An Analysis of the Makkah Defense Pact
SCFR Online – Opinion: On Friday, August 7, the heads of state of three countries – Saudi Arabia, Turkey, and Pakistan – signed a text under the title “Makkah Joint Defense Agreement.”
SCFR Online – Opinion: On Friday, August 7, the heads of state of three countries – Saudi Arabia, Turkey, and Pakistan – signed a text under the title “Makkah Joint Defense Agreement.”
Strategic Council Online – Note: The initiative to revive the Hejaz Railway, beyond being a transportation project, constitutes an attempt to redefine geopolitics, the economy, and Turkey’s regional position; however, its realization appears to face significant financial, security, and institutional challenges.
SCFR Online – Opinion: The Strait of Hormuz crisis is no longer merely the consequence of a military confrontation, but rather a sign of the transition from the US-centered maritime order to a new energy security structure involving the participation of emerging and influential powers.
SCFR Online – Opinion: Iran’s active deterrence strategy, while increasing the costs of US intervention, has increasingly exposed the hidden rifts between Washington’s interests and those of the Israeli regime.
SCFR Online – Opinion: The escalation of verbal and strategic tensions between Turkey and the Israeli regime, although not increasing the likelihood of direct war, indicates the formation of a new order in West Asian geopolitical rivalries.
Strategic Council Online – Note: Recent developments in the political geography of West Asia, from rising tensions in the Persian Gulf to missile and drone activities in the Red Sea and the recent warning by Kaja Kallas, the European Union’s foreign policy chief, regarding the threat to freedom of navigation, indicate a key pattern shift; the US-Iran war has moved beyond the scope of a regional and local confrontation and has linked two vital passageways for the global economy: the Strait of Hormuz and the Bab el-Mandeb Strait.
SCFR Online – Opinion: The Ukraine war was not merely a European crisis, but rather the starting point for the rearrangement of the global balance of power and a shift in the strategic behavior of great powers.
SCFR Online – Opinion: Great power competition is now pursued more in trade, currency, technology, and global supply chains than on the battlefields of military confrontation.
SCFR Online – Note: Articles from Western think tanks confirm that, contrary to Western assumptions, the war has failed to cause Iran’s economy to collapse, and this situation has led Washington to seek a pathway for exiting the quagmire.
Strategic Council Online – Interview: An economist and university faculty member stated that the temporary agreement between the U.S. and China to reduce trade tariffs, recently announced in Geneva, is a turning point in easing trade tensions between the two largest economies in the world. This development, which led to positive reactions in global markets and a rise in economic indicators, has indirect consequences for Iran’s economy.
Strategic Council Online- Interview: Former Director of the Logistics Headquarter of Afghanistan at the Ministry of Foreign Affairs having stated that countries and international bodies should fulfill their responsibilities by receiving Afghan asylum seekers and put their full weight behind Iran said:” Iran’s hospitality extended to the asylum seekers will, in fact, prevent them to head towards other regions and European countries.
Strategic Council Online: An international relations professor said US inhuman actions under the Coronavirus crisis are in no way in line with the slogans it claims to be adhering. He stressed that US officials’ aim behind the sanctions that have made the fight against Coronavirus difficult is to put direct pressure on the Iranian people to spark discontent.
Strategic Council Online: With stability gradually returning to Syria, the countries at war with Syria are now struggling to make a contribution to rebuilding the country and at the same time reap the economic benefits.
Mohammad Lahooti – President of the Iranian Export Confederation
SCFR Online – Opinion: On Friday, August 7, the heads of state of three countries – Saudi Arabia, Turkey, and Pakistan – signed a text under the title “Makkah Joint Defense Agreement.”
Strategic Council Online – Note: The initiative to revive the Hejaz Railway, beyond being a transportation project, constitutes an attempt to redefine geopolitics, the economy, and Turkey’s regional position; however, its realization appears to face significant financial, security, and institutional challenges.
SCFR Online – Opinion: The Strait of Hormuz crisis is no longer merely the consequence of a military confrontation, but rather a sign of the transition from the US-centered maritime order to a new energy security structure involving the participation of emerging and influential powers.
SCFR Online – Opinion: Iran’s active deterrence strategy, while increasing the costs of US intervention, has increasingly exposed the hidden rifts between Washington’s interests and those of the Israeli regime.
SCFR Online – Opinion: The escalation of verbal and strategic tensions between Turkey and the Israeli regime, although not increasing the likelihood of direct war, indicates the formation of a new order in West Asian geopolitical rivalries.
