An Analysis of the Makkah Defense Pact
SCFR Online – Opinion: On Friday, August 7, the heads of state of three countries – Saudi Arabia, Turkey, and Pakistan – signed a text under the title “Makkah Joint Defense Agreement.”
SCFR Online – Opinion: On Friday, August 7, the heads of state of three countries – Saudi Arabia, Turkey, and Pakistan – signed a text under the title “Makkah Joint Defense Agreement.”
Strategic Council Online – Note: The initiative to revive the Hejaz Railway, beyond being a transportation project, constitutes an attempt to redefine geopolitics, the economy, and Turkey’s regional position; however, its realization appears to face significant financial, security, and institutional challenges.
SCFR Online – Opinion: The Strait of Hormuz crisis is no longer merely the consequence of a military confrontation, but rather a sign of the transition from the US-centered maritime order to a new energy security structure involving the participation of emerging and influential powers.
SCFR Online – Opinion: Iran’s active deterrence strategy, while increasing the costs of US intervention, has increasingly exposed the hidden rifts between Washington’s interests and those of the Israeli regime.
SCFR Online – Opinion: The escalation of verbal and strategic tensions between Turkey and the Israeli regime, although not increasing the likelihood of direct war, indicates the formation of a new order in West Asian geopolitical rivalries.
Strategic Council Online – Note: Recent developments in the political geography of West Asia, from rising tensions in the Persian Gulf to missile and drone activities in the Red Sea and the recent warning by Kaja Kallas, the European Union’s foreign policy chief, regarding the threat to freedom of navigation, indicate a key pattern shift; the US-Iran war has moved beyond the scope of a regional and local confrontation and has linked two vital passageways for the global economy: the Strait of Hormuz and the Bab el-Mandeb Strait.
SCFR Online – Opinion: The Ukraine war was not merely a European crisis, but rather the starting point for the rearrangement of the global balance of power and a shift in the strategic behavior of great powers.
SCFR Online – Opinion: Great power competition is now pursued more in trade, currency, technology, and global supply chains than on the battlefields of military confrontation.
Strategy Council Online – An expert on Europe affairs said that the Europeans considered the Iran Nuclear Agreement a great political and security achievement and for this reason stood up to Donald Trump’s position on withdrawing from what is also known as the Joint Comprehensive Plan of Action (JCPOA).
Online Strategic Council–editorial: Even though Donald Trump remains adamant in weakening international organizations with his unilateral thinking, the world stands united in recognizing the role of the United Nations and the Security Council in settling disputes. This seems to be a positive development.
Dr Abdorreza Farajirad- Geopolitical analyst
Strategic Council Online – Arab states, especially Saudi Arabia, Jordan and Egypt, are trying to pull Iraq from the ideological sphere to the atmosphere of Arab reaction in order to deepen the distance between Tehran and Baghdad politically and ideologically.
Hassan Hanizadeh – Middle East Affairs Expert
Strategic Council Online – An international affairs analyst referring to the formation of the International Resistance Front against US unilateral action to activate the trigger mechanism, said: “The Trump administration intends to gamble big with the last leaf at its disposal, but up to this point the issue could be considered the second failure for the Trump administration in its recent campaign against Iran.”
Strategic Council Online: Explaining the US efforts to release a UN Security Council resolution against Iran and activating the trigger mechanism, a university professor said: “A decisive response must be given to those who fully understand that their actions will not be without a cost, otherwise Biden’s victory in the presidential election would be more dangerous for Iran than Trump.”
SCFR Online – Opinion: On Friday, August 7, the heads of state of three countries – Saudi Arabia, Turkey, and Pakistan – signed a text under the title “Makkah Joint Defense Agreement.”
Strategic Council Online – Note: The initiative to revive the Hejaz Railway, beyond being a transportation project, constitutes an attempt to redefine geopolitics, the economy, and Turkey’s regional position; however, its realization appears to face significant financial, security, and institutional challenges.
SCFR Online – Opinion: The Strait of Hormuz crisis is no longer merely the consequence of a military confrontation, but rather a sign of the transition from the US-centered maritime order to a new energy security structure involving the participation of emerging and influential powers.
SCFR Online – Opinion: Iran’s active deterrence strategy, while increasing the costs of US intervention, has increasingly exposed the hidden rifts between Washington’s interests and those of the Israeli regime.
SCFR Online – Opinion: The escalation of verbal and strategic tensions between Turkey and the Israeli regime, although not increasing the likelihood of direct war, indicates the formation of a new order in West Asian geopolitical rivalries.
