An Analysis of the Makkah Defense Pact
SCFR Online – Opinion: On Friday, August 7, the heads of state of three countries – Saudi Arabia, Turkey, and Pakistan – signed a text under the title “Makkah Joint Defense Agreement.”
SCFR Online – Opinion: On Friday, August 7, the heads of state of three countries – Saudi Arabia, Turkey, and Pakistan – signed a text under the title “Makkah Joint Defense Agreement.”
Strategic Council Online – Note: The initiative to revive the Hejaz Railway, beyond being a transportation project, constitutes an attempt to redefine geopolitics, the economy, and Turkey’s regional position; however, its realization appears to face significant financial, security, and institutional challenges.
SCFR Online – Opinion: The Strait of Hormuz crisis is no longer merely the consequence of a military confrontation, but rather a sign of the transition from the US-centered maritime order to a new energy security structure involving the participation of emerging and influential powers.
SCFR Online – Opinion: Iran’s active deterrence strategy, while increasing the costs of US intervention, has increasingly exposed the hidden rifts between Washington’s interests and those of the Israeli regime.
SCFR Online – Opinion: The escalation of verbal and strategic tensions between Turkey and the Israeli regime, although not increasing the likelihood of direct war, indicates the formation of a new order in West Asian geopolitical rivalries.
Strategic Council Online – Note: Recent developments in the political geography of West Asia, from rising tensions in the Persian Gulf to missile and drone activities in the Red Sea and the recent warning by Kaja Kallas, the European Union’s foreign policy chief, regarding the threat to freedom of navigation, indicate a key pattern shift; the US-Iran war has moved beyond the scope of a regional and local confrontation and has linked two vital passageways for the global economy: the Strait of Hormuz and the Bab el-Mandeb Strait.
SCFR Online – Opinion: The Ukraine war was not merely a European crisis, but rather the starting point for the rearrangement of the global balance of power and a shift in the strategic behavior of great powers.
SCFR Online – Opinion: Great power competition is now pursued more in trade, currency, technology, and global supply chains than on the battlefields of military confrontation.
Strategic Council Online – Interview: A Caucasus affairs expert said: “If the trend of divergence among regional countries, especially Armenia and Azerbaijan, from Russia accelerates, Russians may show a more serious reaction and even prevent the traditional regional order change using force.”
Strategic Council Online: Given that the Russian Constitutional Court has upheld the parliament’s constitutional amendment, it can be expected that if nothing special happens, Vladimir Putin will be able to run for the president again in 2024 and if he remains in power he can be extends his tenure for two 3-year terms, up to 2036.
Shoaib Bahman – Expert on Russian Affairs
Strategic Council Online: By concluding military deals with Egypt and India, Russia seeks to challenge US arms sales and development on one hand, and attract traditional US allies by expanding its military influence, on the other hand.
Shoaib Bahman – Expert on Russian Affairs
Strategic Council Online: While the Americans want North Korea to stop all its activities at once, the Russians have proposed a step-by-step approach to solve the problem. According to the plan, in exchange for partial halting of North Korea’s activities, part of the sanctions would be lifted by the United States and the parties could gradually achieve a comprehensive solution.
Shoaib Bahman – International Affairs Expert
Strategic Council Online: The United States and Russia are pursuing two different approaches vis-à-vis the West Asia region, and these different approaches have led to geopolitical disagreements between the two countries, especially with regard to the region’s major crises and dossiers.
Shoaib Bahman – Expert on Russian Affairs
Strategic Council Online: The first round of presidential elections in Ukraine has ended, and Volodymyr Zelensky and Petro Poroshenko could make it into the second round with a majority vote. At the same time, the interesting point is the inclination of both the candidates is to the West, which has made the choice difficult for Russian admirers as an important part of the country’s political process.
Shoaib Bahman – Researcher on Eurasia
Strategic Council Online: The main losers of a US pullout from the Intermediate-Range Nuclear Forces (INF) treaty are the European countries. The reason is that the treaty had banned deployment of short-range and medium-range missiles in Europe but new circumstances could emerge after US withdrawal.
