zionists, in this region.
Barsam Mohammadi – expert of international affairs
Strategic Council Online – Due to the geographical constraints of the Occupied Territories and the vulnerability of the Zionist regime its officials are reluctant to enter into a classic war against Lebanon and other Resistance countries, as they are well aware that any military action by this regime will sooner or later face the reaction of the Resistance Axis states.
Hassan Hanizadeh – Middle East Expert
SCFR Online – Opinion: On Friday, August 7, the heads of state of three countries – Saudi Arabia, Turkey, and Pakistan – signed a text under the title “Makkah Joint Defense Agreement.”
Strategic Council Online – Note: The initiative to revive the Hejaz Railway, beyond being a transportation project, constitutes an attempt to redefine geopolitics, the economy, and Turkey’s regional position; however, its realization appears to face significant financial, security, and institutional challenges.
SCFR Online – Opinion: The Strait of Hormuz crisis is no longer merely the consequence of a military confrontation, but rather a sign of the transition from the US-centered maritime order to a new energy security structure involving the participation of emerging and influential powers.
SCFR Online – Opinion: Iran’s active deterrence strategy, while increasing the costs of US intervention, has increasingly exposed the hidden rifts between Washington’s interests and those of the Israeli regime.
SCFR Online – Opinion: The escalation of verbal and strategic tensions between Turkey and the Israeli regime, although not increasing the likelihood of direct war, indicates the formation of a new order in West Asian geopolitical rivalries.
Strategic Council Online – Note: Recent developments in the political geography of West Asia, from rising tensions in the Persian Gulf to missile and drone activities in the Red Sea and the recent warning by Kaja Kallas, the European Union’s foreign policy chief, regarding the threat to freedom of navigation, indicate a key pattern shift; the US-Iran war has moved beyond the scope of a regional and local confrontation and has linked two vital passageways for the global economy: the Strait of Hormuz and the Bab el-Mandeb Strait.
SCFR Online – Opinion: The Ukraine war was not merely a European crisis, but rather the starting point for the rearrangement of the global balance of power and a shift in the strategic behavior of great powers.
SCFR Online – Opinion: Great power competition is now pursued more in trade, currency, technology, and global supply chains than on the battlefields of military confrontation.
SCFR Online – Report: Washington, which once regarded itself as the architect of the non-proliferation order, has now—through shifts in its strategic doctrines in this domain—become the primary factor in the decline of that very order.
Strategi Council Online-Opinion: One of the main important developments concerning China is the expansion of its military capabilities in various dimensions.
Tahmooras Gholami, Expert of US affairs
Strategic Council Online – Opinion: Operations of the IRGC navy, which was a “decisive demonstration” of naval strategic deterrence, had a clear message that the Islamic Republic of Iran is authoritatively defending its national interests in territorial and peripheral waters and would not allow the presence of any destructive element, especially the Zionists, in this region.
Barsam Mohammadi – expert of international affairs
Strategic Council Online – Due to the geographical constraints of the Occupied Territories and the vulnerability of the Zionist regime its officials are reluctant to enter into a classic war against Lebanon and other Resistance countries, as they are well aware that any military action by this regime will sooner or later face the reaction of the Resistance Axis states.
Hassan Hanizadeh – Middle East Expert
SCFR Online – Opinion: On Friday, August 7, the heads of state of three countries – Saudi Arabia, Turkey, and Pakistan – signed a text under the title “Makkah Joint Defense Agreement.”
Strategic Council Online – Note: The initiative to revive the Hejaz Railway, beyond being a transportation project, constitutes an attempt to redefine geopolitics, the economy, and Turkey’s regional position; however, its realization appears to face significant financial, security, and institutional challenges.
SCFR Online – Opinion: The Strait of Hormuz crisis is no longer merely the consequence of a military confrontation, but rather a sign of the transition from the US-centered maritime order to a new energy security structure involving the participation of emerging and influential powers.
