SCFR Online – Interview: The signing of the Makkah agreement between Saudi Arabia, Pakistan, and Turkey has raised questions about the future of the region’s security structure and the position of these countries in West Asian equations. Can this agreement become a genuine collective defense mechanism, or does it have more of a political and deterrent function than creating new military capacity?
SCFR Online – Opinion: The continuation of the US war against Iran, in addition to increasing operational costs, has called into question the actual capacity of the American arsenal to simultaneously fulfill security commitments on multiple fronts; an issue that affects deterrence, defense production capacity, and Washington’s resource prioritization.
SCFR Online – Opinion: The Russia-Ukraine war and the war of the United States and the Israeli regime against Iran have been formed with different objectives and actors, but field and political developments indicate that they are not entirely separate from one another.
SCFR Online – Opinion: On Friday, August 7, the heads of state of three countries – Saudi Arabia, Turkey, and Pakistan – signed a text under the title “Makkah Joint Defense Agreement.”
Strategic Council Online – Note: The initiative to revive the Hejaz Railway, beyond being a transportation project, constitutes an attempt to redefine geopolitics, the economy, and Turkey’s regional position; however, its realization appears to face significant financial, security, and institutional challenges.
SCFR Online – Opinion: The Strait of Hormuz crisis is no longer merely the consequence of a military confrontation, but rather a sign of the transition from the US-centered maritime order to a new energy security structure involving the participation of emerging and influential powers.
SCFR Online – Opinion: Iran’s active deterrence strategy, while increasing the costs of US intervention, has increasingly exposed the hidden rifts between Washington’s interests and those of the Israeli regime.
SCFR Online – Opinion: The escalation of verbal and strategic tensions between Turkey and the Israeli regime, although not increasing the likelihood of direct war, indicates the formation of a new order in West Asian geopolitical rivalries.
Strategic Council Online – Since the plan for the 25-year comprehensive cooperation was sketched between Iran and China in Dey 1394 (December 2015), following the visit of President Xi Jinping and Foreign Minister Wang Yi of China to the Middle East and signing of the cooperation plan document in Farvardin1400 (March/April) 2021), the issue of promoting Iran-China relations has been the focus of national and international scientific-political circles. The existence of differences, conflicting views, and various political and economic analyses from the very beginning of this document indicates that a clear understanding of the nature of this cooperation, the scope of activities, and its positive or negative consequences have not yet been achieved. In order to understand the consequences of signing a 25-year comprehensive cooperation document for domestic and international observers, it is necessary to take a brief look at the structural changes in the international system, regional developments, and Iran’s domestic policies.
Fatemeh Mahrough – Assistant Professor of International Relations, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad
SCFR Online – Interview: The signing of the Makkah agreement between Saudi Arabia, Pakistan, and Turkey has raised questions about the future of the region’s security structure and the position of these countries in West Asian equations. Can this agreement become a genuine collective defense mechanism, or does it have more of a political and deterrent function than creating new military capacity?
SCFR Online – Opinion: The continuation of the US war against Iran, in addition to increasing operational costs, has called into question the actual capacity of the American arsenal to simultaneously fulfill security commitments on multiple fronts; an issue that affects deterrence, defense production capacity, and Washington’s resource prioritization.
SCFR Online – Opinion: The Russia-Ukraine war and the war of the United States and the Israeli regime against Iran have been formed with different objectives and actors, but field and political developments indicate that they are not entirely separate from one another.
SCFR Online – Opinion: On Friday, August 7, the heads of state of three countries – Saudi Arabia, Turkey, and Pakistan – signed a text under the title “Makkah Joint Defense Agreement.”
Strategic Council Online – Note: The initiative to revive the Hejaz Railway, beyond being a transportation project, constitutes an attempt to redefine geopolitics, the economy, and Turkey’s regional position; however, its realization appears to face significant financial, security, and institutional challenges.
SCFR Online – Opinion: The Strait of Hormuz crisis is no longer merely the consequence of a military confrontation, but rather a sign of the transition from the US-centered maritime order to a new energy security structure involving the participation of emerging and influential powers.
SCFR Online – Opinion: Iran’s active deterrence strategy, while increasing the costs of US intervention, has increasingly exposed the hidden rifts between Washington’s interests and those of the Israeli regime.
SCFR Online – Opinion: The escalation of verbal and strategic tensions between Turkey and the Israeli regime, although not increasing the likelihood of direct war, indicates the formation of a new order in West Asian geopolitical rivalries.
