An Analysis of the Makkah Defense Pact
SCFR Online – Opinion: On Friday, August 7, the heads of state of three countries – Saudi Arabia, Turkey, and Pakistan – signed a text under the title “Makkah Joint Defense Agreement.”
SCFR Online – Opinion: On Friday, August 7, the heads of state of three countries – Saudi Arabia, Turkey, and Pakistan – signed a text under the title “Makkah Joint Defense Agreement.”
Strategic Council Online – Note: The initiative to revive the Hejaz Railway, beyond being a transportation project, constitutes an attempt to redefine geopolitics, the economy, and Turkey’s regional position; however, its realization appears to face significant financial, security, and institutional challenges.
SCFR Online – Opinion: The Strait of Hormuz crisis is no longer merely the consequence of a military confrontation, but rather a sign of the transition from the US-centered maritime order to a new energy security structure involving the participation of emerging and influential powers.
SCFR Online – Opinion: Iran’s active deterrence strategy, while increasing the costs of US intervention, has increasingly exposed the hidden rifts between Washington’s interests and those of the Israeli regime.
SCFR Online – Opinion: The escalation of verbal and strategic tensions between Turkey and the Israeli regime, although not increasing the likelihood of direct war, indicates the formation of a new order in West Asian geopolitical rivalries.
Strategic Council Online – Note: Recent developments in the political geography of West Asia, from rising tensions in the Persian Gulf to missile and drone activities in the Red Sea and the recent warning by Kaja Kallas, the European Union’s foreign policy chief, regarding the threat to freedom of navigation, indicate a key pattern shift; the US-Iran war has moved beyond the scope of a regional and local confrontation and has linked two vital passageways for the global economy: the Strait of Hormuz and the Bab el-Mandeb Strait.
SCFR Online – Opinion: The Ukraine war was not merely a European crisis, but rather the starting point for the rearrangement of the global balance of power and a shift in the strategic behavior of great powers.
SCFR Online – Opinion: Great power competition is now pursued more in trade, currency, technology, and global supply chains than on the battlefields of military confrontation.
Strategic Council Online: Dr. Seyed Kamal Kharrazi emphasized that any negotiation with the United States must be based on equal footing and mutual respect, and its agenda must be agreed upon in advance.
Strategic Council Online—Opinion: The latest report from the Swedish think-tank Sipri, which is active in the field of weapons surveillance worldwide, shows a worrying trend in the growth of nuclear arsenals. This is despite the fact that this trend has been declining since the Cold War.
Dr. Ali Karbalaei Hosseini—Researcher of International Law
Strategic Council Online – Opinion: Financial Committee of the Zionist regime parliament (Knesset) on December 23, 2021 added an amendment article to the budget bill for 2022 based on which the sum of $ 2.9 billion was added to the military budget of the Zionist regime for preparedness of the military attack against Iran’s nuclear facilities and installations.
Fatemeh Nekoo La’al Azad, Researcher of International Affairs
Strategic Council Online- Note: Development of 110 nuclear power plants by 2030 is one of the macro-investment projects of China, which has caused another field of contradiction of interests between China and the U.S.
Reza Majidzadeh, Director of Simorgh Development Group, Passargad Millennium Plan think-tank
Strategic Council Online – An expert on international affairs commenting on the results of holding the two rounds of the Joint Comprehensive Plan of Action (JCPOA) Joint Commission meeting in Vienna said: Considering the desire of all parties to continue the negotiations, it can be said that the scenario of reviving the JCPOA is not far-fetched.
SCFR Online – Opinion: On Friday, August 7, the heads of state of three countries – Saudi Arabia, Turkey, and Pakistan – signed a text under the title “Makkah Joint Defense Agreement.”
Strategic Council Online – Note: The initiative to revive the Hejaz Railway, beyond being a transportation project, constitutes an attempt to redefine geopolitics, the economy, and Turkey’s regional position; however, its realization appears to face significant financial, security, and institutional challenges.
SCFR Online – Opinion: The Strait of Hormuz crisis is no longer merely the consequence of a military confrontation, but rather a sign of the transition from the US-centered maritime order to a new energy security structure involving the participation of emerging and influential powers.
SCFR Online – Opinion: Iran’s active deterrence strategy, while increasing the costs of US intervention, has increasingly exposed the hidden rifts between Washington’s interests and those of the Israeli regime.
SCFR Online – Opinion: The escalation of verbal and strategic tensions between Turkey and the Israeli regime, although not increasing the likelihood of direct war, indicates the formation of a new order in West Asian geopolitical rivalries.
