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An Analysis of the Makkah Defense Pact

SCFR Online – Opinion: On Friday, August 7, the heads of state of three countries – Saudi Arabia, Turkey, and Pakistan – signed a text under the title “Makkah Joint Defense Agreement.”

Dimensions and challenges of the initiative to revive the Hejaz Railway

Strategic Council Online – Note: The initiative to revive the Hejaz Railway, beyond being a transportation project, constitutes an attempt to redefine geopolitics, the economy, and Turkey’s regional position; however, its realization appears to face significant financial, security, and institutional challenges.

Balancing in the chain of chokepoints; from sea-based deterrence to pluralistic diplomacy

Strategic Council Online – Note: Recent developments in the political geography of West Asia, from rising tensions in the Persian Gulf to missile and drone activities in the Red Sea and the recent warning by Kaja Kallas, the European Union’s foreign policy chief, regarding the threat to freedom of navigation, indicate a key pattern shift; the US-Iran war has moved beyond the scope of a regional and local confrontation and has linked two vital passageways for the global economy: the Strait of Hormuz and the Bab el-Mandeb Strait.

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SCFR Online

Analysis of the New Security Order in the Region

Analysis of the New Security Order in the Region

Strategic Council Online – Guest Note: The recent military aggression by the United States and the Israeli regime against the Islamic Republic of Iran in the early months of 2026, beyond a periodic tension, has acted as a catalyst for a fundamental reconfiguration of the Middle East’s geopolitical order.

The Global Energy Shock Situation and Future Scenarios

The Global Energy Shock Situation and Future Scenarios

SCFR Online – Opinion: Only one month after the beginning of the Ramadan War, maritime traffic in the Strait of Hormuz decreased dramatically, with Bloomberg announcing a reduction of 103 vessels; Brent oil prices rose by more than 50 percent, and gasoline prices in the United States increased by 31.4 percent. Additionally, benchmark gas prices in Europe showed a 73.4 percent increase.

The “Hormuz Coalition”: A Maritime Security Illusion

The “Hormuz Coalition”: A Maritime Security Illusion

SCFR Online – Note: Iran’s control over the Strait of Hormuz constitutes an undeniable geopolitical reality, and any military operation aimed at reopening the strait without securing Tehran’s political consent is doomed to failure. Iran has demonstrably proven its dominion over the global energy and fertilizer lifelines. Hormoz Bayani – Economic Affairs Analyst

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An Analysis of the Makkah Defense Pact

SCFR Online – Opinion: On Friday, August 7, the heads of state of three countries – Saudi Arabia, Turkey, and Pakistan – signed a text under the title “Makkah Joint Defense Agreement.”

Dimensions and challenges of the initiative to revive the Hejaz Railway

Strategic Council Online – Note: The initiative to revive the Hejaz Railway, beyond being a transportation project, constitutes an attempt to redefine geopolitics, the economy, and Turkey’s regional position; however, its realization appears to face significant financial, security, and institutional challenges.

Balancing in the chain of chokepoints; from sea-based deterrence to pluralistic diplomacy

Strategic Council Online – Note: Recent developments in the political geography of West Asia, from rising tensions in the Persian Gulf to missile and drone activities in the Red Sea and the recent warning by Kaja Kallas, the European Union’s foreign policy chief, regarding the threat to freedom of navigation, indicate a key pattern shift; the US-Iran war has moved beyond the scope of a regional and local confrontation and has linked two vital passageways for the global economy: the Strait of Hormuz and the Bab el-Mandeb Strait.

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SCFR Online

Analysis of the New Security Order in the Region

Analysis of the New Security Order in the Region

Strategic Council Online – Guest Note: The recent military aggression by the United States and the Israeli regime against the Islamic Republic of Iran in the early months of 2026, beyond a periodic tension, has acted as a catalyst for a fundamental reconfiguration of the Middle East’s geopolitical order.

The Global Energy Shock Situation and Future Scenarios

The Global Energy Shock Situation and Future Scenarios

SCFR Online – Opinion: Only one month after the beginning of the Ramadan War, maritime traffic in the Strait of Hormuz decreased dramatically, with Bloomberg announcing a reduction of 103 vessels; Brent oil prices rose by more than 50 percent, and gasoline prices in the United States increased by 31.4 percent. Additionally, benchmark gas prices in Europe showed a 73.4 percent increase.