Shoaib Bahman, Expert on Russian Affairs
SCFR Online – Opinion: On Friday, August 7, the heads of state of three countries – Saudi Arabia, Turkey, and Pakistan – signed a text under the title “Makkah Joint Defense Agreement.”
Strategic Council Online – Note: The initiative to revive the Hejaz Railway, beyond being a transportation project, constitutes an attempt to redefine geopolitics, the economy, and Turkey’s regional position; however, its realization appears to face significant financial, security, and institutional challenges.
SCFR Online – Opinion: The Strait of Hormuz crisis is no longer merely the consequence of a military confrontation, but rather a sign of the transition from the US-centered maritime order to a new energy security structure involving the participation of emerging and influential powers.
SCFR Online – Opinion: Iran’s active deterrence strategy, while increasing the costs of US intervention, has increasingly exposed the hidden rifts between Washington’s interests and those of the Israeli regime.
SCFR Online – Opinion: The escalation of verbal and strategic tensions between Turkey and the Israeli regime, although not increasing the likelihood of direct war, indicates the formation of a new order in West Asian geopolitical rivalries.
Strategic Council Online – Note: Recent developments in the political geography of West Asia, from rising tensions in the Persian Gulf to missile and drone activities in the Red Sea and the recent warning by Kaja Kallas, the European Union’s foreign policy chief, regarding the threat to freedom of navigation, indicate a key pattern shift; the US-Iran war has moved beyond the scope of a regional and local confrontation and has linked two vital passageways for the global economy: the Strait of Hormuz and the Bab el-Mandeb Strait.
SCFR Online – Opinion: The Ukraine war was not merely a European crisis, but rather the starting point for the rearrangement of the global balance of power and a shift in the strategic behavior of great powers.
SCFR Online – Opinion: Great power competition is now pursued more in trade, currency, technology, and global supply chains than on the battlefields of military confrontation.
Strategic Council Online – Interview: A Caucasus affairs expert said: “If the trend of divergence among regional countries, especially Armenia and Azerbaijan, from Russia accelerates, Russians may show a more serious reaction and even prevent the traditional regional order change using force.”
Strategic Council Online: Given that the Russian Constitutional Court has upheld the parliament’s constitutional amendment, it can be expected that if nothing special happens, Vladimir Putin will be able to run for the president again in 2024 and if he remains in power he can be extends his tenure for two 3-year terms, up to 2036.
Shoaib Bahman – Expert on Russian Affairs
Strategic Council Online: By concluding military deals with Egypt and India, Russia seeks to challenge US arms sales and development on one hand, and attract traditional US allies by expanding its military influence, on the other hand.
Shoaib Bahman – Expert on Russian Affairs
Strategic Council Online: While the Americans want North Korea to stop all its activities at once, the Russians have proposed a step-by-step approach to solve the problem. According to the plan, in exchange for partial halting of North Korea’s activities, part of the sanctions would be lifted by the United States and the parties could gradually achieve a comprehensive solution.
Shoaib Bahman – International Affairs Expert
Strategic Council Online: The United States and Russia are pursuing two different approaches vis-à-vis the West Asia region, and these different approaches have led to geopolitical disagreements between the two countries, especially with regard to the region’s major crises and dossiers.
Shoaib Bahman – Expert on Russian Affairs
Strategic Council Online: The first round of presidential elections in Ukraine has ended, and Volodymyr Zelensky and Petro Poroshenko could make it into the second round with a majority vote. At the same time, the interesting point is the inclination of both the candidates is to the West, which has made the choice difficult for Russian admirers as an important part of the country’s political process.
Shoaib Bahman – Researcher on Eurasia
Strategic Council Online: The main losers of a US pullout from the Intermediate-Range Nuclear Forces (INF) treaty are the European countries. The reason is that the treaty had banned deployment of short-range and medium-range missiles in Europe but new circumstances could emerge after US withdrawal.