Strategic Council Online – Since the plan for the 25-year comprehensive cooperation was sketched between Iran and China in Dey 1394 (December 2015), following the visit of President Xi Jinping and Foreign Minister Wang Yi of China to the Middle East and signing of the cooperation plan document in Farvardin1400 (March/April) 2021), the issue of promoting Iran-China relations has been the focus of national and international scientific-political circles. The existence of differences, conflicting views, and various political and economic analyses from the very beginning of this document indicates that a clear understanding of the nature of this cooperation, the scope of activities, and its positive or negative consequences have not yet been achieved. In order to understand the consequences of signing a 25-year comprehensive cooperation document for domestic and international observers, it is necessary to take a brief look at the structural changes in the international system, regional developments, and Iran’s domestic policies.
Fatemeh Mahrough – Assistant Professor of International Relations, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad
Strategic Council Online – Since the plan for the 25-year comprehensive cooperation was sketched between Iran and China in Dey 1394 (December 2015), following the visit of President Xi Jinping and Foreign Minister Wang Yi of China to the Middle East and signing of the cooperation plan document in Farvardin1400 (March/April) 2021), the issue of promoting Iran-China relations has been the focus of national and international scientific-political circles. The existence of differences, conflicting views, and various political and economic analyses from the very beginning of this document indicates that a clear understanding of the nature of this cooperation, the scope of activities, and its positive or negative consequences have not yet been achieved. In order to understand the consequences of signing a 25-year comprehensive cooperation document for domestic and international observers, it is necessary to take a brief look at the structural changes in the international system, regional developments, and Iran’s domestic policies.
Fatemeh Mahrough – Assistant Professor of International Relations, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad
SCFR Online – Interview: The signing of the Makkah agreement between Saudi Arabia, Pakistan, and Turkey has raised questions about the future of the region’s security structure and the position of these countries in West Asian equations. Can this agreement become a genuine collective defense mechanism, or does it have more of a political and deterrent function than creating new military capacity?
SCFR Online – Opinion: The continuation of the US war against Iran, in addition to increasing operational costs, has called into question the actual capacity of the American arsenal to simultaneously fulfill security commitments on multiple fronts; an issue that affects deterrence, defense production capacity, and Washington’s resource prioritization.
SCFR Online – Opinion: The Russia-Ukraine war and the war of the United States and the Israeli regime against Iran have been formed with different objectives and actors, but field and political developments indicate that they are not entirely separate from one another.
SCFR Online – Opinion: On Friday, August 7, the heads of state of three countries – Saudi Arabia, Turkey, and Pakistan – signed a text under the title “Makkah Joint Defense Agreement.”
Strategic Council Online – Note: The initiative to revive the Hejaz Railway, beyond being a transportation project, constitutes an attempt to redefine geopolitics, the economy, and Turkey’s regional position; however, its realization appears to face significant financial, security, and institutional challenges.
SCFR Online – Opinion: The Strait of Hormuz crisis is no longer merely the consequence of a military confrontation, but rather a sign of the transition from the US-centered maritime order to a new energy security structure involving the participation of emerging and influential powers.
SCFR Online – Opinion: Iran’s active deterrence strategy, while increasing the costs of US intervention, has increasingly exposed the hidden rifts between Washington’s interests and those of the Israeli regime.
SCFR Online – Opinion: The escalation of verbal and strategic tensions between Turkey and the Israeli regime, although not increasing the likelihood of direct war, indicates the formation of a new order in West Asian geopolitical rivalries.
Strategic Council Online – Since the plan for the 25-year comprehensive cooperation was sketched between Iran and China in Dey 1394 (December 2015), following the visit of President Xi Jinping and Foreign Minister Wang Yi of China to the Middle East and signing of the cooperation plan document in Farvardin1400 (March/April) 2021), the issue of promoting Iran-China relations has been the focus of national and international scientific-political circles. The existence of differences, conflicting views, and various political and economic analyses from the very beginning of this document indicates that a clear understanding of the nature of this cooperation, the scope of activities, and its positive or negative consequences have not yet been achieved. In order to understand the consequences of signing a 25-year comprehensive cooperation document for domestic and international observers, it is necessary to take a brief look at the structural changes in the international system, regional developments, and Iran’s domestic policies.
Fatemeh Mahrough – Assistant Professor of International Relations, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad
SCFR Online – Interview: The signing of the Makkah agreement between Saudi Arabia, Pakistan, and Turkey has raised questions about the future of the region’s security structure and the position of these countries in West Asian equations. Can this agreement become a genuine collective defense mechanism, or does it have more of a political and deterrent function than creating new military capacity?
SCFR Online – Opinion: The continuation of the US war against Iran, in addition to increasing operational costs, has called into question the actual capacity of the American arsenal to simultaneously fulfill security commitments on multiple fronts; an issue that affects deterrence, defense production capacity, and Washington’s resource prioritization.