Strategic Council Online – Note: Recent developments in the political geography of West Asia, from rising tensions in the Persian Gulf to missile and drone activities in the Red Sea and the recent warning by Kaja Kallas, the European Union’s foreign policy chief, regarding the threat to freedom of navigation, indicate a key pattern shift; the US-Iran war has moved beyond the scope of a regional and local confrontation and has linked two vital passageways for the global economy: the Strait of Hormuz and the Bab el-Mandeb Strait.
SCFR Online – Opinion: The Ukraine war was not merely a European crisis, but rather the starting point for the rearrangement of the global balance of power and a shift in the strategic behavior of great powers.
SCFR Online – Opinion: Great power competition is now pursued more in trade, currency, technology, and global supply chains than on the battlefields of military confrontation.
Strategy Council Online – An expert on Europe affairs said that the Europeans considered the Iran Nuclear Agreement a great political and security achievement and for this reason stood up to Donald Trump’s position on withdrawing from what is also known as the Joint Comprehensive Plan of Action (JCPOA).
Online Strategic Council–editorial: Even though Donald Trump remains adamant in weakening international organizations with his unilateral thinking, the world stands united in recognizing the role of the United Nations and the Security Council in settling disputes. This seems to be a positive development.
Dr Abdorreza Farajirad- Geopolitical analyst
Strategic Council Online – Arab states, especially Saudi Arabia, Jordan and Egypt, are trying to pull Iraq from the ideological sphere to the atmosphere of Arab reaction in order to deepen the distance between Tehran and Baghdad politically and ideologically.
Hassan Hanizadeh – Middle East Affairs Expert
Strategic Council Online – An international affairs analyst referring to the formation of the International Resistance Front against US unilateral action to activate the trigger mechanism, said: “The Trump administration intends to gamble big with the last leaf at its disposal, but up to this point the issue could be considered the second failure for the Trump administration in its recent campaign against Iran.”
Strategic Council Online: Explaining the US efforts to release a UN Security Council resolution against Iran and activating the trigger mechanism, a university professor said: “A decisive response must be given to those who fully understand that their actions will not be without a cost, otherwise Biden’s victory in the presidential election would be more dangerous for Iran than Trump.”
Strategy Council Online – An expert on Europe affairs said that the Europeans considered the Iran Nuclear Agreement a great political and security achievement and for this reason stood up to Donald Trump’s position on withdrawing from what is also known as the Joint Comprehensive Plan of Action (JCPOA).
Online Strategic Council–editorial: Even though Donald Trump remains adamant in weakening international organizations with his unilateral thinking, the world stands united in recognizing the role of the United Nations and the Security Council in settling disputes. This seems to be a positive development.
Dr Abdorreza Farajirad- Geopolitical analyst
Strategic Council Online – Arab states, especially Saudi Arabia, Jordan and Egypt, are trying to pull Iraq from the ideological sphere to the atmosphere of Arab reaction in order to deepen the distance between Tehran and Baghdad politically and ideologically.
Hassan Hanizadeh – Middle East Affairs Expert
Strategic Council Online – An international affairs analyst referring to the formation of the International Resistance Front against US unilateral action to activate the trigger mechanism, said: “The Trump administration intends to gamble big with the last leaf at its disposal, but up to this point the issue could be considered the second failure for the Trump administration in its recent campaign against Iran.”
Strategic Council Online: Explaining the US efforts to release a UN Security Council resolution against Iran and activating the trigger mechanism, a university professor said: “A decisive response must be given to those who fully understand that their actions will not be without a cost, otherwise Biden’s victory in the presidential election would be more dangerous for Iran than Trump.”
SCFR Online – Opinion: On Friday, August 7, the heads of state of three countries – Saudi Arabia, Turkey, and Pakistan – signed a text under the title “Makkah Joint Defense Agreement.”
Strategic Council Online – Note: The initiative to revive the Hejaz Railway, beyond being a transportation project, constitutes an attempt to redefine geopolitics, the economy, and Turkey’s regional position; however, its realization appears to face significant financial, security, and institutional challenges.
SCFR Online – Opinion: The Strait of Hormuz crisis is no longer merely the consequence of a military confrontation, but rather a sign of the transition from the US-centered maritime order to a new energy security structure involving the participation of emerging and influential powers.
SCFR Online – Opinion: Iran’s active deterrence strategy, while increasing the costs of US intervention, has increasingly exposed the hidden rifts between Washington’s interests and those of the Israeli regime.
SCFR Online – Opinion: The escalation of verbal and strategic tensions between Turkey and the Israeli regime, although not increasing the likelihood of direct war, indicates the formation of a new order in West Asian geopolitical rivalries.
