An Analysis of the Makkah Defense Pact
SCFR Online – Opinion: On Friday, August 7, the heads of state of three countries – Saudi Arabia, Turkey, and Pakistan – signed a text under the title “Makkah Joint Defense Agreement.”
SCFR Online – Opinion: On Friday, August 7, the heads of state of three countries – Saudi Arabia, Turkey, and Pakistan – signed a text under the title “Makkah Joint Defense Agreement.”
Strategic Council Online – Note: The initiative to revive the Hejaz Railway, beyond being a transportation project, constitutes an attempt to redefine geopolitics, the economy, and Turkey’s regional position; however, its realization appears to face significant financial, security, and institutional challenges.
SCFR Online – Opinion: The Strait of Hormuz crisis is no longer merely the consequence of a military confrontation, but rather a sign of the transition from the US-centered maritime order to a new energy security structure involving the participation of emerging and influential powers.
SCFR Online – Opinion: Iran’s active deterrence strategy, while increasing the costs of US intervention, has increasingly exposed the hidden rifts between Washington’s interests and those of the Israeli regime.
SCFR Online – Opinion: The escalation of verbal and strategic tensions between Turkey and the Israeli regime, although not increasing the likelihood of direct war, indicates the formation of a new order in West Asian geopolitical rivalries.
Strategic Council Online – Note: Recent developments in the political geography of West Asia, from rising tensions in the Persian Gulf to missile and drone activities in the Red Sea and the recent warning by Kaja Kallas, the European Union’s foreign policy chief, regarding the threat to freedom of navigation, indicate a key pattern shift; the US-Iran war has moved beyond the scope of a regional and local confrontation and has linked two vital passageways for the global economy: the Strait of Hormuz and the Bab el-Mandeb Strait.
SCFR Online – Opinion: The Ukraine war was not merely a European crisis, but rather the starting point for the rearrangement of the global balance of power and a shift in the strategic behavior of great powers.
SCFR Online – Opinion: Great power competition is now pursued more in trade, currency, technology, and global supply chains than on the battlefields of military confrontation.
Strategic Council Online—Interview: An expert on European issues said: Algeria recently announced that it will recall its ambassador from Paris following French President Emmanuel Macron’s support for the autonomy plan of the Western Sahara under the rule of the Maghreb. Macron considers this plan “the only way” to resolve the long-term disputes between the Maghreb and Algeria.
Strategic Council Online – Opinion: Establishment of relations between Morocco and the Zionist regime and signing of a security-military agreement between Rabat and Tel Aviv sparked anger of the Algerian government officials to the extent that political relations between the two neighboring countries were completely severed.
Hassan Hanizadeh – Expert on the Middle East affairs
Strategic Council Online – Opinion: After the independence of Algeria in 1962, the issue of demarcation of common borders with Morocco caused a rift between the two countries.
Ahmad Bakhshi – Expert on Africa affairs
Strategic Council Online – Interview: An analyst of Africa affairs cited the inability of the Moroccan Muslim Brotherhood to fulfill its promises and failure to meet the people’s livelihood and social demands as one of the reasons for their defeat in the parliamentary elections, adding: What we are witnessing now in that country with the support of a party is in line with strengthening the monarchy and stabilizing the conditions for the crown prince as the future king.
Strategic Council Online – Morocco is the last country that has taken measures for normalization of relations with the Zionist regime. This country, along with Egypt, Jordan, the UAE, Bahrain and Sudan, is the sixth country in the Arab world that establishes diplomatic relations with Israel. In return for the normalization of relations, Morocco received recognition of possession of Western Sahara.
Mahmoud Fazeli – Expert on international affairs
Strategic Council Online – Former Middle East director-general of the Ministry of Foreign Affairs, stating that the conflict in Western Sahara will not end easily, noted: It seems that under the current situation an opportunity has been created for the Moroccan government to make an exchange in return for official recognition of Israel and get concessions from the Trump administration at the end of his term for taking control over Western Sahara.