SCFR Online – Opinion: Iran’s active deterrence strategy, while increasing the costs of US intervention, has increasingly exposed the hidden rifts between Washington’s interests and those of the Israeli regime.
SCFR Online – Opinion: The escalation of verbal and strategic tensions between Turkey and the Israeli regime, although not increasing the likelihood of direct war, indicates the formation of a new order in West Asian geopolitical rivalries.
Strategic Council Online – Note: Recent developments in the political geography of West Asia, from rising tensions in the Persian Gulf to missile and drone activities in the Red Sea and the recent warning by Kaja Kallas, the European Union’s foreign policy chief, regarding the threat to freedom of navigation, indicate a key pattern shift; the US-Iran war has moved beyond the scope of a regional and local confrontation and has linked two vital passageways for the global economy: the Strait of Hormuz and the Bab el-Mandeb Strait.
SCFR Online – Opinion: The Ukraine war was not merely a European crisis, but rather the starting point for the rearrangement of the global balance of power and a shift in the strategic behavior of great powers.
SCFR Online – Opinion: Great power competition is now pursued more in trade, currency, technology, and global supply chains than on the battlefields of military confrontation.
SCFR Online – Report: Washington, which once regarded itself as the architect of the non-proliferation order, has now—through shifts in its strategic doctrines in this domain—become the primary factor in the decline of that very order.
Strategi Council Online-Opinion: One of the main important developments concerning China is the expansion of its military capabilities in various dimensions.
Tahmooras Gholami, Expert of US affairs
Strategic Council Online – Opinion: Operations of the IRGC navy, which was a “decisive demonstration” of naval strategic deterrence, had a clear message that the Islamic Republic of Iran is authoritatively defending its national interests in territorial and peripheral waters and would not allow the presence of any destructive element, especially the Zionists, in this region.
Barsam Mohammadi – expert of international affairs
Strategic Council Online – Due to the geographical constraints of the Occupied Territories and the vulnerability of the Zionist regime its officials are reluctant to enter into a classic war against Lebanon and other Resistance countries, as they are well aware that any military action by this regime will sooner or later face the reaction of the Resistance Axis states.
Hassan Hanizadeh – Middle East Expert
SCFR Online – Opinion: On Friday, August 7, the heads of state of three countries – Saudi Arabia, Turkey, and Pakistan – signed a text under the title “Makkah Joint Defense Agreement.”
Strategic Council Online – Note: The initiative to revive the Hejaz Railway, beyond being a transportation project, constitutes an attempt to redefine geopolitics, the economy, and Turkey’s regional position; however, its realization appears to face significant financial, security, and institutional challenges.
SCFR Online – Opinion: The Strait of Hormuz crisis is no longer merely the consequence of a military confrontation, but rather a sign of the transition from the US-centered maritime order to a new energy security structure involving the participation of emerging and influential powers.
SCFR Online – Opinion: Iran’s active deterrence strategy, while increasing the costs of US intervention, has increasingly exposed the hidden rifts between Washington’s interests and those of the Israeli regime.
SCFR Online – Opinion: The escalation of verbal and strategic tensions between Turkey and the Israeli regime, although not increasing the likelihood of direct war, indicates the formation of a new order in West Asian geopolitical rivalries.
Strategic Council Online – Note: Recent developments in the political geography of West Asia, from rising tensions in the Persian Gulf to missile and drone activities in the Red Sea and the recent warning by Kaja Kallas, the European Union’s foreign policy chief, regarding the threat to freedom of navigation, indicate a key pattern shift; the US-Iran war has moved beyond the scope of a regional and local confrontation and has linked two vital passageways for the global economy: the Strait of Hormuz and the Bab el-Mandeb Strait.
SCFR Online – Opinion: The Ukraine war was not merely a European crisis, but rather the starting point for the rearrangement of the global balance of power and a shift in the strategic behavior of great powers.
SCFR Online – Opinion: Great power competition is now pursued more in trade, currency, technology, and global supply chains than on the battlefields of military confrontation.