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The Makkah Pact Under scrutiny; From the “Deterrence Dilemma” to the “Risk of Disrupting Security”

SCFR Online – Opinion: The Makkah Pact, signed on August 7, 2026, between Saudi Arabia, Turkey, and Pakistan, is more than an answer to geopolitical vacuums; in practice, it faces a “deterrence dilemma” and “differing threat perception.” While this pact symbolizes a transition toward regional self-reliance, its first field tests and the complexities of relations with regional actors will determine its real meaning.

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African continent

Africa, Field of US-China Geopolitical Rivalry

Africa, Field of US-China Geopolitical Rivalry

Strategic Council Online – Opinion: In December, a several-day joint conference was held in Washington with the participation of 49 African countries. The purpose of this conference was to discuss common priorities as well as how to develop relations between the United States and African countries.
Hossein Sayyahi- Researcher on international politics

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The Makkah Pact Under scrutiny; From the “Deterrence Dilemma” to the “Risk of Disrupting Security”

SCFR Online – Opinion: The Makkah Pact, signed on August 7, 2026, between Saudi Arabia, Turkey, and Pakistan, is more than an answer to geopolitical vacuums; in practice, it faces a “deterrence dilemma” and “differing threat perception.” While this pact symbolizes a transition toward regional self-reliance, its first field tests and the complexities of relations with regional actors will determine its real meaning.

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African continent

Africa, Field of US-China Geopolitical Rivalry

Africa, Field of US-China Geopolitical Rivalry

Strategic Council Online – Opinion: In December, a several-day joint conference was held in Washington with the participation of 49 African countries. The purpose of this conference was to discuss common priorities as well as how to develop relations between the United States and African countries.
Hossein Sayyahi- Researcher on international politics

African continent

Africa, Field of US-China Geopolitical Rivalry

Africa, Field of US-China Geopolitical Rivalry

Strategic Council Online – Opinion: In December, a several-day joint conference was held in Washington with the participation of 49 African countries. The purpose of this conference was to discuss common priorities as well as how to develop relations between the United States and African countries.
Hossein Sayyahi- Researcher on international politics

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The Makkah Pact Under scrutiny; From the “Deterrence Dilemma” to the “Risk of Disrupting Security”

SCFR Online – Opinion: The Makkah Pact, signed on August 7, 2026, between Saudi Arabia, Turkey, and Pakistan, is more than an answer to geopolitical vacuums; in practice, it faces a “deterrence dilemma” and “differing threat perception.” While this pact symbolizes a transition toward regional self-reliance, its first field tests and the complexities of relations with regional actors will determine its real meaning.

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African continent

Africa, Field of US-China Geopolitical Rivalry

Africa, Field of US-China Geopolitical Rivalry

Strategic Council Online – Opinion: In December, a several-day joint conference was held in Washington with the participation of 49 African countries. The purpose of this conference was to discuss common priorities as well as how to develop relations between the United States and African countries.
Hossein Sayyahi- Researcher on international politics

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The Makkah Pact Under scrutiny; From the “Deterrence Dilemma” to the “Risk of Disrupting Security”

SCFR Online – Opinion: The Makkah Pact, signed on August 7, 2026, between Saudi Arabia, Turkey, and Pakistan, is more than an answer to geopolitical vacuums; in practice, it faces a “deterrence dilemma” and “differing threat perception.” While this pact symbolizes a transition toward regional self-reliance, its first field tests and the complexities of relations with regional actors will determine its real meaning.

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African continent

Africa, Field of US-China Geopolitical Rivalry

Africa, Field of US-China Geopolitical Rivalry

Strategic Council Online – Opinion: In December, a several-day joint conference was held in Washington with the participation of 49 African countries. The purpose of this conference was to discuss common priorities as well as how to develop relations between the United States and African countries.
Hossein Sayyahi- Researcher on international politics

ÚLTIMAS PUBLICACIONES

The Makkah Pact Under scrutiny; From the “Deterrence Dilemma” to the “Risk of Disrupting Security”

SCFR Online – Opinion: The Makkah Pact, signed on August 7, 2026, between Saudi Arabia, Turkey, and Pakistan, is more than an answer to geopolitical vacuums; in practice, it faces a “deterrence dilemma” and “differing threat perception.” While this pact symbolizes a transition toward regional self-reliance, its first field tests and the complexities of relations with regional actors will determine its real meaning.

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African continent

Africa, Field of US-China Geopolitical Rivalry

Africa, Field of US-China Geopolitical Rivalry

Strategic Council Online – Opinion: In December, a several-day joint conference was held in Washington with the participation of 49 African countries. The purpose of this conference was to discuss common priorities as well as how to develop relations between the United States and African countries.
Hossein Sayyahi- Researcher on international politics

ÚLTIMAS PUBLICACIONES

The Makkah Pact Under scrutiny; From the “Deterrence Dilemma” to the “Risk of Disrupting Security”

SCFR Online – Opinion: The Makkah Pact, signed on August 7, 2026, between Saudi Arabia, Turkey, and Pakistan, is more than an answer to geopolitical vacuums; in practice, it faces a “deterrence dilemma” and “differing threat perception.” While this pact symbolizes a transition toward regional self-reliance, its first field tests and the complexities of relations with regional actors will determine its real meaning.

Loading

African continent

Africa, Field of US-China Geopolitical Rivalry

Africa, Field of US-China Geopolitical Rivalry

Strategic Council Online – Opinion: In December, a several-day joint conference was held in Washington with the participation of 49 African countries. The purpose of this conference was to discuss common priorities as well as how to develop relations between the United States and African countries.
Hossein Sayyahi- Researcher on international politics

ÚLTIMAS PUBLICACIONES

The Makkah Pact Under scrutiny; From the “Deterrence Dilemma” to the “Risk of Disrupting Security”

SCFR Online – Opinion: The Makkah Pact, signed on August 7, 2026, between Saudi Arabia, Turkey, and Pakistan, is more than an answer to geopolitical vacuums; in practice, it faces a “deterrence dilemma” and “differing threat perception.” While this pact symbolizes a transition toward regional self-reliance, its first field tests and the complexities of relations with regional actors will determine its real meaning.

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