Strategic Council Online – Note: Recent developments in the political geography of West Asia, from rising tensions in the Persian Gulf to missile and drone activities in the Red Sea and the recent warning by Kaja Kallas, the European Union’s foreign policy chief, regarding the threat to freedom of navigation, indicate a key pattern shift; the US-Iran war has moved beyond the scope of a regional and local confrontation and has linked two vital passageways for the global economy: the Strait of Hormuz and the Bab el-Mandeb Strait.
SCFR Online – Opinion: The Ukraine war was not merely a European crisis, but rather the starting point for the rearrangement of the global balance of power and a shift in the strategic behavior of great powers.
SCFR Online – Opinion: Great power competition is now pursued more in trade, currency, technology, and global supply chains than on the battlefields of military confrontation.
SCFR Online – Note: Articles from Western think tanks confirm that, contrary to Western assumptions, the war has failed to cause Iran’s economy to collapse, and this situation has led Washington to seek a pathway for exiting the quagmire.
Strategic Council Online – Interview: An economist and university faculty member stated that the temporary agreement between the U.S. and China to reduce trade tariffs, recently announced in Geneva, is a turning point in easing trade tensions between the two largest economies in the world. This development, which led to positive reactions in global markets and a rise in economic indicators, has indirect consequences for Iran’s economy.
Strategic Council Online- Interview: Former Director of the Logistics Headquarter of Afghanistan at the Ministry of Foreign Affairs having stated that countries and international bodies should fulfill their responsibilities by receiving Afghan asylum seekers and put their full weight behind Iran said:” Iran’s hospitality extended to the asylum seekers will, in fact, prevent them to head towards other regions and European countries.
Strategic Council Online: An international relations professor said US inhuman actions under the Coronavirus crisis are in no way in line with the slogans it claims to be adhering. He stressed that US officials’ aim behind the sanctions that have made the fight against Coronavirus difficult is to put direct pressure on the Iranian people to spark discontent.
Strategic Council Online: With stability gradually returning to Syria, the countries at war with Syria are now struggling to make a contribution to rebuilding the country and at the same time reap the economic benefits.
Mohammad Lahooti – President of the Iranian Export Confederation
SCFR Online – Note: Articles from Western think tanks confirm that, contrary to Western assumptions, the war has failed to cause Iran’s economy to collapse, and this situation has led Washington to seek a pathway for exiting the quagmire.
Strategic Council Online – Interview: An economist and university faculty member stated that the temporary agreement between the U.S. and China to reduce trade tariffs, recently announced in Geneva, is a turning point in easing trade tensions between the two largest economies in the world. This development, which led to positive reactions in global markets and a rise in economic indicators, has indirect consequences for Iran’s economy.
Strategic Council Online- Interview: Former Director of the Logistics Headquarter of Afghanistan at the Ministry of Foreign Affairs having stated that countries and international bodies should fulfill their responsibilities by receiving Afghan asylum seekers and put their full weight behind Iran said:” Iran’s hospitality extended to the asylum seekers will, in fact, prevent them to head towards other regions and European countries.
Strategic Council Online: An international relations professor said US inhuman actions under the Coronavirus crisis are in no way in line with the slogans it claims to be adhering. He stressed that US officials’ aim behind the sanctions that have made the fight against Coronavirus difficult is to put direct pressure on the Iranian people to spark discontent.
Strategic Council Online: With stability gradually returning to Syria, the countries at war with Syria are now struggling to make a contribution to rebuilding the country and at the same time reap the economic benefits.
Mohammad Lahooti – President of the Iranian Export Confederation
SCFR Online – Opinion: On Friday, August 7, the heads of state of three countries – Saudi Arabia, Turkey, and Pakistan – signed a text under the title “Makkah Joint Defense Agreement.”
Strategic Council Online – Note: The initiative to revive the Hejaz Railway, beyond being a transportation project, constitutes an attempt to redefine geopolitics, the economy, and Turkey’s regional position; however, its realization appears to face significant financial, security, and institutional challenges.
SCFR Online – Opinion: The Strait of Hormuz crisis is no longer merely the consequence of a military confrontation, but rather a sign of the transition from the US-centered maritime order to a new energy security structure involving the participation of emerging and influential powers.
SCFR Online – Opinion: Iran’s active deterrence strategy, while increasing the costs of US intervention, has increasingly exposed the hidden rifts between Washington’s interests and those of the Israeli regime.
SCFR Online – Opinion: The escalation of verbal and strategic tensions between Turkey and the Israeli regime, although not increasing the likelihood of direct war, indicates the formation of a new order in West Asian geopolitical rivalries.
