An Analysis of the Makkah Defense Pact
SCFR Online – Opinion: On Friday, August 7, the heads of state of three countries – Saudi Arabia, Turkey, and Pakistan – signed a text under the title “Makkah Joint Defense Agreement.”
SCFR Online – Opinion: On Friday, August 7, the heads of state of three countries – Saudi Arabia, Turkey, and Pakistan – signed a text under the title “Makkah Joint Defense Agreement.”
Strategic Council Online – Note: The initiative to revive the Hejaz Railway, beyond being a transportation project, constitutes an attempt to redefine geopolitics, the economy, and Turkey’s regional position; however, its realization appears to face significant financial, security, and institutional challenges.
SCFR Online – Opinion: The Strait of Hormuz crisis is no longer merely the consequence of a military confrontation, but rather a sign of the transition from the US-centered maritime order to a new energy security structure involving the participation of emerging and influential powers.
SCFR Online – Opinion: Iran’s active deterrence strategy, while increasing the costs of US intervention, has increasingly exposed the hidden rifts between Washington’s interests and those of the Israeli regime.
SCFR Online – Opinion: The escalation of verbal and strategic tensions between Turkey and the Israeli regime, although not increasing the likelihood of direct war, indicates the formation of a new order in West Asian geopolitical rivalries.
Strategic Council Online – Note: Recent developments in the political geography of West Asia, from rising tensions in the Persian Gulf to missile and drone activities in the Red Sea and the recent warning by Kaja Kallas, the European Union’s foreign policy chief, regarding the threat to freedom of navigation, indicate a key pattern shift; the US-Iran war has moved beyond the scope of a regional and local confrontation and has linked two vital passageways for the global economy: the Strait of Hormuz and the Bab el-Mandeb Strait.
SCFR Online – Opinion: The Ukraine war was not merely a European crisis, but rather the starting point for the rearrangement of the global balance of power and a shift in the strategic behavior of great powers.
SCFR Online – Opinion: Great power competition is now pursued more in trade, currency, technology, and global supply chains than on the battlefields of military confrontation.
Strategic Council Online– Note: In recent weeks, the warmth of relations between Trump and Netanyahu has been questioned, and it seems that the two sides have had significant disagreements regarding the mechanisms for dealing with sensitive issues and challenges in the region, especially Iran, Hamas, Gaza, and Yemen.
Strategic Council Online – Opinion: It would be simplistic if the verbal tensions between Biden and Netanyahu were interpreted as tensions in the relations between the US and the Zionist regime. Such an interpretation of Biden’s statements is incorrect and contrary to the facts governing their “strategic relations.”
Barsam Mohammadi – Expert on regional affairs
Strategic Council Online – Interview: An expert on Israeli affairs said that the majority of American Jews are inclined towards Democrats with liberal views and would not tolerate the Israeli government act in such a right-leaning, extremist and pseudo-fascist manner. He added: The United States will be worried when the governments that work within the framework of laying the foundations for the normalization of relations, because of Israel’s extremist measures, go towards tension with Tel Aviv.
SCFR Online – Opinion: On Friday, August 7, the heads of state of three countries – Saudi Arabia, Turkey, and Pakistan – signed a text under the title “Makkah Joint Defense Agreement.”
Strategic Council Online – Note: The initiative to revive the Hejaz Railway, beyond being a transportation project, constitutes an attempt to redefine geopolitics, the economy, and Turkey’s regional position; however, its realization appears to face significant financial, security, and institutional challenges.
SCFR Online – Opinion: The Strait of Hormuz crisis is no longer merely the consequence of a military confrontation, but rather a sign of the transition from the US-centered maritime order to a new energy security structure involving the participation of emerging and influential powers.
SCFR Online – Opinion: Iran’s active deterrence strategy, while increasing the costs of US intervention, has increasingly exposed the hidden rifts between Washington’s interests and those of the Israeli regime.