Strategic Council Online—Interview: An expert of Africa affairs says the Western Sahara government considers the recent intrusion of the Moroccan Army to Guerguerat in Western Sahara as the final seal on the termination of the 1991 peace accord between the two sides.
SCFR Online – Opinion: On Friday, August 7, the heads of state of three countries – Saudi Arabia, Turkey, and Pakistan – signed a text under the title “Makkah Joint Defense Agreement.”
Strategic Council Online – Note: The initiative to revive the Hejaz Railway, beyond being a transportation project, constitutes an attempt to redefine geopolitics, the economy, and Turkey’s regional position; however, its realization appears to face significant financial, security, and institutional challenges.
SCFR Online – Opinion: The Strait of Hormuz crisis is no longer merely the consequence of a military confrontation, but rather a sign of the transition from the US-centered maritime order to a new energy security structure involving the participation of emerging and influential powers.
SCFR Online – Opinion: Iran’s active deterrence strategy, while increasing the costs of US intervention, has increasingly exposed the hidden rifts between Washington’s interests and those of the Israeli regime.
SCFR Online – Opinion: The escalation of verbal and strategic tensions between Turkey and the Israeli regime, although not increasing the likelihood of direct war, indicates the formation of a new order in West Asian geopolitical rivalries.
Strategic Council Online – Note: Recent developments in the political geography of West Asia, from rising tensions in the Persian Gulf to missile and drone activities in the Red Sea and the recent warning by Kaja Kallas, the European Union’s foreign policy chief, regarding the threat to freedom of navigation, indicate a key pattern shift; the US-Iran war has moved beyond the scope of a regional and local confrontation and has linked two vital passageways for the global economy: the Strait of Hormuz and the Bab el-Mandeb Strait.
SCFR Online – Opinion: The Ukraine war was not merely a European crisis, but rather the starting point for the rearrangement of the global balance of power and a shift in the strategic behavior of great powers.
SCFR Online – Opinion: Great power competition is now pursued more in trade, currency, technology, and global supply chains than on the battlefields of military confrontation.
Strategic Council Online—Interview: An expert on European issues said: Algeria recently announced that it will recall its ambassador from Paris following French President Emmanuel Macron’s support for the autonomy plan of the Western Sahara under the rule of the Maghreb. Macron considers this plan “the only way” to resolve the long-term disputes between the Maghreb and Algeria.
Strategic Council Online – Opinion: Establishment of relations between Morocco and the Zionist regime and signing of a security-military agreement between Rabat and Tel Aviv sparked anger of the Algerian government officials to the extent that political relations between the two neighboring countries were completely severed.
Hassan Hanizadeh – Expert on the Middle East affairs
Strategic Council Online – Opinion: After the independence of Algeria in 1962, the issue of demarcation of common borders with Morocco caused a rift between the two countries.
Ahmad Bakhshi – Expert on Africa affairs
Strategic Council Online – Interview: An analyst of Africa affairs cited the inability of the Moroccan Muslim Brotherhood to fulfill its promises and failure to meet the people’s livelihood and social demands as one of the reasons for their defeat in the parliamentary elections, adding: What we are witnessing now in that country with the support of a party is in line with strengthening the monarchy and stabilizing the conditions for the crown prince as the future king.
Strategic Council Online – Morocco is the last country that has taken measures for normalization of relations with the Zionist regime. This country, along with Egypt, Jordan, the UAE, Bahrain and Sudan, is the sixth country in the Arab world that establishes diplomatic relations with Israel. In return for the normalization of relations, Morocco received recognition of possession of Western Sahara.
Mahmoud Fazeli – Expert on international affairs
Strategic Council Online – Former Middle East director-general of the Ministry of Foreign Affairs, stating that the conflict in Western Sahara will not end easily, noted: It seems that under the current situation an opportunity has been created for the Moroccan government to make an exchange in return for official recognition of Israel and get concessions from the Trump administration at the end of his term for taking control over Western Sahara.