Shoaib Bahman, Expert on Russian Affairs
Strategic Council Online – Interview: A Caucasus affairs expert said: “If the trend of divergence among regional countries, especially Armenia and Azerbaijan, from Russia accelerates, Russians may show a more serious reaction and even prevent the traditional regional order change using force.”
Strategic Council Online: Given that the Russian Constitutional Court has upheld the parliament’s constitutional amendment, it can be expected that if nothing special happens, Vladimir Putin will be able to run for the president again in 2024 and if he remains in power he can be extends his tenure for two 3-year terms, up to 2036.
Shoaib Bahman – Expert on Russian Affairs
Strategic Council Online: By concluding military deals with Egypt and India, Russia seeks to challenge US arms sales and development on one hand, and attract traditional US allies by expanding its military influence, on the other hand.
Shoaib Bahman – Expert on Russian Affairs
Strategic Council Online: While the Americans want North Korea to stop all its activities at once, the Russians have proposed a step-by-step approach to solve the problem. According to the plan, in exchange for partial halting of North Korea’s activities, part of the sanctions would be lifted by the United States and the parties could gradually achieve a comprehensive solution.
Shoaib Bahman – International Affairs Expert
Strategic Council Online: The United States and Russia are pursuing two different approaches vis-à-vis the West Asia region, and these different approaches have led to geopolitical disagreements between the two countries, especially with regard to the region’s major crises and dossiers.
Shoaib Bahman – Expert on Russian Affairs
Strategic Council Online: The first round of presidential elections in Ukraine has ended, and Volodymyr Zelensky and Petro Poroshenko could make it into the second round with a majority vote. At the same time, the interesting point is the inclination of both the candidates is to the West, which has made the choice difficult for Russian admirers as an important part of the country’s political process.
Shoaib Bahman – Researcher on Eurasia
Strategic Council Online: The main losers of a US pullout from the Intermediate-Range Nuclear Forces (INF) treaty are the European countries. The reason is that the treaty had banned deployment of short-range and medium-range missiles in Europe but new circumstances could emerge after US withdrawal.
Shoaib Bahman, Expert on Russian Affairs
SCFR Online – Opinion: On Friday, August 7, the heads of state of three countries – Saudi Arabia, Turkey, and Pakistan – signed a text under the title “Makkah Joint Defense Agreement.”
Strategic Council Online – Note: The initiative to revive the Hejaz Railway, beyond being a transportation project, constitutes an attempt to redefine geopolitics, the economy, and Turkey’s regional position; however, its realization appears to face significant financial, security, and institutional challenges.
SCFR Online – Opinion: The Strait of Hormuz crisis is no longer merely the consequence of a military confrontation, but rather a sign of the transition from the US-centered maritime order to a new energy security structure involving the participation of emerging and influential powers.
SCFR Online – Opinion: Iran’s active deterrence strategy, while increasing the costs of US intervention, has increasingly exposed the hidden rifts between Washington’s interests and those of the Israeli regime.
SCFR Online – Opinion: The escalation of verbal and strategic tensions between Turkey and the Israeli regime, although not increasing the likelihood of direct war, indicates the formation of a new order in West Asian geopolitical rivalries.
Strategic Council Online – Note: Recent developments in the political geography of West Asia, from rising tensions in the Persian Gulf to missile and drone activities in the Red Sea and the recent warning by Kaja Kallas, the European Union’s foreign policy chief, regarding the threat to freedom of navigation, indicate a key pattern shift; the US-Iran war has moved beyond the scope of a regional and local confrontation and has linked two vital passageways for the global economy: the Strait of Hormuz and the Bab el-Mandeb Strait.
SCFR Online – Opinion: The Ukraine war was not merely a European crisis, but rather the starting point for the rearrangement of the global balance of power and a shift in the strategic behavior of great powers.