Strategic Council Online – Note: Recent developments in the political geography of West Asia, from rising tensions in the Persian Gulf to missile and drone activities in the Red Sea and the recent warning by Kaja Kallas, the European Union’s foreign policy chief, regarding the threat to freedom of navigation, indicate a key pattern shift; the US-Iran war has moved beyond the scope of a regional and local confrontation and has linked two vital passageways for the global economy: the Strait of Hormuz and the Bab el-Mandeb Strait.
SCFR Online – Opinion: The Ukraine war was not merely a European crisis, but rather the starting point for the rearrangement of the global balance of power and a shift in the strategic behavior of great powers.
SCFR Online – Opinion: Great power competition is now pursued more in trade, currency, technology, and global supply chains than on the battlefields of military confrontation.
Strategic Council Online: Dr. Seyed Kamal Kharrazi emphasized that any negotiation with the United States must be based on equal footing and mutual respect, and its agenda must be agreed upon in advance.
Strategic Council Online—Opinion: The latest report from the Swedish think-tank Sipri, which is active in the field of weapons surveillance worldwide, shows a worrying trend in the growth of nuclear arsenals. This is despite the fact that this trend has been declining since the Cold War.
Dr. Ali Karbalaei Hosseini—Researcher of International Law
Strategic Council Online – Opinion: Financial Committee of the Zionist regime parliament (Knesset) on December 23, 2021 added an amendment article to the budget bill for 2022 based on which the sum of $ 2.9 billion was added to the military budget of the Zionist regime for preparedness of the military attack against Iran’s nuclear facilities and installations.
Fatemeh Nekoo La’al Azad, Researcher of International Affairs
Strategic Council Online- Note: Development of 110 nuclear power plants by 2030 is one of the macro-investment projects of China, which has caused another field of contradiction of interests between China and the U.S.
Reza Majidzadeh, Director of Simorgh Development Group, Passargad Millennium Plan think-tank
Strategic Council Online – An expert on international affairs commenting on the results of holding the two rounds of the Joint Comprehensive Plan of Action (JCPOA) Joint Commission meeting in Vienna said: Considering the desire of all parties to continue the negotiations, it can be said that the scenario of reviving the JCPOA is not far-fetched.
Strategic Council Online: Dr. Seyed Kamal Kharrazi emphasized that any negotiation with the United States must be based on equal footing and mutual respect, and its agenda must be agreed upon in advance.
Strategic Council Online—Opinion: The latest report from the Swedish think-tank Sipri, which is active in the field of weapons surveillance worldwide, shows a worrying trend in the growth of nuclear arsenals. This is despite the fact that this trend has been declining since the Cold War.
Dr. Ali Karbalaei Hosseini—Researcher of International Law
Strategic Council Online – Opinion: Financial Committee of the Zionist regime parliament (Knesset) on December 23, 2021 added an amendment article to the budget bill for 2022 based on which the sum of $ 2.9 billion was added to the military budget of the Zionist regime for preparedness of the military attack against Iran’s nuclear facilities and installations.
Fatemeh Nekoo La’al Azad, Researcher of International Affairs
Strategic Council Online- Note: Development of 110 nuclear power plants by 2030 is one of the macro-investment projects of China, which has caused another field of contradiction of interests between China and the U.S.
Reza Majidzadeh, Director of Simorgh Development Group, Passargad Millennium Plan think-tank
Strategic Council Online – An expert on international affairs commenting on the results of holding the two rounds of the Joint Comprehensive Plan of Action (JCPOA) Joint Commission meeting in Vienna said: Considering the desire of all parties to continue the negotiations, it can be said that the scenario of reviving the JCPOA is not far-fetched.
SCFR Online – Opinion: On Friday, August 7, the heads of state of three countries – Saudi Arabia, Turkey, and Pakistan – signed a text under the title “Makkah Joint Defense Agreement.”
Strategic Council Online – Note: The initiative to revive the Hejaz Railway, beyond being a transportation project, constitutes an attempt to redefine geopolitics, the economy, and Turkey’s regional position; however, its realization appears to face significant financial, security, and institutional challenges.
SCFR Online – Opinion: The Strait of Hormuz crisis is no longer merely the consequence of a military confrontation, but rather a sign of the transition from the US-centered maritime order to a new energy security structure involving the participation of emerging and influential powers.
SCFR Online – Opinion: Iran’s active deterrence strategy, while increasing the costs of US intervention, has increasingly exposed the hidden rifts between Washington’s interests and those of the Israeli regime.
SCFR Online – Opinion: The escalation of verbal and strategic tensions between Turkey and the Israeli regime, although not increasing the likelihood of direct war, indicates the formation of a new order in West Asian geopolitical rivalries.