The “Hormuz Coalition”: A Maritime Security Illusion

The “Hormuz Coalition”: A Maritime Security Illusion

SCFR Online – Note: Iran’s control over the Strait of Hormuz constitutes an undeniable geopolitical reality, and any military operation aimed at reopening the strait without securing Tehran’s political consent is doomed to failure. Iran has demonstrably proven its dominion over the global energy and fertilizer lifelines. Hormoz Bayani – Economic Affairs Analyst

SCFR Online

Analysis of the New Security Order in the Region

Analysis of the New Security Order in the Region

Strategic Council Online – Guest Note: The recent military aggression by the United States and the Israeli regime against the Islamic Republic of Iran in the early months of 2026, beyond a periodic tension, has acted as a catalyst for a fundamental reconfiguration of the Middle East’s geopolitical order.

The Global Energy Shock Situation and Future Scenarios

The Global Energy Shock Situation and Future Scenarios

SCFR Online – Opinion: Only one month after the beginning of the Ramadan War, maritime traffic in the Strait of Hormuz decreased dramatically, with Bloomberg announcing a reduction of 103 vessels; Brent oil prices rose by more than 50 percent, and gasoline prices in the United States increased by 31.4 percent. Additionally, benchmark gas prices in Europe showed a 73.4 percent increase.

The “Hormuz Coalition”: A Maritime Security Illusion

The “Hormuz Coalition”: A Maritime Security Illusion

SCFR Online – Note: Iran’s control over the Strait of Hormuz constitutes an undeniable geopolitical reality, and any military operation aimed at reopening the strait without securing Tehran’s political consent is doomed to failure. Iran has demonstrably proven its dominion over the global energy and fertilizer lifelines. Hormoz Bayani – Economic Affairs Analyst

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An Analysis of the Makkah Defense Pact

SCFR Online – Opinion: On Friday, August 7, the heads of state of three countries – Saudi Arabia, Turkey, and Pakistan – signed a text under the title “Makkah Joint Defense Agreement.”

Dimensions and challenges of the initiative to revive the Hejaz Railway

Strategic Council Online – Note: The initiative to revive the Hejaz Railway, beyond being a transportation project, constitutes an attempt to redefine geopolitics, the economy, and Turkey’s regional position; however, its realization appears to face significant financial, security, and institutional challenges.

Balancing in the chain of chokepoints; from sea-based deterrence to pluralistic diplomacy

Strategic Council Online – Note: Recent developments in the political geography of West Asia, from rising tensions in the Persian Gulf to missile and drone activities in the Red Sea and the recent warning by Kaja Kallas, the European Union’s foreign policy chief, regarding the threat to freedom of navigation, indicate a key pattern shift; the US-Iran war has moved beyond the scope of a regional and local confrontation and has linked two vital passageways for the global economy: the Strait of Hormuz and the Bab el-Mandeb Strait.

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SCFR Online

Analysis of the New Security Order in the Region

Analysis of the New Security Order in the Region

Strategic Council Online – Guest Note: The recent military aggression by the United States and the Israeli regime against the Islamic Republic of Iran in the early months of 2026, beyond a periodic tension, has acted as a catalyst for a fundamental reconfiguration of the Middle East’s geopolitical order.

The Global Energy Shock Situation and Future Scenarios

The Global Energy Shock Situation and Future Scenarios

SCFR Online – Opinion: Only one month after the beginning of the Ramadan War, maritime traffic in the Strait of Hormuz decreased dramatically, with Bloomberg announcing a reduction of 103 vessels; Brent oil prices rose by more than 50 percent, and gasoline prices in the United States increased by 31.4 percent. Additionally, benchmark gas prices in Europe showed a 73.4 percent increase.

The “Hormuz Coalition”: A Maritime Security Illusion

The “Hormuz Coalition”: A Maritime Security Illusion

SCFR Online – Note: Iran’s control over the Strait of Hormuz constitutes an undeniable geopolitical reality, and any military operation aimed at reopening the strait without securing Tehran’s political consent is doomed to failure. Iran has demonstrably proven its dominion over the global energy and fertilizer lifelines. Hormoz Bayani – Economic Affairs Analyst

ÚLTIMAS PUBLICACIONES

An Analysis of the Makkah Defense Pact

SCFR Online – Opinion: On Friday, August 7, the heads of state of three countries – Saudi Arabia, Turkey, and Pakistan – signed a text under the title “Makkah Joint Defense Agreement.”