SCFR Online – Opinion: Great power competition is now pursued more in trade, currency, technology, and global supply chains than on the battlefields of military confrontation.
Strategic Council Online – Interview: A Caucasus affairs expert said: “If the trend of divergence among regional countries, especially Armenia and Azerbaijan, from Russia accelerates, Russians may show a more serious reaction and even prevent the traditional regional order change using force.”
Strategic Council Online: Given that the Russian Constitutional Court has upheld the parliament’s constitutional amendment, it can be expected that if nothing special happens, Vladimir Putin will be able to run for the president again in 2024 and if he remains in power he can be extends his tenure for two 3-year terms, up to 2036.
Shoaib Bahman – Expert on Russian Affairs
Strategic Council Online: By concluding military deals with Egypt and India, Russia seeks to challenge US arms sales and development on one hand, and attract traditional US allies by expanding its military influence, on the other hand.
Shoaib Bahman – Expert on Russian Affairs
Strategic Council Online: While the Americans want North Korea to stop all its activities at once, the Russians have proposed a step-by-step approach to solve the problem. According to the plan, in exchange for partial halting of North Korea’s activities, part of the sanctions would be lifted by the United States and the parties could gradually achieve a comprehensive solution.
Shoaib Bahman – International Affairs Expert
Strategic Council Online: The United States and Russia are pursuing two different approaches vis-à-vis the West Asia region, and these different approaches have led to geopolitical disagreements between the two countries, especially with regard to the region’s major crises and dossiers.
Shoaib Bahman – Expert on Russian Affairs
Strategic Council Online: The first round of presidential elections in Ukraine has ended, and Volodymyr Zelensky and Petro Poroshenko could make it into the second round with a majority vote. At the same time, the interesting point is the inclination of both the candidates is to the West, which has made the choice difficult for Russian admirers as an important part of the country’s political process.
Shoaib Bahman – Researcher on Eurasia
Strategic Council Online: The main losers of a US pullout from the Intermediate-Range Nuclear Forces (INF) treaty are the European countries. The reason is that the treaty had banned deployment of short-range and medium-range missiles in Europe but new circumstances could emerge after US withdrawal.
Shoaib Bahman, Expert on Russian Affairs
SCFR Online – Opinion: On Friday, August 7, the heads of state of three countries – Saudi Arabia, Turkey, and Pakistan – signed a text under the title “Makkah Joint Defense Agreement.”
Strategic Council Online – Note: The initiative to revive the Hejaz Railway, beyond being a transportation project, constitutes an attempt to redefine geopolitics, the economy, and Turkey’s regional position; however, its realization appears to face significant financial, security, and institutional challenges.
SCFR Online – Opinion: The Strait of Hormuz crisis is no longer merely the consequence of a military confrontation, but rather a sign of the transition from the US-centered maritime order to a new energy security structure involving the participation of emerging and influential powers.
SCFR Online – Opinion: Iran’s active deterrence strategy, while increasing the costs of US intervention, has increasingly exposed the hidden rifts between Washington’s interests and those of the Israeli regime.
SCFR Online – Opinion: The escalation of verbal and strategic tensions between Turkey and the Israeli regime, although not increasing the likelihood of direct war, indicates the formation of a new order in West Asian geopolitical rivalries.
Strategic Council Online – Note: Recent developments in the political geography of West Asia, from rising tensions in the Persian Gulf to missile and drone activities in the Red Sea and the recent warning by Kaja Kallas, the European Union’s foreign policy chief, regarding the threat to freedom of navigation, indicate a key pattern shift; the US-Iran war has moved beyond the scope of a regional and local confrontation and has linked two vital passageways for the global economy: the Strait of Hormuz and the Bab el-Mandeb Strait.
SCFR Online – Opinion: The Ukraine war was not merely a European crisis, but rather the starting point for the rearrangement of the global balance of power and a shift in the strategic behavior of great powers.