SCFR Online – Opinion: The Russia-Ukraine war and the war of the United States and the Israeli regime against Iran have been formed with different objectives and actors, but field and political developments indicate that they are not entirely separate from one another.
SCFR Online – Opinion: On Friday, August 7, the heads of state of three countries – Saudi Arabia, Turkey, and Pakistan – signed a text under the title “Makkah Joint Defense Agreement.”
Strategic Council Online – Note: The initiative to revive the Hejaz Railway, beyond being a transportation project, constitutes an attempt to redefine geopolitics, the economy, and Turkey’s regional position; however, its realization appears to face significant financial, security, and institutional challenges.
SCFR Online – Opinion: The Strait of Hormuz crisis is no longer merely the consequence of a military confrontation, but rather a sign of the transition from the US-centered maritime order to a new energy security structure involving the participation of emerging and influential powers.
SCFR Online – Opinion: Iran’s active deterrence strategy, while increasing the costs of US intervention, has increasingly exposed the hidden rifts between Washington’s interests and those of the Israeli regime.
SCFR Online – Opinion: The escalation of verbal and strategic tensions between Turkey and the Israeli regime, although not increasing the likelihood of direct war, indicates the formation of a new order in West Asian geopolitical rivalries.
Strategic Council Online – Since the plan for the 25-year comprehensive cooperation was sketched between Iran and China in Dey 1394 (December 2015), following the visit of President Xi Jinping and Foreign Minister Wang Yi of China to the Middle East and signing of the cooperation plan document in Farvardin1400 (March/April) 2021), the issue of promoting Iran-China relations has been the focus of national and international scientific-political circles. The existence of differences, conflicting views, and various political and economic analyses from the very beginning of this document indicates that a clear understanding of the nature of this cooperation, the scope of activities, and its positive or negative consequences have not yet been achieved. In order to understand the consequences of signing a 25-year comprehensive cooperation document for domestic and international observers, it is necessary to take a brief look at the structural changes in the international system, regional developments, and Iran’s domestic policies.
Fatemeh Mahrough – Assistant Professor of International Relations, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad
SCFR Online – Interview: The signing of the Makkah agreement between Saudi Arabia, Pakistan, and Turkey has raised questions about the future of the region’s security structure and the position of these countries in West Asian equations. Can this agreement become a genuine collective defense mechanism, or does it have more of a political and deterrent function than creating new military capacity?
SCFR Online – Opinion: The continuation of the US war against Iran, in addition to increasing operational costs, has called into question the actual capacity of the American arsenal to simultaneously fulfill security commitments on multiple fronts; an issue that affects deterrence, defense production capacity, and Washington’s resource prioritization.
SCFR Online – Opinion: The Russia-Ukraine war and the war of the United States and the Israeli regime against Iran have been formed with different objectives and actors, but field and political developments indicate that they are not entirely separate from one another.
SCFR Online – Opinion: On Friday, August 7, the heads of state of three countries – Saudi Arabia, Turkey, and Pakistan – signed a text under the title “Makkah Joint Defense Agreement.”
Strategic Council Online – Note: The initiative to revive the Hejaz Railway, beyond being a transportation project, constitutes an attempt to redefine geopolitics, the economy, and Turkey’s regional position; however, its realization appears to face significant financial, security, and institutional challenges.
SCFR Online – Opinion: The Strait of Hormuz crisis is no longer merely the consequence of a military confrontation, but rather a sign of the transition from the US-centered maritime order to a new energy security structure involving the participation of emerging and influential powers.
SCFR Online – Opinion: Iran’s active deterrence strategy, while increasing the costs of US intervention, has increasingly exposed the hidden rifts between Washington’s interests and those of the Israeli regime.
SCFR Online – Opinion: The escalation of verbal and strategic tensions between Turkey and the Israeli regime, although not increasing the likelihood of direct war, indicates the formation of a new order in West Asian geopolitical rivalries.
Strategic Council Online – Since the plan for the 25-year comprehensive cooperation was sketched between Iran and China in Dey 1394 (December 2015), following the visit of President Xi Jinping and Foreign Minister Wang Yi of China to the Middle East and signing of the cooperation plan document in Farvardin1400 (March/April) 2021), the issue of promoting Iran-China relations has been the focus of national and international scientific-political circles. The existence of differences, conflicting views, and various political and economic analyses from the very beginning of this document indicates that a clear understanding of the nature of this cooperation, the scope of activities, and its positive or negative consequences have not yet been achieved. In order to understand the consequences of signing a 25-year comprehensive cooperation document for domestic and international observers, it is necessary to take a brief look at the structural changes in the international system, regional developments, and Iran’s domestic policies.