Strategic Council Online—Interview: An expert of Africa affairs says the Western Sahara government considers the recent intrusion of the Moroccan Army to Guerguerat in Western Sahara as the final seal on the termination of the 1991 peace accord between the two sides.
Strategic Council Online—Interview: An expert on European issues said: Algeria recently announced that it will recall its ambassador from Paris following French President Emmanuel Macron’s support for the autonomy plan of the Western Sahara under the rule of the Maghreb. Macron considers this plan “the only way” to resolve the long-term disputes between the Maghreb and Algeria.
Strategic Council Online – Opinion: Establishment of relations between Morocco and the Zionist regime and signing of a security-military agreement between Rabat and Tel Aviv sparked anger of the Algerian government officials to the extent that political relations between the two neighboring countries were completely severed.
Hassan Hanizadeh – Expert on the Middle East affairs
Strategic Council Online – Opinion: After the independence of Algeria in 1962, the issue of demarcation of common borders with Morocco caused a rift between the two countries.
Ahmad Bakhshi – Expert on Africa affairs
Strategic Council Online – Interview: An analyst of Africa affairs cited the inability of the Moroccan Muslim Brotherhood to fulfill its promises and failure to meet the people’s livelihood and social demands as one of the reasons for their defeat in the parliamentary elections, adding: What we are witnessing now in that country with the support of a party is in line with strengthening the monarchy and stabilizing the conditions for the crown prince as the future king.
Strategic Council Online – Morocco is the last country that has taken measures for normalization of relations with the Zionist regime. This country, along with Egypt, Jordan, the UAE, Bahrain and Sudan, is the sixth country in the Arab world that establishes diplomatic relations with Israel. In return for the normalization of relations, Morocco received recognition of possession of Western Sahara.
Mahmoud Fazeli – Expert on international affairs
Strategic Council Online – Former Middle East director-general of the Ministry of Foreign Affairs, stating that the conflict in Western Sahara will not end easily, noted: It seems that under the current situation an opportunity has been created for the Moroccan government to make an exchange in return for official recognition of Israel and get concessions from the Trump administration at the end of his term for taking control over Western Sahara.
Strategic Council Online—Interview: An expert of Africa affairs says the Western Sahara government considers the recent intrusion of the Moroccan Army to Guerguerat in Western Sahara as the final seal on the termination of the 1991 peace accord between the two sides.
SCFR Online – Opinion: On Friday, August 7, the heads of state of three countries – Saudi Arabia, Turkey, and Pakistan – signed a text under the title “Makkah Joint Defense Agreement.”
Strategic Council Online – Note: The initiative to revive the Hejaz Railway, beyond being a transportation project, constitutes an attempt to redefine geopolitics, the economy, and Turkey’s regional position; however, its realization appears to face significant financial, security, and institutional challenges.
SCFR Online – Opinion: The Strait of Hormuz crisis is no longer merely the consequence of a military confrontation, but rather a sign of the transition from the US-centered maritime order to a new energy security structure involving the participation of emerging and influential powers.
SCFR Online – Opinion: Iran’s active deterrence strategy, while increasing the costs of US intervention, has increasingly exposed the hidden rifts between Washington’s interests and those of the Israeli regime.
SCFR Online – Opinion: The escalation of verbal and strategic tensions between Turkey and the Israeli regime, although not increasing the likelihood of direct war, indicates the formation of a new order in West Asian geopolitical rivalries.
Strategic Council Online – Note: Recent developments in the political geography of West Asia, from rising tensions in the Persian Gulf to missile and drone activities in the Red Sea and the recent warning by Kaja Kallas, the European Union’s foreign policy chief, regarding the threat to freedom of navigation, indicate a key pattern shift; the US-Iran war has moved beyond the scope of a regional and local confrontation and has linked two vital passageways for the global economy: the Strait of Hormuz and the Bab el-Mandeb Strait.
SCFR Online – Opinion: The Ukraine war was not merely a European crisis, but rather the starting point for the rearrangement of the global balance of power and a shift in the strategic behavior of great powers.