SCFR Online – Opinion: The escalation of verbal and strategic tensions between Turkey and the Israeli regime, although not increasing the likelihood of direct war, indicates the formation of a new order in West Asian geopolitical rivalries.
Strategic Council Online – Note: Recent developments in the political geography of West Asia, from rising tensions in the Persian Gulf to missile and drone activities in the Red Sea and the recent warning by Kaja Kallas, the European Union’s foreign policy chief, regarding the threat to freedom of navigation, indicate a key pattern shift; the US-Iran war has moved beyond the scope of a regional and local confrontation and has linked two vital passageways for the global economy: the Strait of Hormuz and the Bab el-Mandeb Strait.
SCFR Online – Opinion: The Ukraine war was not merely a European crisis, but rather the starting point for the rearrangement of the global balance of power and a shift in the strategic behavior of great powers.
SCFR Online – Opinion: Great power competition is now pursued more in trade, currency, technology, and global supply chains than on the battlefields of military confrontation.
Strategic Council Online– Note: In recent weeks, the warmth of relations between Trump and Netanyahu has been questioned, and it seems that the two sides have had significant disagreements regarding the mechanisms for dealing with sensitive issues and challenges in the region, especially Iran, Hamas, Gaza, and Yemen.
Strategic Council Online – Opinion: It would be simplistic if the verbal tensions between Biden and Netanyahu were interpreted as tensions in the relations between the US and the Zionist regime. Such an interpretation of Biden’s statements is incorrect and contrary to the facts governing their “strategic relations.”
Barsam Mohammadi – Expert on regional affairs
Strategic Council Online – Interview: An expert on Israeli affairs said that the majority of American Jews are inclined towards Democrats with liberal views and would not tolerate the Israeli government act in such a right-leaning, extremist and pseudo-fascist manner. He added: The United States will be worried when the governments that work within the framework of laying the foundations for the normalization of relations, because of Israel’s extremist measures, go towards tension with Tel Aviv.
Strategic Council Online– Note: In recent weeks, the warmth of relations between Trump and Netanyahu has been questioned, and it seems that the two sides have had significant disagreements regarding the mechanisms for dealing with sensitive issues and challenges in the region, especially Iran, Hamas, Gaza, and Yemen.
Strategic Council Online – Opinion: It would be simplistic if the verbal tensions between Biden and Netanyahu were interpreted as tensions in the relations between the US and the Zionist regime. Such an interpretation of Biden’s statements is incorrect and contrary to the facts governing their “strategic relations.”
Barsam Mohammadi – Expert on regional affairs
Strategic Council Online – Interview: An expert on Israeli affairs said that the majority of American Jews are inclined towards Democrats with liberal views and would not tolerate the Israeli government act in such a right-leaning, extremist and pseudo-fascist manner. He added: The United States will be worried when the governments that work within the framework of laying the foundations for the normalization of relations, because of Israel’s extremist measures, go towards tension with Tel Aviv.
SCFR Online – Opinion: On Friday, August 7, the heads of state of three countries – Saudi Arabia, Turkey, and Pakistan – signed a text under the title “Makkah Joint Defense Agreement.”
Strategic Council Online – Note: The initiative to revive the Hejaz Railway, beyond being a transportation project, constitutes an attempt to redefine geopolitics, the economy, and Turkey’s regional position; however, its realization appears to face significant financial, security, and institutional challenges.
SCFR Online – Opinion: The Strait of Hormuz crisis is no longer merely the consequence of a military confrontation, but rather a sign of the transition from the US-centered maritime order to a new energy security structure involving the participation of emerging and influential powers.
SCFR Online – Opinion: Iran’s active deterrence strategy, while increasing the costs of US intervention, has increasingly exposed the hidden rifts between Washington’s interests and those of the Israeli regime.
SCFR Online – Opinion: The escalation of verbal and strategic tensions between Turkey and the Israeli regime, although not increasing the likelihood of direct war, indicates the formation of a new order in West Asian geopolitical rivalries.