Dimensions and challenges of the initiative to revive the Hejaz Railway

Strategic Council Online – Note: The initiative to revive the Hejaz Railway, beyond being a transportation project, constitutes an attempt to redefine geopolitics, the economy, and Turkey’s regional position; however, its realization appears to face significant financial, security, and institutional challenges.

Balancing in the chain of chokepoints; from sea-based deterrence to pluralistic diplomacy

Strategic Council Online – Note: Recent developments in the political geography of West Asia, from rising tensions in the Persian Gulf to missile and drone activities in the Red Sea and the recent warning by Kaja Kallas, the European Union’s foreign policy chief, regarding the threat to freedom of navigation, indicate a key pattern shift; the US-Iran war has moved beyond the scope of a regional and local confrontation and has linked two vital passageways for the global economy: the Strait of Hormuz and the Bab el-Mandeb Strait.

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SCFR Online

Analysis of the New Security Order in the Region

Analysis of the New Security Order in the Region

Strategic Council Online – Guest Note: The recent military aggression by the United States and the Israeli regime against the Islamic Republic of Iran in the early months of 2026, beyond a periodic tension, has acted as a catalyst for a fundamental reconfiguration of the Middle East’s geopolitical order.

The Global Energy Shock Situation and Future Scenarios

The Global Energy Shock Situation and Future Scenarios

SCFR Online – Opinion: Only one month after the beginning of the Ramadan War, maritime traffic in the Strait of Hormuz decreased dramatically, with Bloomberg announcing a reduction of 103 vessels; Brent oil prices rose by more than 50 percent, and gasoline prices in the United States increased by 31.4 percent. Additionally, benchmark gas prices in Europe showed a 73.4 percent increase.

The “Hormuz Coalition”: A Maritime Security Illusion

The “Hormuz Coalition”: A Maritime Security Illusion

SCFR Online – Note: Iran’s control over the Strait of Hormuz constitutes an undeniable geopolitical reality, and any military operation aimed at reopening the strait without securing Tehran’s political consent is doomed to failure. Iran has demonstrably proven its dominion over the global energy and fertilizer lifelines. Hormoz Bayani – Economic Affairs Analyst

ÚLTIMAS PUBLICACIONES

An Analysis of the Makkah Defense Pact

SCFR Online – Opinion: On Friday, August 7, the heads of state of three countries – Saudi Arabia, Turkey, and Pakistan – signed a text under the title “Makkah Joint Defense Agreement.”

Dimensions and challenges of the initiative to revive the Hejaz Railway

Strategic Council Online – Note: The initiative to revive the Hejaz Railway, beyond being a transportation project, constitutes an attempt to redefine geopolitics, the economy, and Turkey’s regional position; however, its realization appears to face significant financial, security, and institutional challenges.

Balancing in the chain of chokepoints; from sea-based deterrence to pluralistic diplomacy

Strategic Council Online – Note: Recent developments in the political geography of West Asia, from rising tensions in the Persian Gulf to missile and drone activities in the Red Sea and the recent warning by Kaja Kallas, the European Union’s foreign policy chief, regarding the threat to freedom of navigation, indicate a key pattern shift; the US-Iran war has moved beyond the scope of a regional and local confrontation and has linked two vital passageways for the global economy: the Strait of Hormuz and the Bab el-Mandeb Strait.

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SCFR Online

Analysis of the New Security Order in the Region

Analysis of the New Security Order in the Region

Strategic Council Online – Guest Note: The recent military aggression by the United States and the Israeli regime against the Islamic Republic of Iran in the early months of 2026, beyond a periodic tension, has acted as a catalyst for a fundamental reconfiguration of the Middle East’s geopolitical order.

The Global Energy Shock Situation and Future Scenarios

The Global Energy Shock Situation and Future Scenarios

SCFR Online – Opinion: Only one month after the beginning of the Ramadan War, maritime traffic in the Strait of Hormuz decreased dramatically, with Bloomberg announcing a reduction of 103 vessels; Brent oil prices rose by more than 50 percent, and gasoline prices in the United States increased by 31.4 percent. Additionally, benchmark gas prices in Europe showed a 73.4 percent increase.