SCFR Online – Opinion: Great power competition is now pursued more in trade, currency, technology, and global supply chains than on the battlefields of military confrontation.
Strategic Council Online—Interview: An expert on European issues said: Algeria recently announced that it will recall its ambassador from Paris following French President Emmanuel Macron’s support for the autonomy plan of the Western Sahara under the rule of the Maghreb. Macron considers this plan “the only way” to resolve the long-term disputes between the Maghreb and Algeria.
Strategic Council Online – Opinion: Establishment of relations between Morocco and the Zionist regime and signing of a security-military agreement between Rabat and Tel Aviv sparked anger of the Algerian government officials to the extent that political relations between the two neighboring countries were completely severed.
Hassan Hanizadeh – Expert on the Middle East affairs
Strategic Council Online – Opinion: After the independence of Algeria in 1962, the issue of demarcation of common borders with Morocco caused a rift between the two countries.
Ahmad Bakhshi – Expert on Africa affairs
Strategic Council Online – Interview: An analyst of Africa affairs cited the inability of the Moroccan Muslim Brotherhood to fulfill its promises and failure to meet the people’s livelihood and social demands as one of the reasons for their defeat in the parliamentary elections, adding: What we are witnessing now in that country with the support of a party is in line with strengthening the monarchy and stabilizing the conditions for the crown prince as the future king.
Strategic Council Online – Morocco is the last country that has taken measures for normalization of relations with the Zionist regime. This country, along with Egypt, Jordan, the UAE, Bahrain and Sudan, is the sixth country in the Arab world that establishes diplomatic relations with Israel. In return for the normalization of relations, Morocco received recognition of possession of Western Sahara.
Mahmoud Fazeli – Expert on international affairs
Strategic Council Online – Former Middle East director-general of the Ministry of Foreign Affairs, stating that the conflict in Western Sahara will not end easily, noted: It seems that under the current situation an opportunity has been created for the Moroccan government to make an exchange in return for official recognition of Israel and get concessions from the Trump administration at the end of his term for taking control over Western Sahara.
Strategic Council Online—Interview: An expert of Africa affairs says the Western Sahara government considers the recent intrusion of the Moroccan Army to Guerguerat in Western Sahara as the final seal on the termination of the 1991 peace accord between the two sides.
SCFR Online – Opinion: On Friday, August 7, the heads of state of three countries – Saudi Arabia, Turkey, and Pakistan – signed a text under the title “Makkah Joint Defense Agreement.”
Strategic Council Online – Note: The initiative to revive the Hejaz Railway, beyond being a transportation project, constitutes an attempt to redefine geopolitics, the economy, and Turkey’s regional position; however, its realization appears to face significant financial, security, and institutional challenges.
SCFR Online – Opinion: The Strait of Hormuz crisis is no longer merely the consequence of a military confrontation, but rather a sign of the transition from the US-centered maritime order to a new energy security structure involving the participation of emerging and influential powers.
SCFR Online – Opinion: Iran’s active deterrence strategy, while increasing the costs of US intervention, has increasingly exposed the hidden rifts between Washington’s interests and those of the Israeli regime.
SCFR Online – Opinion: The escalation of verbal and strategic tensions between Turkey and the Israeli regime, although not increasing the likelihood of direct war, indicates the formation of a new order in West Asian geopolitical rivalries.
Strategic Council Online – Note: Recent developments in the political geography of West Asia, from rising tensions in the Persian Gulf to missile and drone activities in the Red Sea and the recent warning by Kaja Kallas, the European Union’s foreign policy chief, regarding the threat to freedom of navigation, indicate a key pattern shift; the US-Iran war has moved beyond the scope of a regional and local confrontation and has linked two vital passageways for the global economy: the Strait of Hormuz and the Bab el-Mandeb Strait.
SCFR Online – Opinion: The Ukraine war was not merely a European crisis, but rather the starting point for the rearrangement of the global balance of power and a shift in the strategic behavior of great powers.