SCFR Online – Opinion: Great power competition is now pursued more in trade, currency, technology, and global supply chains than on the battlefields of military confrontation.
Strategic Council Online – Interview: A Caucasus affairs expert said: “If the trend of divergence among regional countries, especially Armenia and Azerbaijan, from Russia accelerates, Russians may show a more serious reaction and even prevent the traditional regional order change using force.”
Strategic Council Online: Given that the Russian Constitutional Court has upheld the parliament’s constitutional amendment, it can be expected that if nothing special happens, Vladimir Putin will be able to run for the president again in 2024 and if he remains in power he can be extends his tenure for two 3-year terms, up to 2036.
Shoaib Bahman – Expert on Russian Affairs
Strategic Council Online: By concluding military deals with Egypt and India, Russia seeks to challenge US arms sales and development on one hand, and attract traditional US allies by expanding its military influence, on the other hand.
Shoaib Bahman – Expert on Russian Affairs
Strategic Council Online: While the Americans want North Korea to stop all its activities at once, the Russians have proposed a step-by-step approach to solve the problem. According to the plan, in exchange for partial halting of North Korea’s activities, part of the sanctions would be lifted by the United States and the parties could gradually achieve a comprehensive solution.
Shoaib Bahman – International Affairs Expert
Strategic Council Online: The United States and Russia are pursuing two different approaches vis-à-vis the West Asia region, and these different approaches have led to geopolitical disagreements between the two countries, especially with regard to the region’s major crises and dossiers.
Shoaib Bahman – Expert on Russian Affairs
Strategic Council Online: The first round of presidential elections in Ukraine has ended, and Volodymyr Zelensky and Petro Poroshenko could make it into the second round with a majority vote. At the same time, the interesting point is the inclination of both the candidates is to the West, which has made the choice difficult for Russian admirers as an important part of the country’s political process.
Shoaib Bahman – Researcher on Eurasia
Strategic Council Online: The main losers of a US pullout from the Intermediate-Range Nuclear Forces (INF) treaty are the European countries. The reason is that the treaty had banned deployment of short-range and medium-range missiles in Europe but new circumstances could emerge after US withdrawal.
Shoaib Bahman, Expert on Russian Affairs
SCFR Online – Opinion: On Friday, August 7, the heads of state of three countries – Saudi Arabia, Turkey, and Pakistan – signed a text under the title “Makkah Joint Defense Agreement.”
Strategic Council Online – Note: The initiative to revive the Hejaz Railway, beyond being a transportation project, constitutes an attempt to redefine geopolitics, the economy, and Turkey’s regional position; however, its realization appears to face significant financial, security, and institutional challenges.
SCFR Online – Opinion: The Strait of Hormuz crisis is no longer merely the consequence of a military confrontation, but rather a sign of the transition from the US-centered maritime order to a new energy security structure involving the participation of emerging and influential powers.
SCFR Online – Opinion: Iran’s active deterrence strategy, while increasing the costs of US intervention, has increasingly exposed the hidden rifts between Washington’s interests and those of the Israeli regime.
SCFR Online – Opinion: The escalation of verbal and strategic tensions between Turkey and the Israeli regime, although not increasing the likelihood of direct war, indicates the formation of a new order in West Asian geopolitical rivalries.
Strategic Council Online – Note: Recent developments in the political geography of West Asia, from rising tensions in the Persian Gulf to missile and drone activities in the Red Sea and the recent warning by Kaja Kallas, the European Union’s foreign policy chief, regarding the threat to freedom of navigation, indicate a key pattern shift; the US-Iran war has moved beyond the scope of a regional and local confrontation and has linked two vital passageways for the global economy: the Strait of Hormuz and the Bab el-Mandeb Strait.
SCFR Online – Opinion: The Ukraine war was not merely a European crisis, but rather the starting point for the rearrangement of the global balance of power and a shift in the strategic behavior of great powers.