The “Hormuz Coalition”: A Maritime Security Illusion

The “Hormuz Coalition”: A Maritime Security Illusion

SCFR Online – Note: Iran’s control over the Strait of Hormuz constitutes an undeniable geopolitical reality, and any military operation aimed at reopening the strait without securing Tehran’s political consent is doomed to failure. Iran has demonstrably proven its dominion over the global energy and fertilizer lifelines. Hormoz Bayani – Economic Affairs Analyst

ÚLTIMAS PUBLICACIONES

An Analysis of the Makkah Defense Pact

SCFR Online – Opinion: On Friday, August 7, the heads of state of three countries – Saudi Arabia, Turkey, and Pakistan – signed a text under the title “Makkah Joint Defense Agreement.”

Dimensions and challenges of the initiative to revive the Hejaz Railway

Strategic Council Online – Note: The initiative to revive the Hejaz Railway, beyond being a transportation project, constitutes an attempt to redefine geopolitics, the economy, and Turkey’s regional position; however, its realization appears to face significant financial, security, and institutional challenges.

Balancing in the chain of chokepoints; from sea-based deterrence to pluralistic diplomacy

Strategic Council Online – Note: Recent developments in the political geography of West Asia, from rising tensions in the Persian Gulf to missile and drone activities in the Red Sea and the recent warning by Kaja Kallas, the European Union’s foreign policy chief, regarding the threat to freedom of navigation, indicate a key pattern shift; the US-Iran war has moved beyond the scope of a regional and local confrontation and has linked two vital passageways for the global economy: the Strait of Hormuz and the Bab el-Mandeb Strait.

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SCFR Online

Analysis of the New Security Order in the Region

Analysis of the New Security Order in the Region

Strategic Council Online – Guest Note: The recent military aggression by the United States and the Israeli regime against the Islamic Republic of Iran in the early months of 2026, beyond a periodic tension, has acted as a catalyst for a fundamental reconfiguration of the Middle East’s geopolitical order.

The Global Energy Shock Situation and Future Scenarios

The Global Energy Shock Situation and Future Scenarios

SCFR Online – Opinion: Only one month after the beginning of the Ramadan War, maritime traffic in the Strait of Hormuz decreased dramatically, with Bloomberg announcing a reduction of 103 vessels; Brent oil prices rose by more than 50 percent, and gasoline prices in the United States increased by 31.4 percent. Additionally, benchmark gas prices in Europe showed a 73.4 percent increase.

The “Hormuz Coalition”: A Maritime Security Illusion

The “Hormuz Coalition”: A Maritime Security Illusion

SCFR Online – Note: Iran’s control over the Strait of Hormuz constitutes an undeniable geopolitical reality, and any military operation aimed at reopening the strait without securing Tehran’s political consent is doomed to failure. Iran has demonstrably proven its dominion over the global energy and fertilizer lifelines. Hormoz Bayani – Economic Affairs Analyst

ÚLTIMAS PUBLICACIONES

An Analysis of the Makkah Defense Pact

SCFR Online – Opinion: On Friday, August 7, the heads of state of three countries – Saudi Arabia, Turkey, and Pakistan – signed a text under the title “Makkah Joint Defense Agreement.”

Dimensions and challenges of the initiative to revive the Hejaz Railway

Strategic Council Online – Note: The initiative to revive the Hejaz Railway, beyond being a transportation project, constitutes an attempt to redefine geopolitics, the economy, and Turkey’s regional position; however, its realization appears to face significant financial, security, and institutional challenges.

Balancing in the chain of chokepoints; from sea-based deterrence to pluralistic diplomacy

Strategic Council Online – Note: Recent developments in the political geography of West Asia, from rising tensions in the Persian Gulf to missile and drone activities in the Red Sea and the recent warning by Kaja Kallas, the European Union’s foreign policy chief, regarding the threat to freedom of navigation, indicate a key pattern shift; the US-Iran war has moved beyond the scope of a regional and local confrontation and has linked two vital passageways for the global economy: the Strait of Hormuz and the Bab el-Mandeb Strait.

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