Strategic Council Online – Note: Recent developments in the political geography of West Asia, from rising tensions in the Persian Gulf to missile and drone activities in the Red Sea and the recent warning by Kaja Kallas, the European Union’s foreign policy chief, regarding the threat to freedom of navigation, indicate a key pattern shift; the US-Iran war has moved beyond the scope of a regional and local confrontation and has linked two vital passageways for the global economy: the Strait of Hormuz and the Bab el-Mandeb Strait.
SCFR Online – Opinion: The Ukraine war was not merely a European crisis, but rather the starting point for the rearrangement of the global balance of power and a shift in the strategic behavior of great powers.
SCFR Online – Opinion: Great power competition is now pursued more in trade, currency, technology, and global supply chains than on the battlefields of military confrontation.
SCFR Online – Note: Articles from Western think tanks confirm that, contrary to Western assumptions, the war has failed to cause Iran’s economy to collapse, and this situation has led Washington to seek a pathway for exiting the quagmire.
Strategic Council Online – Interview: An economist and university faculty member stated that the temporary agreement between the U.S. and China to reduce trade tariffs, recently announced in Geneva, is a turning point in easing trade tensions between the two largest economies in the world. This development, which led to positive reactions in global markets and a rise in economic indicators, has indirect consequences for Iran’s economy.
Strategic Council Online- Interview: Former Director of the Logistics Headquarter of Afghanistan at the Ministry of Foreign Affairs having stated that countries and international bodies should fulfill their responsibilities by receiving Afghan asylum seekers and put their full weight behind Iran said:” Iran’s hospitality extended to the asylum seekers will, in fact, prevent them to head towards other regions and European countries.
Strategic Council Online: An international relations professor said US inhuman actions under the Coronavirus crisis are in no way in line with the slogans it claims to be adhering. He stressed that US officials’ aim behind the sanctions that have made the fight against Coronavirus difficult is to put direct pressure on the Iranian people to spark discontent.
Strategic Council Online: With stability gradually returning to Syria, the countries at war with Syria are now struggling to make a contribution to rebuilding the country and at the same time reap the economic benefits.
Mohammad Lahooti – President of the Iranian Export Confederation
SCFR Online – Opinion: On Friday, August 7, the heads of state of three countries – Saudi Arabia, Turkey, and Pakistan – signed a text under the title “Makkah Joint Defense Agreement.”
Strategic Council Online – Note: The initiative to revive the Hejaz Railway, beyond being a transportation project, constitutes an attempt to redefine geopolitics, the economy, and Turkey’s regional position; however, its realization appears to face significant financial, security, and institutional challenges.
SCFR Online – Opinion: The Strait of Hormuz crisis is no longer merely the consequence of a military confrontation, but rather a sign of the transition from the US-centered maritime order to a new energy security structure involving the participation of emerging and influential powers.
SCFR Online – Opinion: Iran’s active deterrence strategy, while increasing the costs of US intervention, has increasingly exposed the hidden rifts between Washington’s interests and those of the Israeli regime.
SCFR Online – Opinion: The escalation of verbal and strategic tensions between Turkey and the Israeli regime, although not increasing the likelihood of direct war, indicates the formation of a new order in West Asian geopolitical rivalries.
Strategic Council Online – Note: Recent developments in the political geography of West Asia, from rising tensions in the Persian Gulf to missile and drone activities in the Red Sea and the recent warning by Kaja Kallas, the European Union’s foreign policy chief, regarding the threat to freedom of navigation, indicate a key pattern shift; the US-Iran war has moved beyond the scope of a regional and local confrontation and has linked two vital passageways for the global economy: the Strait of Hormuz and the Bab el-Mandeb Strait.
SCFR Online – Opinion: The Ukraine war was not merely a European crisis, but rather the starting point for the rearrangement of the global balance of power and a shift in the strategic behavior of great powers.
SCFR Online – Opinion: Great power competition is now pursued more in trade, currency, technology, and global supply chains than on the battlefields of military confrontation.
SCFR Online – Note: Articles from Western think tanks confirm that, contrary to Western assumptions, the war has failed to cause Iran’s economy to collapse, and this situation has led Washington to seek a pathway for exiting the quagmire.
Strategic Council Online – Interview: An economist and university faculty member stated that the temporary agreement between the U.S. and China to reduce trade tariffs, recently announced in Geneva, is a turning point in easing trade tensions between the two largest economies in the world. This development, which led to positive reactions in global markets and a rise in economic indicators, has indirect consequences for Iran’s economy.