Strategic Council Online – Note: Recent developments in the political geography of West Asia, from rising tensions in the Persian Gulf to missile and drone activities in the Red Sea and the recent warning by Kaja Kallas, the European Union’s foreign policy chief, regarding the threat to freedom of navigation, indicate a key pattern shift; the US-Iran war has moved beyond the scope of a regional and local confrontation and has linked two vital passageways for the global economy: the Strait of Hormuz and the Bab el-Mandeb Strait.
SCFR Online – Opinion: The Ukraine war was not merely a European crisis, but rather the starting point for the rearrangement of the global balance of power and a shift in the strategic behavior of great powers.
SCFR Online – Opinion: Great power competition is now pursued more in trade, currency, technology, and global supply chains than on the battlefields of military confrontation.
Strategic Council Online– Note: In recent weeks, the warmth of relations between Trump and Netanyahu has been questioned, and it seems that the two sides have had significant disagreements regarding the mechanisms for dealing with sensitive issues and challenges in the region, especially Iran, Hamas, Gaza, and Yemen.
Strategic Council Online – Opinion: It would be simplistic if the verbal tensions between Biden and Netanyahu were interpreted as tensions in the relations between the US and the Zionist regime. Such an interpretation of Biden’s statements is incorrect and contrary to the facts governing their “strategic relations.”
Barsam Mohammadi – Expert on regional affairs
Strategic Council Online – Interview: An expert on Israeli affairs said that the majority of American Jews are inclined towards Democrats with liberal views and would not tolerate the Israeli government act in such a right-leaning, extremist and pseudo-fascist manner. He added: The United States will be worried when the governments that work within the framework of laying the foundations for the normalization of relations, because of Israel’s extremist measures, go towards tension with Tel Aviv.
SCFR Online – Opinion: On Friday, August 7, the heads of state of three countries – Saudi Arabia, Turkey, and Pakistan – signed a text under the title “Makkah Joint Defense Agreement.”
Strategic Council Online – Note: The initiative to revive the Hejaz Railway, beyond being a transportation project, constitutes an attempt to redefine geopolitics, the economy, and Turkey’s regional position; however, its realization appears to face significant financial, security, and institutional challenges.
SCFR Online – Opinion: The Strait of Hormuz crisis is no longer merely the consequence of a military confrontation, but rather a sign of the transition from the US-centered maritime order to a new energy security structure involving the participation of emerging and influential powers.
SCFR Online – Opinion: Iran’s active deterrence strategy, while increasing the costs of US intervention, has increasingly exposed the hidden rifts between Washington’s interests and those of the Israeli regime.
SCFR Online – Opinion: The escalation of verbal and strategic tensions between Turkey and the Israeli regime, although not increasing the likelihood of direct war, indicates the formation of a new order in West Asian geopolitical rivalries.
Strategic Council Online – Note: Recent developments in the political geography of West Asia, from rising tensions in the Persian Gulf to missile and drone activities in the Red Sea and the recent warning by Kaja Kallas, the European Union’s foreign policy chief, regarding the threat to freedom of navigation, indicate a key pattern shift; the US-Iran war has moved beyond the scope of a regional and local confrontation and has linked two vital passageways for the global economy: the Strait of Hormuz and the Bab el-Mandeb Strait.
SCFR Online – Opinion: The Ukraine war was not merely a European crisis, but rather the starting point for the rearrangement of the global balance of power and a shift in the strategic behavior of great powers.
SCFR Online – Opinion: Great power competition is now pursued more in trade, currency, technology, and global supply chains than on the battlefields of military confrontation.
Strategic Council Online– Note: In recent weeks, the warmth of relations between Trump and Netanyahu has been questioned, and it seems that the two sides have had significant disagreements regarding the mechanisms for dealing with sensitive issues and challenges in the region, especially Iran, Hamas, Gaza, and Yemen.
Strategic Council Online – Opinion: It would be simplistic if the verbal tensions between Biden and Netanyahu were interpreted as tensions in the relations between the US and the Zionist regime. Such an interpretation of Biden’s statements is incorrect and contrary to the facts governing their “strategic relations.”