Strategic Council Online – Note: Recent developments in the political geography of West Asia, from rising tensions in the Persian Gulf to missile and drone activities in the Red Sea and the recent warning by Kaja Kallas, the European Union’s foreign policy chief, regarding the threat to freedom of navigation, indicate a key pattern shift; the US-Iran war has moved beyond the scope of a regional and local confrontation and has linked two vital passageways for the global economy: the Strait of Hormuz and the Bab el-Mandeb Strait.
SCFR Online – Opinion: The Ukraine war was not merely a European crisis, but rather the starting point for the rearrangement of the global balance of power and a shift in the strategic behavior of great powers.
SCFR Online – Opinion: Great power competition is now pursued more in trade, currency, technology, and global supply chains than on the battlefields of military confrontation.
Strategy Council Online – An expert on Europe affairs said that the Europeans considered the Iran Nuclear Agreement a great political and security achievement and for this reason stood up to Donald Trump’s position on withdrawing from what is also known as the Joint Comprehensive Plan of Action (JCPOA).
Online Strategic Council–editorial: Even though Donald Trump remains adamant in weakening international organizations with his unilateral thinking, the world stands united in recognizing the role of the United Nations and the Security Council in settling disputes. This seems to be a positive development.
Dr Abdorreza Farajirad- Geopolitical analyst
Strategic Council Online – Arab states, especially Saudi Arabia, Jordan and Egypt, are trying to pull Iraq from the ideological sphere to the atmosphere of Arab reaction in order to deepen the distance between Tehran and Baghdad politically and ideologically.
Hassan Hanizadeh – Middle East Affairs Expert
Strategic Council Online – An international affairs analyst referring to the formation of the International Resistance Front against US unilateral action to activate the trigger mechanism, said: “The Trump administration intends to gamble big with the last leaf at its disposal, but up to this point the issue could be considered the second failure for the Trump administration in its recent campaign against Iran.”
Strategic Council Online: Explaining the US efforts to release a UN Security Council resolution against Iran and activating the trigger mechanism, a university professor said: “A decisive response must be given to those who fully understand that their actions will not be without a cost, otherwise Biden’s victory in the presidential election would be more dangerous for Iran than Trump.”
SCFR Online – Opinion: On Friday, August 7, the heads of state of three countries – Saudi Arabia, Turkey, and Pakistan – signed a text under the title “Makkah Joint Defense Agreement.”
Strategic Council Online – Note: The initiative to revive the Hejaz Railway, beyond being a transportation project, constitutes an attempt to redefine geopolitics, the economy, and Turkey’s regional position; however, its realization appears to face significant financial, security, and institutional challenges.
SCFR Online – Opinion: The Strait of Hormuz crisis is no longer merely the consequence of a military confrontation, but rather a sign of the transition from the US-centered maritime order to a new energy security structure involving the participation of emerging and influential powers.
SCFR Online – Opinion: Iran’s active deterrence strategy, while increasing the costs of US intervention, has increasingly exposed the hidden rifts between Washington’s interests and those of the Israeli regime.
SCFR Online – Opinion: The escalation of verbal and strategic tensions between Turkey and the Israeli regime, although not increasing the likelihood of direct war, indicates the formation of a new order in West Asian geopolitical rivalries.
Strategic Council Online – Note: Recent developments in the political geography of West Asia, from rising tensions in the Persian Gulf to missile and drone activities in the Red Sea and the recent warning by Kaja Kallas, the European Union’s foreign policy chief, regarding the threat to freedom of navigation, indicate a key pattern shift; the US-Iran war has moved beyond the scope of a regional and local confrontation and has linked two vital passageways for the global economy: the Strait of Hormuz and the Bab el-Mandeb Strait.
SCFR Online – Opinion: The Ukraine war was not merely a European crisis, but rather the starting point for the rearrangement of the global balance of power and a shift in the strategic behavior of great powers.
SCFR Online – Opinion: Great power competition is now pursued more in trade, currency, technology, and global supply chains than on the battlefields of military confrontation.
Strategy Council Online – An expert on Europe affairs said that the Europeans considered the Iran Nuclear Agreement a great political and security achievement and for this reason stood up to Donald Trump’s position on withdrawing from what is also known as the Joint Comprehensive Plan of Action (JCPOA).
Online Strategic Council–editorial: Even though Donald Trump remains adamant in weakening international organizations with his unilateral thinking, the world stands united in recognizing the role of the United Nations and the Security Council in settling disputes. This seems to be a positive development.
