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The Makkah Pact Under scrutiny; From the “Deterrence Dilemma” to the “Risk of Disrupting Security”

SCFR Online – Opinion: The Makkah Pact, signed on August 7, 2026, between Saudi Arabia, Turkey, and Pakistan, is more than an answer to geopolitical vacuums; in practice, it faces a “deterrence dilemma” and “differing threat perception.” While this pact symbolizes a transition toward regional self-reliance, its first field tests and the complexities of relations with regional actors will determine its real meaning.

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Germany’s “New Defense Policy Guidelines”

Germany’s “New Defense Policy Guidelines”: Return of Germanic People to Age of Militarism?

Germany’s “New Defense Policy Guidelines”: Return of Germanic People to Age of Militarism?

Strategic Council Online – Opinion: For the first time in more than a decade, Germany issued its “new defense policy guidelines,” and “Boris Pistorius,” the German Minister of Defense, asked the pillars of his country to be “ready for a war” and “capable of defense.” He has pledged to strengthen the army to become the backbone of European deterrence and collective defense.
Hamideh Safamanesh – International relations researcher

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The Makkah Pact Under scrutiny; From the “Deterrence Dilemma” to the “Risk of Disrupting Security”

SCFR Online – Opinion: The Makkah Pact, signed on August 7, 2026, between Saudi Arabia, Turkey, and Pakistan, is more than an answer to geopolitical vacuums; in practice, it faces a “deterrence dilemma” and “differing threat perception.” While this pact symbolizes a transition toward regional self-reliance, its first field tests and the complexities of relations with regional actors will determine its real meaning.

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Germany’s “New Defense Policy Guidelines”

Germany’s “New Defense Policy Guidelines”: Return of Germanic People to Age of Militarism?

Germany’s “New Defense Policy Guidelines”: Return of Germanic People to Age of Militarism?

Strategic Council Online – Opinion: For the first time in more than a decade, Germany issued its “new defense policy guidelines,” and “Boris Pistorius,” the German Minister of Defense, asked the pillars of his country to be “ready for a war” and “capable of defense.” He has pledged to strengthen the army to become the backbone of European deterrence and collective defense.
Hamideh Safamanesh – International relations researcher

Germany’s “New Defense Policy Guidelines”

Germany’s “New Defense Policy Guidelines”: Return of Germanic People to Age of Militarism?

Germany’s “New Defense Policy Guidelines”: Return of Germanic People to Age of Militarism?

Strategic Council Online – Opinion: For the first time in more than a decade, Germany issued its “new defense policy guidelines,” and “Boris Pistorius,” the German Minister of Defense, asked the pillars of his country to be “ready for a war” and “capable of defense.” He has pledged to strengthen the army to become the backbone of European deterrence and collective defense.
Hamideh Safamanesh – International relations researcher

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The Makkah Pact Under scrutiny; From the “Deterrence Dilemma” to the “Risk of Disrupting Security”

SCFR Online – Opinion: The Makkah Pact, signed on August 7, 2026, between Saudi Arabia, Turkey, and Pakistan, is more than an answer to geopolitical vacuums; in practice, it faces a “deterrence dilemma” and “differing threat perception.” While this pact symbolizes a transition toward regional self-reliance, its first field tests and the complexities of relations with regional actors will determine its real meaning.

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Germany’s “New Defense Policy Guidelines”

Germany’s “New Defense Policy Guidelines”: Return of Germanic People to Age of Militarism?

Germany’s “New Defense Policy Guidelines”: Return of Germanic People to Age of Militarism?

