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The Makkah Pact Under scrutiny; From the “Deterrence Dilemma” to the “Risk of Disrupting Security”

SCFR Online – Opinion: The Makkah Pact, signed on August 7, 2026, between Saudi Arabia, Turkey, and Pakistan, is more than an answer to geopolitical vacuums; in practice, it faces a “deterrence dilemma” and “differing threat perception.” While this pact symbolizes a transition toward regional self-reliance, its first field tests and the complexities of relations with regional actors will determine its real meaning.

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Seyed Mohammad Marandi

Warsaw Conference: A Test for Arab Rulers before Islamic World Public Opinion

Strategic Council Online: Next month, an international conference is set to be held in Warsaw on the Middle East with a focus on Iran. The main goal of the conference in Poland, the simultaneous presence of the Arab states of the Middle East and the Zionist regime, and the final outcome of the confab are among the issues that experts and the media are talking about these days.
Seyed Mohammad Marandi – Professor of Tehran University

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The Makkah Pact Under scrutiny; From the “Deterrence Dilemma” to the “Risk of Disrupting Security”

SCFR Online – Opinion: The Makkah Pact, signed on August 7, 2026, between Saudi Arabia, Turkey, and Pakistan, is more than an answer to geopolitical vacuums; in practice, it faces a “deterrence dilemma” and “differing threat perception.” While this pact symbolizes a transition toward regional self-reliance, its first field tests and the complexities of relations with regional actors will determine its real meaning.

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Seyed Mohammad Marandi

Warsaw Conference: A Test for Arab Rulers before Islamic World Public Opinion

Strategic Council Online: Next month, an international conference is set to be held in Warsaw on the Middle East with a focus on Iran. The main goal of the conference in Poland, the simultaneous presence of the Arab states of the Middle East and the Zionist regime, and the final outcome of the confab are among the issues that experts and the media are talking about these days.
Seyed Mohammad Marandi – Professor of Tehran University

Seyed Mohammad Marandi

Warsaw Conference: A Test for Arab Rulers before Islamic World Public Opinion

Strategic Council Online: Next month, an international conference is set to be held in Warsaw on the Middle East with a focus on Iran. The main goal of the conference in Poland, the simultaneous presence of the Arab states of the Middle East and the Zionist regime, and the final outcome of the confab are among the issues that experts and the media are talking about these days.
Seyed Mohammad Marandi – Professor of Tehran University

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The Makkah Pact Under scrutiny; From the “Deterrence Dilemma” to the “Risk of Disrupting Security”

SCFR Online – Opinion: The Makkah Pact, signed on August 7, 2026, between Saudi Arabia, Turkey, and Pakistan, is more than an answer to geopolitical vacuums; in practice, it faces a “deterrence dilemma” and “differing threat perception.” While this pact symbolizes a transition toward regional self-reliance, its first field tests and the complexities of relations with regional actors will determine its real meaning.

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Seyed Mohammad Marandi

Warsaw Conference: A Test for Arab Rulers before Islamic World Public Opinion

Strategic Council Online: Next month, an international conference is set to be held in Warsaw on the Middle East with a focus on Iran. The main goal of the conference in Poland, the simultaneous presence of the Arab states of the Middle East and the Zionist regime, and the final outcome of the confab are among the issues that experts and the media are talking about these days.
Seyed Mohammad Marandi – Professor of Tehran University

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The Makkah Pact Under scrutiny; From the “Deterrence Dilemma” to the “Risk of Disrupting Security”

SCFR Online – Opinion: The Makkah Pact, signed on August 7, 2026, between Saudi Arabia, Turkey, and Pakistan, is more than an answer to geopolitical vacuums; in practice, it faces a “deterrence dilemma” and “differing threat perception.” While this pact symbolizes a transition toward regional self-reliance, its first field tests and the complexities of relations with regional actors will determine its real meaning.

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Seyed Mohammad Marandi

Warsaw Conference: A Test for Arab Rulers before Islamic World Public Opinion

Strategic Council Online: Next month, an international conference is set to be held in Warsaw on the Middle East with a focus on Iran. The main goal of the conference in Poland, the simultaneous presence of the Arab states of the Middle East and the Zionist regime, and the final outcome of the confab are among the issues that experts and the media are talking about these days.
Seyed Mohammad Marandi – Professor of Tehran University

ÚLTIMAS PUBLICACIONES

The Makkah Pact Under scrutiny; From the “Deterrence Dilemma” to the “Risk of Disrupting Security”

SCFR Online – Opinion: The Makkah Pact, signed on August 7, 2026, between Saudi Arabia, Turkey, and Pakistan, is more than an answer to geopolitical vacuums; in practice, it faces a “deterrence dilemma” and “differing threat perception.” While this pact symbolizes a transition toward regional self-reliance, its first field tests and the complexities of relations with regional actors will determine its real meaning.

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Seyed Mohammad Marandi

Warsaw Conference: A Test for Arab Rulers before Islamic World Public Opinion

Strategic Council Online: Next month, an international conference is set to be held in Warsaw on the Middle East with a focus on Iran. The main goal of the conference in Poland, the simultaneous presence of the Arab states of the Middle East and the Zionist regime, and the final outcome of the confab are among the issues that experts and the media are talking about these days.
Seyed Mohammad Marandi – Professor of Tehran University

ÚLTIMAS PUBLICACIONES

The Makkah Pact Under scrutiny; From the “Deterrence Dilemma” to the “Risk of Disrupting Security”

SCFR Online – Opinion: The Makkah Pact, signed on August 7, 2026, between Saudi Arabia, Turkey, and Pakistan, is more than an answer to geopolitical vacuums; in practice, it faces a “deterrence dilemma” and “differing threat perception.” While this pact symbolizes a transition toward regional self-reliance, its first field tests and the complexities of relations with regional actors will determine its real meaning.

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Seyed Mohammad Marandi

Warsaw Conference: A Test for Arab Rulers before Islamic World Public Opinion

Strategic Council Online: Next month, an international conference is set to be held in Warsaw on the Middle East with a focus on Iran. The main goal of the conference in Poland, the simultaneous presence of the Arab states of the Middle East and the Zionist regime, and the final outcome of the confab are among the issues that experts and the media are talking about these days.
Seyed Mohammad Marandi – Professor of Tehran University

ÚLTIMAS PUBLICACIONES

The Makkah Pact Under scrutiny; From the “Deterrence Dilemma” to the “Risk of Disrupting Security”

SCFR Online – Opinion: The Makkah Pact, signed on August 7, 2026, between Saudi Arabia, Turkey, and Pakistan, is more than an answer to geopolitical vacuums; in practice, it faces a “deterrence dilemma” and “differing threat perception.” While this pact symbolizes a transition toward regional self-reliance, its first field tests and the complexities of relations with regional actors will determine its real meaning.

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