Strategic Council Online- Interview: Former Director of the Logistics Headquarter of Afghanistan at the Ministry of Foreign Affairs having stated that countries and international bodies should fulfill their responsibilities by receiving Afghan asylum seekers and put their full weight behind Iran said:” Iran’s hospitality extended to the asylum seekers will, in fact, prevent them to head towards other regions and European countries.
Strategic Council Online: An international relations professor said US inhuman actions under the Coronavirus crisis are in no way in line with the slogans it claims to be adhering. He stressed that US officials’ aim behind the sanctions that have made the fight against Coronavirus difficult is to put direct pressure on the Iranian people to spark discontent.
Strategic Council Online: With stability gradually returning to Syria, the countries at war with Syria are now struggling to make a contribution to rebuilding the country and at the same time reap the economic benefits.
Mohammad Lahooti – President of the Iranian Export Confederation
SCFR Online – Opinion: On Friday, August 7, the heads of state of three countries – Saudi Arabia, Turkey, and Pakistan – signed a text under the title “Makkah Joint Defense Agreement.”
Strategic Council Online – Note: The initiative to revive the Hejaz Railway, beyond being a transportation project, constitutes an attempt to redefine geopolitics, the economy, and Turkey’s regional position; however, its realization appears to face significant financial, security, and institutional challenges.
SCFR Online – Opinion: The Strait of Hormuz crisis is no longer merely the consequence of a military confrontation, but rather a sign of the transition from the US-centered maritime order to a new energy security structure involving the participation of emerging and influential powers.
SCFR Online – Opinion: Iran’s active deterrence strategy, while increasing the costs of US intervention, has increasingly exposed the hidden rifts between Washington’s interests and those of the Israeli regime.
SCFR Online – Opinion: The escalation of verbal and strategic tensions between Turkey and the Israeli regime, although not increasing the likelihood of direct war, indicates the formation of a new order in West Asian geopolitical rivalries.
Strategic Council Online – Note: Recent developments in the political geography of West Asia, from rising tensions in the Persian Gulf to missile and drone activities in the Red Sea and the recent warning by Kaja Kallas, the European Union’s foreign policy chief, regarding the threat to freedom of navigation, indicate a key pattern shift; the US-Iran war has moved beyond the scope of a regional and local confrontation and has linked two vital passageways for the global economy: the Strait of Hormuz and the Bab el-Mandeb Strait.
SCFR Online – Opinion: The Ukraine war was not merely a European crisis, but rather the starting point for the rearrangement of the global balance of power and a shift in the strategic behavior of great powers.
SCFR Online – Opinion: Great power competition is now pursued more in trade, currency, technology, and global supply chains than on the battlefields of military confrontation.
SCFR Online – Note: Articles from Western think tanks confirm that, contrary to Western assumptions, the war has failed to cause Iran’s economy to collapse, and this situation has led Washington to seek a pathway for exiting the quagmire.
Strategic Council Online – Interview: An economist and university faculty member stated that the temporary agreement between the U.S. and China to reduce trade tariffs, recently announced in Geneva, is a turning point in easing trade tensions between the two largest economies in the world. This development, which led to positive reactions in global markets and a rise in economic indicators, has indirect consequences for Iran’s economy.
Strategic Council Online- Interview: Former Director of the Logistics Headquarter of Afghanistan at the Ministry of Foreign Affairs having stated that countries and international bodies should fulfill their responsibilities by receiving Afghan asylum seekers and put their full weight behind Iran said:” Iran’s hospitality extended to the asylum seekers will, in fact, prevent them to head towards other regions and European countries.
Strategic Council Online: An international relations professor said US inhuman actions under the Coronavirus crisis are in no way in line with the slogans it claims to be adhering. He stressed that US officials’ aim behind the sanctions that have made the fight against Coronavirus difficult is to put direct pressure on the Iranian people to spark discontent.
Strategic Council Online: With stability gradually returning to Syria, the countries at war with Syria are now struggling to make a contribution to rebuilding the country and at the same time reap the economic benefits.
Mohammad Lahooti – President of the Iranian Export Confederation
SCFR Online – Opinion: On Friday, August 7, the heads of state of three countries – Saudi Arabia, Turkey, and Pakistan – signed a text under the title “Makkah Joint Defense Agreement.”
Strategic Council Online – Note: The initiative to revive the Hejaz Railway, beyond being a transportation project, constitutes an attempt to redefine geopolitics, the economy, and Turkey’s regional position; however, its realization appears to face significant financial, security, and institutional challenges.