Strategic Council Online – Note: Recent developments in the political geography of West Asia, from rising tensions in the Persian Gulf to missile and drone activities in the Red Sea and the recent warning by Kaja Kallas, the European Union’s foreign policy chief, regarding the threat to freedom of navigation, indicate a key pattern shift; the US-Iran war has moved beyond the scope of a regional and local confrontation and has linked two vital passageways for the global economy: the Strait of Hormuz and the Bab el-Mandeb Strait.
SCFR Online – Opinion: The Ukraine war was not merely a European crisis, but rather the starting point for the rearrangement of the global balance of power and a shift in the strategic behavior of great powers.
SCFR Online – Opinion: Great power competition is now pursued more in trade, currency, technology, and global supply chains than on the battlefields of military confrontation.
Strategic Council Online: Dr. Seyed Kamal Kharrazi emphasized that any negotiation with the United States must be based on equal footing and mutual respect, and its agenda must be agreed upon in advance.
Strategic Council Online—Opinion: The latest report from the Swedish think-tank Sipri, which is active in the field of weapons surveillance worldwide, shows a worrying trend in the growth of nuclear arsenals. This is despite the fact that this trend has been declining since the Cold War.
Dr. Ali Karbalaei Hosseini—Researcher of International Law
Strategic Council Online – Opinion: Financial Committee of the Zionist regime parliament (Knesset) on December 23, 2021 added an amendment article to the budget bill for 2022 based on which the sum of $ 2.9 billion was added to the military budget of the Zionist regime for preparedness of the military attack against Iran’s nuclear facilities and installations.
Fatemeh Nekoo La’al Azad, Researcher of International Affairs
Strategic Council Online- Note: Development of 110 nuclear power plants by 2030 is one of the macro-investment projects of China, which has caused another field of contradiction of interests between China and the U.S.
Reza Majidzadeh, Director of Simorgh Development Group, Passargad Millennium Plan think-tank
Strategic Council Online – An expert on international affairs commenting on the results of holding the two rounds of the Joint Comprehensive Plan of Action (JCPOA) Joint Commission meeting in Vienna said: Considering the desire of all parties to continue the negotiations, it can be said that the scenario of reviving the JCPOA is not far-fetched.
SCFR Online – Opinion: On Friday, August 7, the heads of state of three countries – Saudi Arabia, Turkey, and Pakistan – signed a text under the title “Makkah Joint Defense Agreement.”
Strategic Council Online – Note: The initiative to revive the Hejaz Railway, beyond being a transportation project, constitutes an attempt to redefine geopolitics, the economy, and Turkey’s regional position; however, its realization appears to face significant financial, security, and institutional challenges.
SCFR Online – Opinion: The Strait of Hormuz crisis is no longer merely the consequence of a military confrontation, but rather a sign of the transition from the US-centered maritime order to a new energy security structure involving the participation of emerging and influential powers.
SCFR Online – Opinion: Iran’s active deterrence strategy, while increasing the costs of US intervention, has increasingly exposed the hidden rifts between Washington’s interests and those of the Israeli regime.
SCFR Online – Opinion: The escalation of verbal and strategic tensions between Turkey and the Israeli regime, although not increasing the likelihood of direct war, indicates the formation of a new order in West Asian geopolitical rivalries.
Strategic Council Online – Note: Recent developments in the political geography of West Asia, from rising tensions in the Persian Gulf to missile and drone activities in the Red Sea and the recent warning by Kaja Kallas, the European Union’s foreign policy chief, regarding the threat to freedom of navigation, indicate a key pattern shift; the US-Iran war has moved beyond the scope of a regional and local confrontation and has linked two vital passageways for the global economy: the Strait of Hormuz and the Bab el-Mandeb Strait.
SCFR Online – Opinion: The Ukraine war was not merely a European crisis, but rather the starting point for the rearrangement of the global balance of power and a shift in the strategic behavior of great powers.
SCFR Online – Opinion: Great power competition is now pursued more in trade, currency, technology, and global supply chains than on the battlefields of military confrontation.
Strategic Council Online: Dr. Seyed Kamal Kharrazi emphasized that any negotiation with the United States must be based on equal footing and mutual respect, and its agenda must be agreed upon in advance.
Strategic Council Online—Opinion: The latest report from the Swedish think-tank Sipri, which is active in the field of weapons surveillance worldwide, shows a worrying trend in the growth of nuclear arsenals. This is despite the fact that this trend has been declining since the Cold War.