SCFR Online – Opinion: Great power competition is now pursued more in trade, currency, technology, and global supply chains than on the battlefields of military confrontation.
Strategic Council Online—Interview: An expert on European issues said: Algeria recently announced that it will recall its ambassador from Paris following French President Emmanuel Macron’s support for the autonomy plan of the Western Sahara under the rule of the Maghreb. Macron considers this plan “the only way” to resolve the long-term disputes between the Maghreb and Algeria.
Strategic Council Online – Opinion: Establishment of relations between Morocco and the Zionist regime and signing of a security-military agreement between Rabat and Tel Aviv sparked anger of the Algerian government officials to the extent that political relations between the two neighboring countries were completely severed.
Hassan Hanizadeh – Expert on the Middle East affairs
Strategic Council Online – Opinion: After the independence of Algeria in 1962, the issue of demarcation of common borders with Morocco caused a rift between the two countries.
Ahmad Bakhshi – Expert on Africa affairs
Strategic Council Online – Interview: An analyst of Africa affairs cited the inability of the Moroccan Muslim Brotherhood to fulfill its promises and failure to meet the people’s livelihood and social demands as one of the reasons for their defeat in the parliamentary elections, adding: What we are witnessing now in that country with the support of a party is in line with strengthening the monarchy and stabilizing the conditions for the crown prince as the future king.
Strategic Council Online – Morocco is the last country that has taken measures for normalization of relations with the Zionist regime. This country, along with Egypt, Jordan, the UAE, Bahrain and Sudan, is the sixth country in the Arab world that establishes diplomatic relations with Israel. In return for the normalization of relations, Morocco received recognition of possession of Western Sahara.
Mahmoud Fazeli – Expert on international affairs
Strategic Council Online – Former Middle East director-general of the Ministry of Foreign Affairs, stating that the conflict in Western Sahara will not end easily, noted: It seems that under the current situation an opportunity has been created for the Moroccan government to make an exchange in return for official recognition of Israel and get concessions from the Trump administration at the end of his term for taking control over Western Sahara.
Strategic Council Online—Interview: An expert of Africa affairs says the Western Sahara government considers the recent intrusion of the Moroccan Army to Guerguerat in Western Sahara as the final seal on the termination of the 1991 peace accord between the two sides.
SCFR Online – Opinion: On Friday, August 7, the heads of state of three countries – Saudi Arabia, Turkey, and Pakistan – signed a text under the title “Makkah Joint Defense Agreement.”
Strategic Council Online – Note: The initiative to revive the Hejaz Railway, beyond being a transportation project, constitutes an attempt to redefine geopolitics, the economy, and Turkey’s regional position; however, its realization appears to face significant financial, security, and institutional challenges.
SCFR Online – Opinion: The Strait of Hormuz crisis is no longer merely the consequence of a military confrontation, but rather a sign of the transition from the US-centered maritime order to a new energy security structure involving the participation of emerging and influential powers.
SCFR Online – Opinion: Iran’s active deterrence strategy, while increasing the costs of US intervention, has increasingly exposed the hidden rifts between Washington’s interests and those of the Israeli regime.
SCFR Online – Opinion: The escalation of verbal and strategic tensions between Turkey and the Israeli regime, although not increasing the likelihood of direct war, indicates the formation of a new order in West Asian geopolitical rivalries.
Strategic Council Online – Note: Recent developments in the political geography of West Asia, from rising tensions in the Persian Gulf to missile and drone activities in the Red Sea and the recent warning by Kaja Kallas, the European Union’s foreign policy chief, regarding the threat to freedom of navigation, indicate a key pattern shift; the US-Iran war has moved beyond the scope of a regional and local confrontation and has linked two vital passageways for the global economy: the Strait of Hormuz and the Bab el-Mandeb Strait.
SCFR Online – Opinion: The Ukraine war was not merely a European crisis, but rather the starting point for the rearrangement of the global balance of power and a shift in the strategic behavior of great powers.