Dr Abdorreza Farajirad- Geopolitical analyst
Strategic Council Online – Arab states, especially Saudi Arabia, Jordan and Egypt, are trying to pull Iraq from the ideological sphere to the atmosphere of Arab reaction in order to deepen the distance between Tehran and Baghdad politically and ideologically.
Hassan Hanizadeh – Middle East Affairs Expert
Strategic Council Online – An international affairs analyst referring to the formation of the International Resistance Front against US unilateral action to activate the trigger mechanism, said: “The Trump administration intends to gamble big with the last leaf at its disposal, but up to this point the issue could be considered the second failure for the Trump administration in its recent campaign against Iran.”
Strategic Council Online: Explaining the US efforts to release a UN Security Council resolution against Iran and activating the trigger mechanism, a university professor said: “A decisive response must be given to those who fully understand that their actions will not be without a cost, otherwise Biden’s victory in the presidential election would be more dangerous for Iran than Trump.”
SCFR Online – Opinion: On Friday, August 7, the heads of state of three countries – Saudi Arabia, Turkey, and Pakistan – signed a text under the title “Makkah Joint Defense Agreement.”
Strategic Council Online – Note: The initiative to revive the Hejaz Railway, beyond being a transportation project, constitutes an attempt to redefine geopolitics, the economy, and Turkey’s regional position; however, its realization appears to face significant financial, security, and institutional challenges.
SCFR Online – Opinion: The Strait of Hormuz crisis is no longer merely the consequence of a military confrontation, but rather a sign of the transition from the US-centered maritime order to a new energy security structure involving the participation of emerging and influential powers.
SCFR Online – Opinion: Iran’s active deterrence strategy, while increasing the costs of US intervention, has increasingly exposed the hidden rifts between Washington’s interests and those of the Israeli regime.
SCFR Online – Opinion: The escalation of verbal and strategic tensions between Turkey and the Israeli regime, although not increasing the likelihood of direct war, indicates the formation of a new order in West Asian geopolitical rivalries.
Strategic Council Online – Note: Recent developments in the political geography of West Asia, from rising tensions in the Persian Gulf to missile and drone activities in the Red Sea and the recent warning by Kaja Kallas, the European Union’s foreign policy chief, regarding the threat to freedom of navigation, indicate a key pattern shift; the US-Iran war has moved beyond the scope of a regional and local confrontation and has linked two vital passageways for the global economy: the Strait of Hormuz and the Bab el-Mandeb Strait.
SCFR Online – Opinion: The Ukraine war was not merely a European crisis, but rather the starting point for the rearrangement of the global balance of power and a shift in the strategic behavior of great powers.
SCFR Online – Opinion: Great power competition is now pursued more in trade, currency, technology, and global supply chains than on the battlefields of military confrontation.
Strategy Council Online – An expert on Europe affairs said that the Europeans considered the Iran Nuclear Agreement a great political and security achievement and for this reason stood up to Donald Trump’s position on withdrawing from what is also known as the Joint Comprehensive Plan of Action (JCPOA).
Online Strategic Council–editorial: Even though Donald Trump remains adamant in weakening international organizations with his unilateral thinking, the world stands united in recognizing the role of the United Nations and the Security Council in settling disputes. This seems to be a positive development.
Dr Abdorreza Farajirad- Geopolitical analyst
Strategic Council Online – Arab states, especially Saudi Arabia, Jordan and Egypt, are trying to pull Iraq from the ideological sphere to the atmosphere of Arab reaction in order to deepen the distance between Tehran and Baghdad politically and ideologically.
Hassan Hanizadeh – Middle East Affairs Expert
Strategic Council Online – An international affairs analyst referring to the formation of the International Resistance Front against US unilateral action to activate the trigger mechanism, said: “The Trump administration intends to gamble big with the last leaf at its disposal, but up to this point the issue could be considered the second failure for the Trump administration in its recent campaign against Iran.”
Strategic Council Online: Explaining the US efforts to release a UN Security Council resolution against Iran and activating the trigger mechanism, a university professor said: “A decisive response must be given to those who fully understand that their actions will not be without a cost, otherwise Biden’s victory in the presidential election would be more dangerous for Iran than Trump.”
SCFR Online – Opinion: On Friday, August 7, the heads of state of three countries – Saudi Arabia, Turkey, and Pakistan – signed a text under the title “Makkah Joint Defense Agreement.”
Strategic Council Online – Note: The initiative to revive the Hejaz Railway, beyond being a transportation project, constitutes an attempt to redefine geopolitics, the economy, and Turkey’s regional position; however, its realization appears to face significant financial, security, and institutional challenges.