SCFR Online – Opinion: The Strait of Hormuz crisis is no longer merely the consequence of a military confrontation, but rather a sign of the transition from the US-centered maritime order to a new energy security structure involving the participation of emerging and influential powers.
SCFR Online – Opinion: Iran’s active deterrence strategy, while increasing the costs of US intervention, has increasingly exposed the hidden rifts between Washington’s interests and those of the Israeli regime.
SCFR Online – Opinion: The escalation of verbal and strategic tensions between Turkey and the Israeli regime, although not increasing the likelihood of direct war, indicates the formation of a new order in West Asian geopolitical rivalries.
Strategic Council Online – Note: Recent developments in the political geography of West Asia, from rising tensions in the Persian Gulf to missile and drone activities in the Red Sea and the recent warning by Kaja Kallas, the European Union’s foreign policy chief, regarding the threat to freedom of navigation, indicate a key pattern shift; the US-Iran war has moved beyond the scope of a regional and local confrontation and has linked two vital passageways for the global economy: the Strait of Hormuz and the Bab el-Mandeb Strait.
SCFR Online – Opinion: The Ukraine war was not merely a European crisis, but rather the starting point for the rearrangement of the global balance of power and a shift in the strategic behavior of great powers.
SCFR Online – Opinion: Great power competition is now pursued more in trade, currency, technology, and global supply chains than on the battlefields of military confrontation.
SCFR Online – Note: Articles from Western think tanks confirm that, contrary to Western assumptions, the war has failed to cause Iran’s economy to collapse, and this situation has led Washington to seek a pathway for exiting the quagmire.
Strategic Council Online – Interview: An economist and university faculty member stated that the temporary agreement between the U.S. and China to reduce trade tariffs, recently announced in Geneva, is a turning point in easing trade tensions between the two largest economies in the world. This development, which led to positive reactions in global markets and a rise in economic indicators, has indirect consequences for Iran’s economy.
Strategic Council Online- Interview: Former Director of the Logistics Headquarter of Afghanistan at the Ministry of Foreign Affairs having stated that countries and international bodies should fulfill their responsibilities by receiving Afghan asylum seekers and put their full weight behind Iran said:” Iran’s hospitality extended to the asylum seekers will, in fact, prevent them to head towards other regions and European countries.
Strategic Council Online: An international relations professor said US inhuman actions under the Coronavirus crisis are in no way in line with the slogans it claims to be adhering. He stressed that US officials’ aim behind the sanctions that have made the fight against Coronavirus difficult is to put direct pressure on the Iranian people to spark discontent.
Strategic Council Online: With stability gradually returning to Syria, the countries at war with Syria are now struggling to make a contribution to rebuilding the country and at the same time reap the economic benefits.
Mohammad Lahooti – President of the Iranian Export Confederation
SCFR Online – Opinion: On Friday, August 7, the heads of state of three countries – Saudi Arabia, Turkey, and Pakistan – signed a text under the title “Makkah Joint Defense Agreement.”
Strategic Council Online – Note: The initiative to revive the Hejaz Railway, beyond being a transportation project, constitutes an attempt to redefine geopolitics, the economy, and Turkey’s regional position; however, its realization appears to face significant financial, security, and institutional challenges.
SCFR Online – Opinion: The Strait of Hormuz crisis is no longer merely the consequence of a military confrontation, but rather a sign of the transition from the US-centered maritime order to a new energy security structure involving the participation of emerging and influential powers.
SCFR Online – Opinion: Iran’s active deterrence strategy, while increasing the costs of US intervention, has increasingly exposed the hidden rifts between Washington’s interests and those of the Israeli regime.
SCFR Online – Opinion: The escalation of verbal and strategic tensions between Turkey and the Israeli regime, although not increasing the likelihood of direct war, indicates the formation of a new order in West Asian geopolitical rivalries.
Strategic Council Online – Note: Recent developments in the political geography of West Asia, from rising tensions in the Persian Gulf to missile and drone activities in the Red Sea and the recent warning by Kaja Kallas, the European Union’s foreign policy chief, regarding the threat to freedom of navigation, indicate a key pattern shift; the US-Iran war has moved beyond the scope of a regional and local confrontation and has linked two vital passageways for the global economy: the Strait of Hormuz and the Bab el-Mandeb Strait.
SCFR Online – Opinion: The Ukraine war was not merely a European crisis, but rather the starting point for the rearrangement of the global balance of power and a shift in the strategic behavior of great powers.
SCFR Online – Opinion: Great power competition is now pursued more in trade, currency, technology, and global supply chains than on the battlefields of military confrontation.