SCFR Online – Opinion: Great power competition is now pursued more in trade, currency, technology, and global supply chains than on the battlefields of military confrontation.
Strategic Council Online—Interview: An expert on European issues said: Algeria recently announced that it will recall its ambassador from Paris following French President Emmanuel Macron’s support for the autonomy plan of the Western Sahara under the rule of the Maghreb. Macron considers this plan “the only way” to resolve the long-term disputes between the Maghreb and Algeria.
Strategic Council Online – Opinion: Establishment of relations between Morocco and the Zionist regime and signing of a security-military agreement between Rabat and Tel Aviv sparked anger of the Algerian government officials to the extent that political relations between the two neighboring countries were completely severed.
Hassan Hanizadeh – Expert on the Middle East affairs
Strategic Council Online – Opinion: After the independence of Algeria in 1962, the issue of demarcation of common borders with Morocco caused a rift between the two countries.
Ahmad Bakhshi – Expert on Africa affairs
Strategic Council Online – Interview: An analyst of Africa affairs cited the inability of the Moroccan Muslim Brotherhood to fulfill its promises and failure to meet the people’s livelihood and social demands as one of the reasons for their defeat in the parliamentary elections, adding: What we are witnessing now in that country with the support of a party is in line with strengthening the monarchy and stabilizing the conditions for the crown prince as the future king.
Strategic Council Online – Morocco is the last country that has taken measures for normalization of relations with the Zionist regime. This country, along with Egypt, Jordan, the UAE, Bahrain and Sudan, is the sixth country in the Arab world that establishes diplomatic relations with Israel. In return for the normalization of relations, Morocco received recognition of possession of Western Sahara.
Mahmoud Fazeli – Expert on international affairs
Strategic Council Online – Former Middle East director-general of the Ministry of Foreign Affairs, stating that the conflict in Western Sahara will not end easily, noted: It seems that under the current situation an opportunity has been created for the Moroccan government to make an exchange in return for official recognition of Israel and get concessions from the Trump administration at the end of his term for taking control over Western Sahara.
Strategic Council Online—Interview: An expert of Africa affairs says the Western Sahara government considers the recent intrusion of the Moroccan Army to Guerguerat in Western Sahara as the final seal on the termination of the 1991 peace accord between the two sides.
SCFR Online – Opinion: On Friday, August 7, the heads of state of three countries – Saudi Arabia, Turkey, and Pakistan – signed a text under the title “Makkah Joint Defense Agreement.”
Strategic Council Online – Note: The initiative to revive the Hejaz Railway, beyond being a transportation project, constitutes an attempt to redefine geopolitics, the economy, and Turkey’s regional position; however, its realization appears to face significant financial, security, and institutional challenges.
SCFR Online – Opinion: The Strait of Hormuz crisis is no longer merely the consequence of a military confrontation, but rather a sign of the transition from the US-centered maritime order to a new energy security structure involving the participation of emerging and influential powers.
SCFR Online – Opinion: Iran’s active deterrence strategy, while increasing the costs of US intervention, has increasingly exposed the hidden rifts between Washington’s interests and those of the Israeli regime.
SCFR Online – Opinion: The escalation of verbal and strategic tensions between Turkey and the Israeli regime, although not increasing the likelihood of direct war, indicates the formation of a new order in West Asian geopolitical rivalries.
Strategic Council Online – Note: Recent developments in the political geography of West Asia, from rising tensions in the Persian Gulf to missile and drone activities in the Red Sea and the recent warning by Kaja Kallas, the European Union’s foreign policy chief, regarding the threat to freedom of navigation, indicate a key pattern shift; the US-Iran war has moved beyond the scope of a regional and local confrontation and has linked two vital passageways for the global economy: the Strait of Hormuz and the Bab el-Mandeb Strait.
SCFR Online – Opinion: The Ukraine war was not merely a European crisis, but rather the starting point for the rearrangement of the global balance of power and a shift in the strategic behavior of great powers.
SCFR Online – Opinion: Great power competition is now pursued more in trade, currency, technology, and global supply chains than on the battlefields of military confrontation.