SCFR Online – Opinion: The Strait of Hormuz crisis is no longer merely the consequence of a military confrontation, but rather a sign of the transition from the US-centered maritime order to a new energy security structure involving the participation of emerging and influential powers.
SCFR Online – Opinion: Iran’s active deterrence strategy, while increasing the costs of US intervention, has increasingly exposed the hidden rifts between Washington’s interests and those of the Israeli regime.
SCFR Online – Opinion: The escalation of verbal and strategic tensions between Turkey and the Israeli regime, although not increasing the likelihood of direct war, indicates the formation of a new order in West Asian geopolitical rivalries.
Strategic Council Online – Note: Recent developments in the political geography of West Asia, from rising tensions in the Persian Gulf to missile and drone activities in the Red Sea and the recent warning by Kaja Kallas, the European Union’s foreign policy chief, regarding the threat to freedom of navigation, indicate a key pattern shift; the US-Iran war has moved beyond the scope of a regional and local confrontation and has linked two vital passageways for the global economy: the Strait of Hormuz and the Bab el-Mandeb Strait.
SCFR Online – Opinion: The Ukraine war was not merely a European crisis, but rather the starting point for the rearrangement of the global balance of power and a shift in the strategic behavior of great powers.
SCFR Online – Opinion: Great power competition is now pursued more in trade, currency, technology, and global supply chains than on the battlefields of military confrontation.
Strategy Council Online – An expert on Europe affairs said that the Europeans considered the Iran Nuclear Agreement a great political and security achievement and for this reason stood up to Donald Trump’s position on withdrawing from what is also known as the Joint Comprehensive Plan of Action (JCPOA).
Online Strategic Council–editorial: Even though Donald Trump remains adamant in weakening international organizations with his unilateral thinking, the world stands united in recognizing the role of the United Nations and the Security Council in settling disputes. This seems to be a positive development.
Dr Abdorreza Farajirad- Geopolitical analyst
Strategic Council Online – Arab states, especially Saudi Arabia, Jordan and Egypt, are trying to pull Iraq from the ideological sphere to the atmosphere of Arab reaction in order to deepen the distance between Tehran and Baghdad politically and ideologically.
Hassan Hanizadeh – Middle East Affairs Expert
Strategic Council Online – An international affairs analyst referring to the formation of the International Resistance Front against US unilateral action to activate the trigger mechanism, said: “The Trump administration intends to gamble big with the last leaf at its disposal, but up to this point the issue could be considered the second failure for the Trump administration in its recent campaign against Iran.”
Strategic Council Online: Explaining the US efforts to release a UN Security Council resolution against Iran and activating the trigger mechanism, a university professor said: “A decisive response must be given to those who fully understand that their actions will not be without a cost, otherwise Biden’s victory in the presidential election would be more dangerous for Iran than Trump.”
SCFR Online – Opinion: On Friday, August 7, the heads of state of three countries – Saudi Arabia, Turkey, and Pakistan – signed a text under the title “Makkah Joint Defense Agreement.”
Strategic Council Online – Note: The initiative to revive the Hejaz Railway, beyond being a transportation project, constitutes an attempt to redefine geopolitics, the economy, and Turkey’s regional position; however, its realization appears to face significant financial, security, and institutional challenges.
SCFR Online – Opinion: The Strait of Hormuz crisis is no longer merely the consequence of a military confrontation, but rather a sign of the transition from the US-centered maritime order to a new energy security structure involving the participation of emerging and influential powers.
SCFR Online – Opinion: Iran’s active deterrence strategy, while increasing the costs of US intervention, has increasingly exposed the hidden rifts between Washington’s interests and those of the Israeli regime.
SCFR Online – Opinion: The escalation of verbal and strategic tensions between Turkey and the Israeli regime, although not increasing the likelihood of direct war, indicates the formation of a new order in West Asian geopolitical rivalries.
Strategic Council Online – Note: Recent developments in the political geography of West Asia, from rising tensions in the Persian Gulf to missile and drone activities in the Red Sea and the recent warning by Kaja Kallas, the European Union’s foreign policy chief, regarding the threat to freedom of navigation, indicate a key pattern shift; the US-Iran war has moved beyond the scope of a regional and local confrontation and has linked two vital passageways for the global economy: the Strait of Hormuz and the Bab el-Mandeb Strait.
SCFR Online – Opinion: The Ukraine war was not merely a European crisis, but rather the starting point for the rearrangement of the global balance of power and a shift in the strategic behavior of great powers.
SCFR Online – Opinion: Great power competition is now pursued more in trade, currency, technology, and global supply chains than on the battlefields of military confrontation.