SCFR Online – Opinion: Great power competition is now pursued more in trade, currency, technology, and global supply chains than on the battlefields of military confrontation.
Strategic Council Online – Interview: A Caucasus affairs expert said: “If the trend of divergence among regional countries, especially Armenia and Azerbaijan, from Russia accelerates, Russians may show a more serious reaction and even prevent the traditional regional order change using force.”
Strategic Council Online: Given that the Russian Constitutional Court has upheld the parliament’s constitutional amendment, it can be expected that if nothing special happens, Vladimir Putin will be able to run for the president again in 2024 and if he remains in power he can be extends his tenure for two 3-year terms, up to 2036.
Shoaib Bahman – Expert on Russian Affairs
Strategic Council Online: By concluding military deals with Egypt and India, Russia seeks to challenge US arms sales and development on one hand, and attract traditional US allies by expanding its military influence, on the other hand.
Shoaib Bahman – Expert on Russian Affairs
Strategic Council Online: While the Americans want North Korea to stop all its activities at once, the Russians have proposed a step-by-step approach to solve the problem. According to the plan, in exchange for partial halting of North Korea’s activities, part of the sanctions would be lifted by the United States and the parties could gradually achieve a comprehensive solution.
Shoaib Bahman – International Affairs Expert
Strategic Council Online: The United States and Russia are pursuing two different approaches vis-à-vis the West Asia region, and these different approaches have led to geopolitical disagreements between the two countries, especially with regard to the region’s major crises and dossiers.
Shoaib Bahman – Expert on Russian Affairs
Strategic Council Online: The first round of presidential elections in Ukraine has ended, and Volodymyr Zelensky and Petro Poroshenko could make it into the second round with a majority vote. At the same time, the interesting point is the inclination of both the candidates is to the West, which has made the choice difficult for Russian admirers as an important part of the country’s political process.
Shoaib Bahman – Researcher on Eurasia
Strategic Council Online: The main losers of a US pullout from the Intermediate-Range Nuclear Forces (INF) treaty are the European countries. The reason is that the treaty had banned deployment of short-range and medium-range missiles in Europe but new circumstances could emerge after US withdrawal.
Shoaib Bahman, Expert on Russian Affairs
SCFR Online – Opinion: On Friday, August 7, the heads of state of three countries – Saudi Arabia, Turkey, and Pakistan – signed a text under the title “Makkah Joint Defense Agreement.”
Strategic Council Online – Note: The initiative to revive the Hejaz Railway, beyond being a transportation project, constitutes an attempt to redefine geopolitics, the economy, and Turkey’s regional position; however, its realization appears to face significant financial, security, and institutional challenges.
SCFR Online – Opinion: The Strait of Hormuz crisis is no longer merely the consequence of a military confrontation, but rather a sign of the transition from the US-centered maritime order to a new energy security structure involving the participation of emerging and influential powers.
SCFR Online – Opinion: Iran’s active deterrence strategy, while increasing the costs of US intervention, has increasingly exposed the hidden rifts between Washington’s interests and those of the Israeli regime.
SCFR Online – Opinion: The escalation of verbal and strategic tensions between Turkey and the Israeli regime, although not increasing the likelihood of direct war, indicates the formation of a new order in West Asian geopolitical rivalries.
Strategic Council Online – Note: Recent developments in the political geography of West Asia, from rising tensions in the Persian Gulf to missile and drone activities in the Red Sea and the recent warning by Kaja Kallas, the European Union’s foreign policy chief, regarding the threat to freedom of navigation, indicate a key pattern shift; the US-Iran war has moved beyond the scope of a regional and local confrontation and has linked two vital passageways for the global economy: the Strait of Hormuz and the Bab el-Mandeb Strait.
SCFR Online – Opinion: The Ukraine war was not merely a European crisis, but rather the starting point for the rearrangement of the global balance of power and a shift in the strategic behavior of great powers.
SCFR Online – Opinion: Great power competition is now pursued more in trade, currency, technology, and global supply chains than on the battlefields of military confrontation.