Dr. Ali Karbalaei Hosseini—Researcher of International Law
Strategic Council Online – Opinion: Financial Committee of the Zionist regime parliament (Knesset) on December 23, 2021 added an amendment article to the budget bill for 2022 based on which the sum of $ 2.9 billion was added to the military budget of the Zionist regime for preparedness of the military attack against Iran’s nuclear facilities and installations.
Fatemeh Nekoo La’al Azad, Researcher of International Affairs
Strategic Council Online- Note: Development of 110 nuclear power plants by 2030 is one of the macro-investment projects of China, which has caused another field of contradiction of interests between China and the U.S.
Reza Majidzadeh, Director of Simorgh Development Group, Passargad Millennium Plan think-tank
Strategic Council Online – An expert on international affairs commenting on the results of holding the two rounds of the Joint Comprehensive Plan of Action (JCPOA) Joint Commission meeting in Vienna said: Considering the desire of all parties to continue the negotiations, it can be said that the scenario of reviving the JCPOA is not far-fetched.
SCFR Online – Opinion: On Friday, August 7, the heads of state of three countries – Saudi Arabia, Turkey, and Pakistan – signed a text under the title “Makkah Joint Defense Agreement.”
Strategic Council Online – Note: The initiative to revive the Hejaz Railway, beyond being a transportation project, constitutes an attempt to redefine geopolitics, the economy, and Turkey’s regional position; however, its realization appears to face significant financial, security, and institutional challenges.
SCFR Online – Opinion: The Strait of Hormuz crisis is no longer merely the consequence of a military confrontation, but rather a sign of the transition from the US-centered maritime order to a new energy security structure involving the participation of emerging and influential powers.
SCFR Online – Opinion: Iran’s active deterrence strategy, while increasing the costs of US intervention, has increasingly exposed the hidden rifts between Washington’s interests and those of the Israeli regime.
SCFR Online – Opinion: The escalation of verbal and strategic tensions between Turkey and the Israeli regime, although not increasing the likelihood of direct war, indicates the formation of a new order in West Asian geopolitical rivalries.
Strategic Council Online – Note: Recent developments in the political geography of West Asia, from rising tensions in the Persian Gulf to missile and drone activities in the Red Sea and the recent warning by Kaja Kallas, the European Union’s foreign policy chief, regarding the threat to freedom of navigation, indicate a key pattern shift; the US-Iran war has moved beyond the scope of a regional and local confrontation and has linked two vital passageways for the global economy: the Strait of Hormuz and the Bab el-Mandeb Strait.
SCFR Online – Opinion: The Ukraine war was not merely a European crisis, but rather the starting point for the rearrangement of the global balance of power and a shift in the strategic behavior of great powers.
SCFR Online – Opinion: Great power competition is now pursued more in trade, currency, technology, and global supply chains than on the battlefields of military confrontation.
Strategic Council Online: Dr. Seyed Kamal Kharrazi emphasized that any negotiation with the United States must be based on equal footing and mutual respect, and its agenda must be agreed upon in advance.
Strategic Council Online—Opinion: The latest report from the Swedish think-tank Sipri, which is active in the field of weapons surveillance worldwide, shows a worrying trend in the growth of nuclear arsenals. This is despite the fact that this trend has been declining since the Cold War.
Dr. Ali Karbalaei Hosseini—Researcher of International Law
Strategic Council Online – Opinion: Financial Committee of the Zionist regime parliament (Knesset) on December 23, 2021 added an amendment article to the budget bill for 2022 based on which the sum of $ 2.9 billion was added to the military budget of the Zionist regime for preparedness of the military attack against Iran’s nuclear facilities and installations.
Fatemeh Nekoo La’al Azad, Researcher of International Affairs
Strategic Council Online- Note: Development of 110 nuclear power plants by 2030 is one of the macro-investment projects of China, which has caused another field of contradiction of interests between China and the U.S.
Reza Majidzadeh, Director of Simorgh Development Group, Passargad Millennium Plan think-tank
Strategic Council Online – An expert on international affairs commenting on the results of holding the two rounds of the Joint Comprehensive Plan of Action (JCPOA) Joint Commission meeting in Vienna said: Considering the desire of all parties to continue the negotiations, it can be said that the scenario of reviving the JCPOA is not far-fetched.
SCFR Online – Opinion: On Friday, August 7, the heads of state of three countries – Saudi Arabia, Turkey, and Pakistan – signed a text under the title “Makkah Joint Defense Agreement.”
Strategic Council Online – Note: The initiative to revive the Hejaz Railway, beyond being a transportation project, constitutes an attempt to redefine geopolitics, the economy, and Turkey’s regional position; however, its realization appears to face significant financial, security, and institutional challenges.
