Mohsen Baharvand, in an interview with the Foreign Relations Strategic Council website, said: “Following the US’s direct attack on Iran’s declared nuclear facilities, which were under the supervision of the International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA), a specialized task force comprising prominent experts and seasoned jurists was formed by the Legal Deputy of the President to pursue the aggression of the Zionist regime and the US in international forums, comprehensively examining the legal dimensions of the military aggression, violation of the Islamic Republic of Iran’s territorial sovereignty, threats to the country’s territorial integrity, as well as the martyrdom of several citizens, the assassination of scientists, security defenders, and high-ranking commanders.”

This task force is required, in cooperation with all relevant bodies, to investigate the attack on peaceful nuclear facilities and the violation of the IAEA Statute, document illegal and anti-human rights actions, and instances of war crimes such as the martyrdom of women and children, destruction of residential areas, and attacks on educational, medical, media, and public service infrastructure using accurate statistics and data, and to assess human, material, and moral damages.

At the same time, despite legal pursuits by the Ministry of Foreign Affairs and Iran’s representations in international forums during the 12-day war, as well as the formation of the aforementioned task force, many experts and jurists believe there is no effective legal process to pursue the US and Israel’s aggression against Iran, or at least this process faces significant obstacles and is time-consuming. However, some experts argue that rights can be restored through various means.

This senior international law expert, regarding the legal pursuit of the US’s aggression and attack on nuclear facilities and its support for the Zionist regime in attacking Iran, emphasized that “the US has violated international law in its attack on Iran’s nuclear facilities.” He stated: “There is no doubt about this. Under Article 2 of the UN Charter and other relevant provisions, the prohibition of the threat or use of force in international relations has clearly been violated in this attack.”

He further noted that, in addition to the general provisions of international law, the recent events between Iran and the US have also violated the Algiers Accord, a specific law. Meanwhile, US courts have repeatedly affirmed the validity of the Algiers Accord as a binding treaty between the two countries. Consequently, the US has also violated the specific law governing its relations with Iran.

Baharvand stressed: “In the Algiers Accord, the US committed to having no right to interfere in Iran’s internal affairs, whether through political or military measures.”

This veteran diplomat outlined two methods for legally pursuing the US’s military attack on Iran, particularly its nuclear facilities: first, filing a lawsuit at the Iran-US Claims Tribunal, and second, filing a lawsuit in US courts against the Trump administration.

He emphasized that legal experts must carefully examine these two methods, particularly in terms of the jurisdiction of the two courts, and conduct specialized feasibility assessments to ensure the most effective approach.

Regarding the effectiveness of legal pursuits in restoring Iran’s rights, the former Deputy Legal Advisor of the Ministry of Foreign Affairs said: “Legal methods may be time-consuming and may not yield immediate results; naturally, priority is given to political and diplomatic methods. However, using a legal campaign in parallel at least allows Iran to quantify its damages and register them in a court, enabling it to pursue compensation diplomatically based on the legal claim and insist on its demands against the US.”