Barsam Mohammadi – Expert on regional affairs
Strategic Council Online – Interview: An expert on Israeli affairs said that the majority of American Jews are inclined towards Democrats with liberal views and would not tolerate the Israeli government act in such a right-leaning, extremist and pseudo-fascist manner. He added: The United States will be worried when the governments that work within the framework of laying the foundations for the normalization of relations, because of Israel’s extremist measures, go towards tension with Tel Aviv.
SCFR Online – Opinion: On Friday, August 7, the heads of state of three countries – Saudi Arabia, Turkey, and Pakistan – signed a text under the title “Makkah Joint Defense Agreement.”
Strategic Council Online – Note: The initiative to revive the Hejaz Railway, beyond being a transportation project, constitutes an attempt to redefine geopolitics, the economy, and Turkey’s regional position; however, its realization appears to face significant financial, security, and institutional challenges.
SCFR Online – Opinion: The Strait of Hormuz crisis is no longer merely the consequence of a military confrontation, but rather a sign of the transition from the US-centered maritime order to a new energy security structure involving the participation of emerging and influential powers.
SCFR Online – Opinion: Iran’s active deterrence strategy, while increasing the costs of US intervention, has increasingly exposed the hidden rifts between Washington’s interests and those of the Israeli regime.
SCFR Online – Opinion: The escalation of verbal and strategic tensions between Turkey and the Israeli regime, although not increasing the likelihood of direct war, indicates the formation of a new order in West Asian geopolitical rivalries.
Strategic Council Online – Note: Recent developments in the political geography of West Asia, from rising tensions in the Persian Gulf to missile and drone activities in the Red Sea and the recent warning by Kaja Kallas, the European Union’s foreign policy chief, regarding the threat to freedom of navigation, indicate a key pattern shift; the US-Iran war has moved beyond the scope of a regional and local confrontation and has linked two vital passageways for the global economy: the Strait of Hormuz and the Bab el-Mandeb Strait.
SCFR Online – Opinion: The Ukraine war was not merely a European crisis, but rather the starting point for the rearrangement of the global balance of power and a shift in the strategic behavior of great powers.
SCFR Online – Opinion: Great power competition is now pursued more in trade, currency, technology, and global supply chains than on the battlefields of military confrontation.
Strategic Council Online– Note: In recent weeks, the warmth of relations between Trump and Netanyahu has been questioned, and it seems that the two sides have had significant disagreements regarding the mechanisms for dealing with sensitive issues and challenges in the region, especially Iran, Hamas, Gaza, and Yemen.
Strategic Council Online – Opinion: It would be simplistic if the verbal tensions between Biden and Netanyahu were interpreted as tensions in the relations between the US and the Zionist regime. Such an interpretation of Biden’s statements is incorrect and contrary to the facts governing their “strategic relations.”
Barsam Mohammadi – Expert on regional affairs
Strategic Council Online – Interview: An expert on Israeli affairs said that the majority of American Jews are inclined towards Democrats with liberal views and would not tolerate the Israeli government act in such a right-leaning, extremist and pseudo-fascist manner. He added: The United States will be worried when the governments that work within the framework of laying the foundations for the normalization of relations, because of Israel’s extremist measures, go towards tension with Tel Aviv.
SCFR Online – Opinion: On Friday, August 7, the heads of state of three countries – Saudi Arabia, Turkey, and Pakistan – signed a text under the title “Makkah Joint Defense Agreement.”
Strategic Council Online – Note: The initiative to revive the Hejaz Railway, beyond being a transportation project, constitutes an attempt to redefine geopolitics, the economy, and Turkey’s regional position; however, its realization appears to face significant financial, security, and institutional challenges.
SCFR Online – Opinion: The Strait of Hormuz crisis is no longer merely the consequence of a military confrontation, but rather a sign of the transition from the US-centered maritime order to a new energy security structure involving the participation of emerging and influential powers.