Strategic Council Online – Opinion: For the first time in more than a decade, Germany issued its “new defense policy guidelines,” and “Boris Pistorius,” the German Minister of Defense, asked the pillars of his country to be “ready for a war” and “capable of defense.” He has pledged to strengthen the army to become the backbone of European deterrence and collective defense.
Hamideh Safamanesh – International relations researcher

ÚLTIMAS PUBLICACIONES

The Makkah Pact Under scrutiny; From the “Deterrence Dilemma” to the “Risk of Disrupting Security”

SCFR Online – Opinion: The Makkah Pact, signed on August 7, 2026, between Saudi Arabia, Turkey, and Pakistan, is more than an answer to geopolitical vacuums; in practice, it faces a “deterrence dilemma” and “differing threat perception.” While this pact symbolizes a transition toward regional self-reliance, its first field tests and the complexities of relations with regional actors will determine its real meaning.

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Germany’s “New Defense Policy Guidelines”

Germany’s “New Defense Policy Guidelines”: Return of Germanic People to Age of Militarism?

Germany’s “New Defense Policy Guidelines”: Return of Germanic People to Age of Militarism?

Strategic Council Online – Opinion: For the first time in more than a decade, Germany issued its “new defense policy guidelines,” and “Boris Pistorius,” the German Minister of Defense, asked the pillars of his country to be “ready for a war” and “capable of defense.” He has pledged to strengthen the army to become the backbone of European deterrence and collective defense.
Hamideh Safamanesh – International relations researcher

ÚLTIMAS PUBLICACIONES

The Makkah Pact Under scrutiny; From the “Deterrence Dilemma” to the “Risk of Disrupting Security”

SCFR Online – Opinion: The Makkah Pact, signed on August 7, 2026, between Saudi Arabia, Turkey, and Pakistan, is more than an answer to geopolitical vacuums; in practice, it faces a “deterrence dilemma” and “differing threat perception.” While this pact symbolizes a transition toward regional self-reliance, its first field tests and the complexities of relations with regional actors will determine its real meaning.

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Germany’s “New Defense Policy Guidelines”

Germany’s “New Defense Policy Guidelines”: Return of Germanic People to Age of Militarism?

Germany’s “New Defense Policy Guidelines”: Return of Germanic People to Age of Militarism?

Strategic Council Online – Opinion: For the first time in more than a decade, Germany issued its “new defense policy guidelines,” and “Boris Pistorius,” the German Minister of Defense, asked the pillars of his country to be “ready for a war” and “capable of defense.” He has pledged to strengthen the army to become the backbone of European deterrence and collective defense.
Hamideh Safamanesh – International relations researcher

ÚLTIMAS PUBLICACIONES

The Makkah Pact Under scrutiny; From the “Deterrence Dilemma” to the “Risk of Disrupting Security”

SCFR Online – Opinion: The Makkah Pact, signed on August 7, 2026, between Saudi Arabia, Turkey, and Pakistan, is more than an answer to geopolitical vacuums; in practice, it faces a “deterrence dilemma” and “differing threat perception.” While this pact symbolizes a transition toward regional self-reliance, its first field tests and the complexities of relations with regional actors will determine its real meaning.

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Germany’s “New Defense Policy Guidelines”

Germany’s “New Defense Policy Guidelines”: Return of Germanic People to Age of Militarism?

Germany’s “New Defense Policy Guidelines”: Return of Germanic People to Age of Militarism?

Strategic Council Online – Opinion: For the first time in more than a decade, Germany issued its “new defense policy guidelines,” and “Boris Pistorius,” the German Minister of Defense, asked the pillars of his country to be “ready for a war” and “capable of defense.” He has pledged to strengthen the army to become the backbone of European deterrence and collective defense.
Hamideh Safamanesh – International relations researcher

ÚLTIMAS PUBLICACIONES

The Makkah Pact Under scrutiny; From the “Deterrence Dilemma” to the “Risk of Disrupting Security”

SCFR Online – Opinion: The Makkah Pact, signed on August 7, 2026, between Saudi Arabia, Turkey, and Pakistan, is more than an answer to geopolitical vacuums; in practice, it faces a “deterrence dilemma” and “differing threat perception.” While this pact symbolizes a transition toward regional self-reliance, its first field tests and the complexities of relations with regional actors will determine its real meaning.

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