SCFR Online – Opinion: The Strait of Hormuz crisis is no longer merely the consequence of a military confrontation, but rather a sign of the transition from the US-centered maritime order to a new energy security structure involving the participation of emerging and influential powers.
SCFR Online – Opinion: Iran’s active deterrence strategy, while increasing the costs of US intervention, has increasingly exposed the hidden rifts between Washington’s interests and those of the Israeli regime.
SCFR Online – Opinion: The escalation of verbal and strategic tensions between Turkey and the Israeli regime, although not increasing the likelihood of direct war, indicates the formation of a new order in West Asian geopolitical rivalries.
Strategic Council Online – Note: Recent developments in the political geography of West Asia, from rising tensions in the Persian Gulf to missile and drone activities in the Red Sea and the recent warning by Kaja Kallas, the European Union’s foreign policy chief, regarding the threat to freedom of navigation, indicate a key pattern shift; the US-Iran war has moved beyond the scope of a regional and local confrontation and has linked two vital passageways for the global economy: the Strait of Hormuz and the Bab el-Mandeb Strait.
SCFR Online – Opinion: The Ukraine war was not merely a European crisis, but rather the starting point for the rearrangement of the global balance of power and a shift in the strategic behavior of great powers.
SCFR Online – Opinion: Great power competition is now pursued more in trade, currency, technology, and global supply chains than on the battlefields of military confrontation.
Strategic Council Online: Dr. Seyed Kamal Kharrazi emphasized that any negotiation with the United States must be based on equal footing and mutual respect, and its agenda must be agreed upon in advance.
Strategic Council Online—Opinion: The latest report from the Swedish think-tank Sipri, which is active in the field of weapons surveillance worldwide, shows a worrying trend in the growth of nuclear arsenals. This is despite the fact that this trend has been declining since the Cold War.
Dr. Ali Karbalaei Hosseini—Researcher of International Law
Strategic Council Online – Opinion: Financial Committee of the Zionist regime parliament (Knesset) on December 23, 2021 added an amendment article to the budget bill for 2022 based on which the sum of $ 2.9 billion was added to the military budget of the Zionist regime for preparedness of the military attack against Iran’s nuclear facilities and installations.
Fatemeh Nekoo La’al Azad, Researcher of International Affairs
Strategic Council Online- Note: Development of 110 nuclear power plants by 2030 is one of the macro-investment projects of China, which has caused another field of contradiction of interests between China and the U.S.
Reza Majidzadeh, Director of Simorgh Development Group, Passargad Millennium Plan think-tank
Strategic Council Online – An expert on international affairs commenting on the results of holding the two rounds of the Joint Comprehensive Plan of Action (JCPOA) Joint Commission meeting in Vienna said: Considering the desire of all parties to continue the negotiations, it can be said that the scenario of reviving the JCPOA is not far-fetched.
SCFR Online – Opinion: On Friday, August 7, the heads of state of three countries – Saudi Arabia, Turkey, and Pakistan – signed a text under the title “Makkah Joint Defense Agreement.”
Strategic Council Online – Note: The initiative to revive the Hejaz Railway, beyond being a transportation project, constitutes an attempt to redefine geopolitics, the economy, and Turkey’s regional position; however, its realization appears to face significant financial, security, and institutional challenges.
SCFR Online – Opinion: The Strait of Hormuz crisis is no longer merely the consequence of a military confrontation, but rather a sign of the transition from the US-centered maritime order to a new energy security structure involving the participation of emerging and influential powers.
SCFR Online – Opinion: Iran’s active deterrence strategy, while increasing the costs of US intervention, has increasingly exposed the hidden rifts between Washington’s interests and those of the Israeli regime.
SCFR Online – Opinion: The escalation of verbal and strategic tensions between Turkey and the Israeli regime, although not increasing the likelihood of direct war, indicates the formation of a new order in West Asian geopolitical rivalries.
Strategic Council Online – Note: Recent developments in the political geography of West Asia, from rising tensions in the Persian Gulf to missile and drone activities in the Red Sea and the recent warning by Kaja Kallas, the European Union’s foreign policy chief, regarding the threat to freedom of navigation, indicate a key pattern shift; the US-Iran war has moved beyond the scope of a regional and local confrontation and has linked two vital passageways for the global economy: the Strait of Hormuz and the Bab el-Mandeb Strait.
SCFR Online – Opinion: The Ukraine war was not merely a European crisis, but rather the starting point for the rearrangement of the global balance of power and a shift in the strategic behavior of great powers.
SCFR Online – Opinion: Great power competition is now pursued more in trade, currency, technology, and global supply chains than on the battlefields of military confrontation.