SCFR Online – Opinion: Iran’s active deterrence strategy, while increasing the costs of US intervention, has increasingly exposed the hidden rifts between Washington’s interests and those of the Israeli regime.
SCFR Online – Opinion: The escalation of verbal and strategic tensions between Turkey and the Israeli regime, although not increasing the likelihood of direct war, indicates the formation of a new order in West Asian geopolitical rivalries.
Strategic Council Online – Note: Recent developments in the political geography of West Asia, from rising tensions in the Persian Gulf to missile and drone activities in the Red Sea and the recent warning by Kaja Kallas, the European Union’s foreign policy chief, regarding the threat to freedom of navigation, indicate a key pattern shift; the US-Iran war has moved beyond the scope of a regional and local confrontation and has linked two vital passageways for the global economy: the Strait of Hormuz and the Bab el-Mandeb Strait.
SCFR Online – Opinion: The Ukraine war was not merely a European crisis, but rather the starting point for the rearrangement of the global balance of power and a shift in the strategic behavior of great powers.
SCFR Online – Opinion: Great power competition is now pursued more in trade, currency, technology, and global supply chains than on the battlefields of military confrontation.
Strategic Council Online– Note: In recent weeks, the warmth of relations between Trump and Netanyahu has been questioned, and it seems that the two sides have had significant disagreements regarding the mechanisms for dealing with sensitive issues and challenges in the region, especially Iran, Hamas, Gaza, and Yemen.
Strategic Council Online – Opinion: It would be simplistic if the verbal tensions between Biden and Netanyahu were interpreted as tensions in the relations between the US and the Zionist regime. Such an interpretation of Biden’s statements is incorrect and contrary to the facts governing their “strategic relations.”
Barsam Mohammadi – Expert on regional affairs
Strategic Council Online – Interview: An expert on Israeli affairs said that the majority of American Jews are inclined towards Democrats with liberal views and would not tolerate the Israeli government act in such a right-leaning, extremist and pseudo-fascist manner. He added: The United States will be worried when the governments that work within the framework of laying the foundations for the normalization of relations, because of Israel’s extremist measures, go towards tension with Tel Aviv.
SCFR Online – Opinion: On Friday, August 7, the heads of state of three countries – Saudi Arabia, Turkey, and Pakistan – signed a text under the title “Makkah Joint Defense Agreement.”
Strategic Council Online – Note: The initiative to revive the Hejaz Railway, beyond being a transportation project, constitutes an attempt to redefine geopolitics, the economy, and Turkey’s regional position; however, its realization appears to face significant financial, security, and institutional challenges.
SCFR Online – Opinion: The Strait of Hormuz crisis is no longer merely the consequence of a military confrontation, but rather a sign of the transition from the US-centered maritime order to a new energy security structure involving the participation of emerging and influential powers.
SCFR Online – Opinion: Iran’s active deterrence strategy, while increasing the costs of US intervention, has increasingly exposed the hidden rifts between Washington’s interests and those of the Israeli regime.
SCFR Online – Opinion: The escalation of verbal and strategic tensions between Turkey and the Israeli regime, although not increasing the likelihood of direct war, indicates the formation of a new order in West Asian geopolitical rivalries.
Strategic Council Online – Note: Recent developments in the political geography of West Asia, from rising tensions in the Persian Gulf to missile and drone activities in the Red Sea and the recent warning by Kaja Kallas, the European Union’s foreign policy chief, regarding the threat to freedom of navigation, indicate a key pattern shift; the US-Iran war has moved beyond the scope of a regional and local confrontation and has linked two vital passageways for the global economy: the Strait of Hormuz and the Bab el-Mandeb Strait.
SCFR Online – Opinion: The Ukraine war was not merely a European crisis, but rather the starting point for the rearrangement of the global balance of power and a shift in the strategic behavior of great powers.
SCFR Online – Opinion: Great power competition is now pursued more in trade, currency, technology, and global supply chains than on the battlefields of military confrontation.