Fatemeh Mahrough – Assistant Professor of International Relations, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad
SCFR Online – Interview: The signing of the Makkah agreement between Saudi Arabia, Pakistan, and Turkey has raised questions about the future of the region’s security structure and the position of these countries in West Asian equations. Can this agreement become a genuine collective defense mechanism, or does it have more of a political and deterrent function than creating new military capacity?
SCFR Online – Opinion: The continuation of the US war against Iran, in addition to increasing operational costs, has called into question the actual capacity of the American arsenal to simultaneously fulfill security commitments on multiple fronts; an issue that affects deterrence, defense production capacity, and Washington’s resource prioritization.
SCFR Online – Opinion: The Russia-Ukraine war and the war of the United States and the Israeli regime against Iran have been formed with different objectives and actors, but field and political developments indicate that they are not entirely separate from one another.
SCFR Online – Opinion: On Friday, August 7, the heads of state of three countries – Saudi Arabia, Turkey, and Pakistan – signed a text under the title “Makkah Joint Defense Agreement.”
Strategic Council Online – Note: The initiative to revive the Hejaz Railway, beyond being a transportation project, constitutes an attempt to redefine geopolitics, the economy, and Turkey’s regional position; however, its realization appears to face significant financial, security, and institutional challenges.
SCFR Online – Opinion: The Strait of Hormuz crisis is no longer merely the consequence of a military confrontation, but rather a sign of the transition from the US-centered maritime order to a new energy security structure involving the participation of emerging and influential powers.
SCFR Online – Opinion: Iran’s active deterrence strategy, while increasing the costs of US intervention, has increasingly exposed the hidden rifts between Washington’s interests and those of the Israeli regime.
SCFR Online – Opinion: The escalation of verbal and strategic tensions between Turkey and the Israeli regime, although not increasing the likelihood of direct war, indicates the formation of a new order in West Asian geopolitical rivalries.
Strategic Council Online – Since the plan for the 25-year comprehensive cooperation was sketched between Iran and China in Dey 1394 (December 2015), following the visit of President Xi Jinping and Foreign Minister Wang Yi of China to the Middle East and signing of the cooperation plan document in Farvardin1400 (March/April) 2021), the issue of promoting Iran-China relations has been the focus of national and international scientific-political circles. The existence of differences, conflicting views, and various political and economic analyses from the very beginning of this document indicates that a clear understanding of the nature of this cooperation, the scope of activities, and its positive or negative consequences have not yet been achieved. In order to understand the consequences of signing a 25-year comprehensive cooperation document for domestic and international observers, it is necessary to take a brief look at the structural changes in the international system, regional developments, and Iran’s domestic policies.
Fatemeh Mahrough – Assistant Professor of International Relations, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad
SCFR Online – Interview: The signing of the Makkah agreement between Saudi Arabia, Pakistan, and Turkey has raised questions about the future of the region’s security structure and the position of these countries in West Asian equations. Can this agreement become a genuine collective defense mechanism, or does it have more of a political and deterrent function than creating new military capacity?
SCFR Online – Opinion: The continuation of the US war against Iran, in addition to increasing operational costs, has called into question the actual capacity of the American arsenal to simultaneously fulfill security commitments on multiple fronts; an issue that affects deterrence, defense production capacity, and Washington’s resource prioritization.
SCFR Online – Opinion: The Russia-Ukraine war and the war of the United States and the Israeli regime against Iran have been formed with different objectives and actors, but field and political developments indicate that they are not entirely separate from one another.
SCFR Online – Opinion: On Friday, August 7, the heads of state of three countries – Saudi Arabia, Turkey, and Pakistan – signed a text under the title “Makkah Joint Defense Agreement.”
Strategic Council Online – Note: The initiative to revive the Hejaz Railway, beyond being a transportation project, constitutes an attempt to redefine geopolitics, the economy, and Turkey’s regional position; however, its realization appears to face significant financial, security, and institutional challenges.
SCFR Online – Opinion: The Strait of Hormuz crisis is no longer merely the consequence of a military confrontation, but rather a sign of the transition from the US-centered maritime order to a new energy security structure involving the participation of emerging and influential powers.
SCFR Online – Opinion: Iran’s active deterrence strategy, while increasing the costs of US intervention, has increasingly exposed the hidden rifts between Washington’s interests and those of the Israeli regime.
SCFR Online – Opinion: The escalation of verbal and strategic tensions between Turkey and the Israeli regime, although not increasing the likelihood of direct war, indicates the formation of a new order in West Asian geopolitical rivalries.