Strategic Council Online—Interview: An expert on European issues said: Algeria recently announced that it will recall its ambassador from Paris following French President Emmanuel Macron’s support for the autonomy plan of the Western Sahara under the rule of the Maghreb. Macron considers this plan “the only way” to resolve the long-term disputes between the Maghreb and Algeria.
Strategic Council Online – Opinion: Establishment of relations between Morocco and the Zionist regime and signing of a security-military agreement between Rabat and Tel Aviv sparked anger of the Algerian government officials to the extent that political relations between the two neighboring countries were completely severed.
Hassan Hanizadeh – Expert on the Middle East affairs
Strategic Council Online – Opinion: After the independence of Algeria in 1962, the issue of demarcation of common borders with Morocco caused a rift between the two countries.
Ahmad Bakhshi – Expert on Africa affairs
Strategic Council Online – Interview: An analyst of Africa affairs cited the inability of the Moroccan Muslim Brotherhood to fulfill its promises and failure to meet the people’s livelihood and social demands as one of the reasons for their defeat in the parliamentary elections, adding: What we are witnessing now in that country with the support of a party is in line with strengthening the monarchy and stabilizing the conditions for the crown prince as the future king.
Strategic Council Online – Morocco is the last country that has taken measures for normalization of relations with the Zionist regime. This country, along with Egypt, Jordan, the UAE, Bahrain and Sudan, is the sixth country in the Arab world that establishes diplomatic relations with Israel. In return for the normalization of relations, Morocco received recognition of possession of Western Sahara.
Mahmoud Fazeli – Expert on international affairs
Strategic Council Online – Former Middle East director-general of the Ministry of Foreign Affairs, stating that the conflict in Western Sahara will not end easily, noted: It seems that under the current situation an opportunity has been created for the Moroccan government to make an exchange in return for official recognition of Israel and get concessions from the Trump administration at the end of his term for taking control over Western Sahara.
Strategic Council Online—Interview: An expert of Africa affairs says the Western Sahara government considers the recent intrusion of the Moroccan Army to Guerguerat in Western Sahara as the final seal on the termination of the 1991 peace accord between the two sides.
SCFR Online – Opinion: On Friday, August 7, the heads of state of three countries – Saudi Arabia, Turkey, and Pakistan – signed a text under the title “Makkah Joint Defense Agreement.”
Strategic Council Online – Note: The initiative to revive the Hejaz Railway, beyond being a transportation project, constitutes an attempt to redefine geopolitics, the economy, and Turkey’s regional position; however, its realization appears to face significant financial, security, and institutional challenges.
SCFR Online – Opinion: The Strait of Hormuz crisis is no longer merely the consequence of a military confrontation, but rather a sign of the transition from the US-centered maritime order to a new energy security structure involving the participation of emerging and influential powers.
SCFR Online – Opinion: Iran’s active deterrence strategy, while increasing the costs of US intervention, has increasingly exposed the hidden rifts between Washington’s interests and those of the Israeli regime.
SCFR Online – Opinion: The escalation of verbal and strategic tensions between Turkey and the Israeli regime, although not increasing the likelihood of direct war, indicates the formation of a new order in West Asian geopolitical rivalries.
Strategic Council Online – Note: Recent developments in the political geography of West Asia, from rising tensions in the Persian Gulf to missile and drone activities in the Red Sea and the recent warning by Kaja Kallas, the European Union’s foreign policy chief, regarding the threat to freedom of navigation, indicate a key pattern shift; the US-Iran war has moved beyond the scope of a regional and local confrontation and has linked two vital passageways for the global economy: the Strait of Hormuz and the Bab el-Mandeb Strait.
SCFR Online – Opinion: The Ukraine war was not merely a European crisis, but rather the starting point for the rearrangement of the global balance of power and a shift in the strategic behavior of great powers.
SCFR Online – Opinion: Great power competition is now pursued more in trade, currency, technology, and global supply chains than on the battlefields of military confrontation.