Strategic Council Online – Interview: A Caucasus affairs expert said: “If the trend of divergence among regional countries, especially Armenia and Azerbaijan, from Russia accelerates, Russians may show a more serious reaction and even prevent the traditional regional order change using force.”
Strategic Council Online: Given that the Russian Constitutional Court has upheld the parliament’s constitutional amendment, it can be expected that if nothing special happens, Vladimir Putin will be able to run for the president again in 2024 and if he remains in power he can be extends his tenure for two 3-year terms, up to 2036.
Shoaib Bahman – Expert on Russian Affairs
Strategic Council Online: By concluding military deals with Egypt and India, Russia seeks to challenge US arms sales and development on one hand, and attract traditional US allies by expanding its military influence, on the other hand.
Shoaib Bahman – Expert on Russian Affairs
Strategic Council Online: While the Americans want North Korea to stop all its activities at once, the Russians have proposed a step-by-step approach to solve the problem. According to the plan, in exchange for partial halting of North Korea’s activities, part of the sanctions would be lifted by the United States and the parties could gradually achieve a comprehensive solution.
Shoaib Bahman – International Affairs Expert
Strategic Council Online: The United States and Russia are pursuing two different approaches vis-à-vis the West Asia region, and these different approaches have led to geopolitical disagreements between the two countries, especially with regard to the region’s major crises and dossiers.
Shoaib Bahman – Expert on Russian Affairs
Strategic Council Online: The first round of presidential elections in Ukraine has ended, and Volodymyr Zelensky and Petro Poroshenko could make it into the second round with a majority vote. At the same time, the interesting point is the inclination of both the candidates is to the West, which has made the choice difficult for Russian admirers as an important part of the country’s political process.
Shoaib Bahman – Researcher on Eurasia
Strategic Council Online: The main losers of a US pullout from the Intermediate-Range Nuclear Forces (INF) treaty are the European countries. The reason is that the treaty had banned deployment of short-range and medium-range missiles in Europe but new circumstances could emerge after US withdrawal.
Shoaib Bahman, Expert on Russian Affairs
SCFR Online – Opinion: On Friday, August 7, the heads of state of three countries – Saudi Arabia, Turkey, and Pakistan – signed a text under the title “Makkah Joint Defense Agreement.”
Strategic Council Online – Note: The initiative to revive the Hejaz Railway, beyond being a transportation project, constitutes an attempt to redefine geopolitics, the economy, and Turkey’s regional position; however, its realization appears to face significant financial, security, and institutional challenges.
SCFR Online – Opinion: The Strait of Hormuz crisis is no longer merely the consequence of a military confrontation, but rather a sign of the transition from the US-centered maritime order to a new energy security structure involving the participation of emerging and influential powers.
SCFR Online – Opinion: Iran’s active deterrence strategy, while increasing the costs of US intervention, has increasingly exposed the hidden rifts between Washington’s interests and those of the Israeli regime.
SCFR Online – Opinion: The escalation of verbal and strategic tensions between Turkey and the Israeli regime, although not increasing the likelihood of direct war, indicates the formation of a new order in West Asian geopolitical rivalries.
Strategic Council Online – Note: Recent developments in the political geography of West Asia, from rising tensions in the Persian Gulf to missile and drone activities in the Red Sea and the recent warning by Kaja Kallas, the European Union’s foreign policy chief, regarding the threat to freedom of navigation, indicate a key pattern shift; the US-Iran war has moved beyond the scope of a regional and local confrontation and has linked two vital passageways for the global economy: the Strait of Hormuz and the Bab el-Mandeb Strait.
SCFR Online – Opinion: The Ukraine war was not merely a European crisis, but rather the starting point for the rearrangement of the global balance of power and a shift in the strategic behavior of great powers.
SCFR Online – Opinion: Great power competition is now pursued more in trade, currency, technology, and global supply chains than on the battlefields of military confrontation.